Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of History

Fascism originated in Italy after World War I and later spread to other countries of Europe. There are three key characteristics:

Authoritarianism

This is the supremacy of the state, which means the state comes before individual rights. Propaganda was used to gain people's loyalty.

Ultra-Nationalism, Imperialism, and Militarism

This was an aggressive foreign policy of territorial expansions that sought to provide the state with more living space. It had a lot of racism and xenophobia because the nation was defined by race.

Economic Control

Capitalism is allowed, but the main goal is to achieve national self-sufficiency through extreme protectionism. The state establishes corporations of business owners and workers, cooperation is encouraged, and... Continue reading "The Origins and Characteristics of Fascism in Europe" »

GIRONDIST CONVENTION:Was the name given to the French National Assembly between 1792 and 1793.During that time, the Girondist held power.They proclaimed the Republic after was led by Robespierre. The king Louis XIV was executed in January of 1793 and the European monarchy declared war on France.

ROBESPIERRE:Was the leader of the Jacobins.In 1793 he entered the committee of public salvation, that is the government and from that moment on he became the most powerful man in France

DIRECTORY: was the government of France between 1795 and 1799.It was formed by five people for a limited period of time .One of them was Napoleon Bonaparte .It failed due to the impossibility of getting stability in France.Some electoral results were annulled.Finally Napoleón

1. Contextualization. Henry Ford lived between the years 1863 and 1947(eigtin sixti tri and naintin fouti seven), that is to say, he was born at the time of the North American civil war and dies two years after finishing the Second World War, witnessing the change from the XIX and XX(naintin and tuenti) century, the First World War and the economic crisis in 1929(tuening nain, being a protagonist and witness of the changes that shook the North American and global society in that period.

9.What causes systems designed to maintain peace to fail or succeed?

One system created to maintain peace was The League of Nations (LON). It was promoted during the WWI by Woodrow Wilson (USA president). This league was created in 1920 with the idea of prevent another catastrophic conflict or war through discussion, negotiation and diplomacy.

The LON provided to all their members’ (at its peak there were 60 members) some aims:  the first is collective security, which means protect every nation from other attacks. The second was help countries with disputes to settle their problems peacefully. The third was encouraging all the country members to reduce its armaments. The last one was promoting the international cooperation with problems.

These

The short story “The Force of Circumstances” symbolizes the British imperialism.

Term to describe the trends in thought and letters in Europe and the American colonies during the 18th century before the French Revolution. The phrase was employed by writers of the period, and convinced they were emerging from centuries of darkness and ignorance into an age enlightened by reason, etc.

During Enlightenment

• People know that through reason and progress, it will be possible to progress in knowledge, in technical achievements, and moral values.

Attempt to Supplant Aristocracy and Established Churches

• Enlightenment thinkers aimed to supplant aristocracy and established churches in social and political life, which they viewed as reactionary, oppressive, and superstitious.

Most Enlightenment Thinkers

• Most Enlightenment thinkers didn't

LONG TERM CAUSES:

1919 The Treaty of Versailles signed

1924 Hitler writes “Mein Kampf”  

Oct 1929 The global depression begins

Jan 1933 Hitler becomes chancellor of germany

Sept 1939 Invasion of Poland

SHORT TERM CAUSES:

1933 Hitler begins to rebuild his army in secret

Oct 1935  Abyssinia Invasions: The League of Nations is dead

Mar 1936  Rhineland reoccupied

July 1936 The Spanish Civil War (Germany rehearses arms and aircraft)

Novem 1936 Rome-Berlin Axis: Hitler-Mussolini Alliance

Mar 1938 Anschluss with Austria: annexation of Austria into Germany

Sep 1938 The Munich agreement: Sudetenland (region of czechoslovakia) was given to Hitler

March 1939 Nazis invade Czechoslovakia

Aug 1939 The Nazi-Soviet  Non-Aggression pact

1. What do we call South America, Central America and North America?

A. The Americas

2. What is between Russia and Alaska?

C. the Bering Strait

3. What is maize very similar to?

C. corn

4. What did the Olmecs use to make statues?

D. basalt

5. What did the Olmecs use to make balls?

D. rubber

6. Where did the Nok people live?

A. West Africa

7. Which people built the city of Monte Albán?

A. Zapotec

8. Which people started a civilization on the Yucatan península?

D. Maya

9. Which city name means “City of the Gods”?

C. Teotihuacan

10. What did the Olmecs use to make statues?

basalt

11. Which people settled in Normandy?

Vikings

12. What do historians call the early part of the Middle Ages?

Dark Ages

13. Who was the ruler of Gaul in 768 AD?

A. Roland B. Charlemagne... Continue reading "Ancient Civilizations and World History Quiz" »