Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Spanish

Phrasal Verbs

• Taken over: To take control of
• Call for: To require
• Getting at: To insinuate
• Taking on: To assume
• Logging on: To initiate a session
• Picking up: To collect
• Down with: To reject, disapproval
• Bring along: To bring something with you
• Told us off: To reprimand
• Sign up: To register
• Broken out: To have symptoms, to become ill
• Coming: Imminent, about to arrive
• Came on: To advance, to begin
• Going out: To go out to dinner, out of fashion
• Come down with: The onset of an illness
• Signed up for: Registered, enrolled
• Come on: To encourage someone to do something

Work and Business

• The job market: The labor market
• Management
• Marketing
• A market researcher: A market researcher
• Market share: Market share
• On the market: On the market
• Qualifications: Qualifications
• Stock market:

Passive Voice

Present Simple

• Buy----is/are/am bought
• Is/are/am buying----is/are/am being bought

Past Simple

• Bought----was/were bought
• Was/Were buying ----was/were being bought

Present Perfect

• Have/has bought----Have/Has been bought
• Had bought----Had been bought

Future Simple

• Will buy----Will be bought
• Will be buying----will be being bought

Future Perfect

• Will have bought----Will have been bought

Going to Future

• Is/am/are going to buy----Is/am/are going to be bought

Conditional

• Would buy----Would be bought

Modal Verbs

• can/could/may/might/will/would/should/must/ought to/shall buy----Can... be bought
• Can... have bought----Can have been bought
• Have/Has to buy----Has/Have to be bought

Impersonal Passive

1. It+Passive verb+ That (sub sentence)
2. Subject+ Passive verb+ to (infinitive)

English-Spanish Vocabulary for Work and Career

BOOM - tener mucha demanda

DEGREE - grado, título universitario

FIELD - campo, sector

FREELANCER - autónomo, trabajador por cuenta propia

HIRE - contratar

IN HIGH DEMAND - muy demandado

INTERNSHIP - periodo de prácticas

Skills - habilidades interpersonales
Multitasking - realización de varias tareas al mismo tiempo
On the job - en el trabajo
Overtime - horas extra(s)
Position - puesto (de trabajo)
Range - variedad (a range of: diferentes)
Rewarding - gratificante
Room for advancement - posibilidad de ascenso
Self-employed - autónomo, que trabaja por cuenta propia
Shift - turno
Staff - plantilla, personal
Think outside the box - pensar de forma diferente, ideas originales
Booth - stand, caseta, ventanilla

English-Spanish Vocabulary: Society, Crime and Justice

Society - Sociedad

animal rights - derechos de los animales
authorities - autoridades
child poverty - pobreza infantil
citizen - ciudadano
disability-rights activist - activista por los derechos de las personas con discapacidad
employment - empleo
gender discrimination - discriminación de género
healthcare system - sistema de atención médica
mental health - salud mental
minority group - grupo minoritario
neighbourhood - vecindario
racial discrimination - discriminación racial
segregation - segregación
tolerance - tolerancia
wealth - riqueza
welfare state - estado de bienestar

Noun Suffixes

appearance - apariencia
arrival - llegada
bravery - valentía
commitment - compromiso
community - comunidad
education... Continue reading "English-Spanish Vocabulary: Society, Crime, Justice & Phrasal Verbs" »

**Objectives of Oratory**

• Docere (to teach/logos)
• Delectare (to win over/ethos)
• Movere (to move/pathos)

**Invention**

Think about the context of the speech, research, and find examples.

**Disposition** (to order)

• Exordium (introduction): Captatio benevolentiae (ethos): capture interest
• Narratio (exposition of facts): basic information
• Partitio (exposition of points of agreement and disagreement): outline of the speech
• Confirmatio (exposition of arguments): body of the speech (logos)
• Reprehensio (refutation of other arguments)
• Conclusio: powerful ending

**Elocution**

Clear, simple, elegant. Three types of register:

• Simple (class)
• Medium (judgment)
• Elevated (meeting)

**Memory**

Memorize, use quotes, do not read.

