Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Spanish

The Complete List of Irregular English Verbs

This comprehensive resource provides the infinitive, past simple, and past participle forms for essential irregular verbs, along with their corresponding Spanish meanings. Use this table to improve your English conjugation skills.

Spanish for Travel and Business

Common Travel Phrases

Me voy a Los Ángeles el lunes = I'm going to Los Angeles on Monday.

¿Vas a París por negocios? = Are you going to Paris on business?

Vuelvo a Londres en tren = I'm coming back to London by train.

Llego a Madrid justo después de medianoche = I'm arriving in Madrid just after midnight.

Business Interactions

¿Cuándo te reúnes con los trabajadores? = When are you meeting with the workers?

El nuevo ayudante llega a la oficina el martes y se queda dos semanas = The new assistant is arriving at the office on Tuesday and is staying for two weeks.

Llegaremos a Londres a mediados de mes = We are arriving in London in the middle of the month.

Él viajó a Londres el 22 de marzo = He traveled to London... Continue reading "Spanish Phrases for Travel and Business" »

Modal Verbs: Can, Will, and Shall

The Modal Verb "Can" (Ability and Possibility)

Se utiliza para expresar cosas que podemos o no podemos hacer (habilidad o posibilidad):

• Affirmative (AF): I can play the piano.
• Negative (NG): I can't play the guitar.
• Interrogative (INT): Can I play football?

Common Expressions with "Can"

Can you make it? (¿Puedes quedar?)

Used to ask if someone can attend an appointment or meeting.

Example: Can you make it at nine o'clock on Thursday?

Why can't you make it? (¿Por qué no puedes quedar?)

Can you tell the difference between...? (¿Distingues cuándo...?)

Example: Can you tell the difference between a mosquito bite and a flea bite?

Can you tell when someone...? (¿Distingues cuándo alguien...?)

Example: Can you tell when... Continue reading "Mastering English Modals, Past Tenses, and Adjectives" »

Response to Your Recent Complaint

Dear Ms. Solovyeva,

Thank you for your letter of 4 May informing us about the problems you experienced at the Hotel Marinas de Nerja. We are sorry to hear about the issues you encountered. We have passed your information on to the Registration Officer, who will take it into consideration when reviewing the hotel's star rating.

Complaints similar to yours are very important in our effort to maintain a good standard throughout the region. Although there are regular inspections, we hope you understand that in an industry like tourism, standards can vary within short periods of time due to changes in personnel, management, etc. However, we will take action if necessary.

In conclusion, we honestly hope that your unpleasant... Continue reading "Hotel Standards and Travel Accommodation Insights" »

English Simple Present Tense Conjugation

Learn how to form positive, negative, and interrogative sentences in the simple present tense.

Technical English: Water & Electronics Terminology

Understand common verbs and prepositions used in technical contexts, especially for water and electrical systems.

1. Distribution / Distribución

English: The process of transporting products from a manufacturer, storing them, and selling them to different stores and customers.

Español: El proceso de transporte de los productos de un fabricante, almacenarlos y venderlos a diferentes tiendas y clientes.

2. Profit Margin / Margen de Beneficio

English: The difference between the total amount of money a company receives from sales and the total cost of producing all its products and services.

Español: La diferencia entre la cantidad total de dinero que una empresa recibe de las ventas y el costo total de la producción de todos sus productos y servicios.

3. USP / Única Proposición de Venta

English: Abbreviation for unique selling proposition/point: a feature... Continue reading "Essential Business and Marketing Vocabulary" »

Crime and Justice

Vocabulary

• Arrest
• Break the law
• Commit a crime
• Do community service
• Get away with (escape with)
• Get carried away (become enthusiastic, let oneself go)
• Give a sentence
• Go to court
• Go to prison
• Pay a fine
• Punish (sanction/penalize)
• Spend time in prison
• Treat fairly

People

• Criminal
• Judge
• Offender
• Victim
• Witness

Idioms

• Be above board (be honest and legal)
• Catch someone red-handed (catch someone in the act)
• Face the music (accept the consequences)
• Get to the bottom of (discover the truth)
• Keep your nose clean (stay out of trouble)
• Step out of line (disobey or fail to follow rules)

Phrasal Verbs

• Bring in (introduce)
• Cover up (conceal)
• Found out (discover)
• Let on (reveal information)
• Own up to (confess, admit)
• Set up (trap)
• Stamp out (eliminate)
• Stand up to (confront)

Present Continuous

To talk about something that is happening at the moment we talk.

• I’m studying now (Yo estoy estudiando ahora)
• I’m it raining? (está lloviendo?)

Past Simple

To speak of a concrete action that began and ended in the past.

• Tom stayed at home last night. (Tom se quedó en casa anoche.)
• I didn’t go to the party yesterday. (No fui a la fiesta ayer.)

Future Tense

Going to

Expresses the duration of a past action and does not indicate if it is finished.

Will

Work to raise capital and start my own business

I will study some specialization or the French language.

According to projections, everything seems to indicate that in the coming years tourism will increase slowly.

Present Perfect

When do we use present perfect? ¿Cuándo usamos el presente... Continue reading "Spanish Grammar: Present Continuous, Past Simple, and Future Tense" »

A= empieza con consonante AN = empieza por vocal, 225 two hundred twenty-five. Hooks ganchos, bolts tornillo, clips and clamps abrazadera, ropes cuerda, springs arandela, screw tornillo, spring muelle, nut tuerca, fuse fusible, drill taladro, hose manguera, ruler regla, glove guantes, bulb bombilla, lead alargadera, pipe tubería, wheel rueda. Levers palancas, socket enchufe, fuse fusible. Person personas, man hombre, men hombres, woman mujer, women mujeres, child niño, children niños, foot pie, feet pies, tooth diente, teeth dientes, battery batería, batteries baterías, box caja, boxes cajas, lock cerradura, locks cerraduras, key llave, keys llaves.

There is (hay) singular, there are (hay) plural. Circle círculo, square cuadrado, triangle... Continue reading "Essential Vocabulary and Grammar for Everyday Communication" »