**Action**

Voice, hand, body, clothing.

**Figures of

Sports and Success

English - Spanish

A - E

Astounding - asombroso

Award - prem

Balance - equilibrio

Championship - campeonato

Defeat - derrotar a

Drill - rutina de ejercicios

Eager - ansioso

F - J

Feat - hazaña

In good shape - en buena forma

Jump the gun - adelantarse a los acontecimientos

Keep fit - mantenerse en forma

L - P

Leap - saltar

Learn the ropes - aprender a hacer el trabajo

Move the goalpost - cambiar las reglas

On the ball - al tanto

Opponent - contrincante

R - U

Rank - clasificar

Reluctant - reacio

Role model - modelo a seguir

Runner up - subcampeon

Setback - revés

S - Z

Strike - pegar

Surpass - superar a

Take off - empezar a tener éxito

Teammate - compañero de equipo

Work one's way up - subir puestos

Work out - entrenar

Idioms and Expressions

A - E

Allowance... Continue reading "English-Spanish Vocabulary for Sports, Success, and Relationships" »

Phrasal Verbs in English with Spanish Translations

Below is a list of common phrasal verbs in English with their Spanish meanings.

• Ask out: invitar a salir
• Look up: buscar (información sobre)
• Back up: hacer una copia de seguridad (de)
• Make for: ir / dirigirse hacia / a
• Break up: romper / cortar / dejar (una relación)
• Make of: pensar de / sobre, parecer
• Bring about: lograr, producirse
• Make up: hacer las paces, reconciliarse
• Burn down: quemarse, incendiarse
• Miss out on: dejar pasar, perder
• Call off: suspender, cancelar
• Move on: pasar página, seguir adelante
• Call on: pasar a ver / visitar a
• Open up: hablar abiertamente, sincerarse
• Calm down: calmar / tranquilizar a
• Pick on: meterse con
• Carry out: llevar a cabo, realizar
• Pick out: elegir, escoger
• Cheer on: animar

Vocabulary: War and Conflict Terminology

Key Nouns Related to Conflict

Allies

Aliados

Asymmetric Warfare

Guerra descompensada

Atrocities

Actos violentos

Border

Frontera

Civilian Government

Gobierno civil

Coalition

Coalición

Guerrilla Raids

Ataques inesperados por gente no militar

Insurgency

Insurgencia

Invasion

Invasión

Leader

Líder

Occupation

Ocupación

Security

Seguridad

Special Forces

Fuerzas especiales

Terrorist-Training Camps

Campos de entrenamiento de terroristas

Terrorists

Terroristas

Troops

Tropas

An Ambush

Una emboscada

Attack

Ataque

Forces

Fuerzas

Power

Poder / Potencia

The Ultimatum

Un ultimátum

War

Guerra

Essential War and Conflict Collocations

• Occupy a country
• Supply arms (to)
• Station troops (in)
• Make a breakthrough
• Break the stalemate
• Inflict casualties
• Put up resistance
• Suffer

English Sentence Transformations

1. Managed to give
2. Were not allowed to enter
3. Too cold for us to
4. Need to be answered
5. Rarely remembers the date/day when
6. Am considering moving
7. Did not let their children
8. Stop speaking to him unless
9. Such an interesting novel
10. Is likely to end
11. Impressed by her fluency in
12. Looking forward to going
13. Success in spite of
14. Is worth seeing
15. See each other
16. Was called off by
17. Must be a church that you
18. Time we visited Lisbon was
19. Not fast enough to catch (or reach)
20. Film would already be
21. Ready to set off
22. Has not been replaced by
23. As long as he has (or takes)
24. He had been very amused
25. So sick that he decided
26. Had I arrived when
27. Is believed to have cancelled
28. I could play badminton well
29. Was not keen on going
30. Mind passing me
31. Nearly as expensive as
32. Denied having seen
33. Like