Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of University

-Nowadays music and art in secondary school aren't as importan as maths, english, history...  If you wont study music or art you have to go special centre.

Scientific models used to explain why and how atoms form molecules:

• Lewis dot structure
• Valence bond theory

Valence bond theory describes a covalent bond as the overlap of half-filled atomic orbitals (each containing a single electron) that yield a pair of electrons shared between the two bonded atoms. According to valence bond theory, a covalent bond results when two conditions are met: (1) an orbital on one atom overlaps an orbital on a second atom and (2) the single electrons in each orbital combine to form an electron pair.

• Molecular orbital theory

model that describes the behavior of electrons delocalized throughout a molecule in terms of the combination of atomic wave functions. It describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in much... Continue reading "Atomic Models, Periodic Trends, and Chemical Bonding" »

English Vocabulary

Language Learning Strategies

2 main groups:

• Direct strategies: Involve use of language (memory, cognitive, compensation)
• Indirect strategies: not directly involve use of language, but support language learning (social, metacognitive, affective)

Memory Strategy

Semantic mapping: connect concepts with key words. Enclose related words in the same field.

Cognitive Strategy

Reasoning deductively, when understanding only a few words of the sentence.

Compensation Strategies

Example: use mime or gestures to describe something without words.

England

Compensation, mime/social strategy, clarify/take risks wisely.

Autonomous Learning

Describes a process in which individuals take the initiative. Diagnose your own learning needs, formulate learning goals, choose and... Continue reading "Effective Language Learning Strategies and Gamification" »

INTRODUCTION

·After wars, in the 1930s and The 1950s realism and politics rejected on modernism in documentary and Realistic forms. But there were experimental novelists: Samuel Beckett, Flann O’Brien, Lawrence Durrell and Malcolm Lowry.

·In the 1940s there was a Crisis in English fiction due to the disappearance of old principles of Cohesion, racial and national identity, gender roles and class. Furthermore, Those principles were recalibrated. This meant opportunities for imaginative Intervention in social change.

·The debate between realism and Innovation resulted in Angus Wilson’s No Laughing Matter (1967). It was A family saga (Galsworthy), with alternate narrators, dramatic interludes, Parodies and reflection on narrative.

·Iris Murdoch’s

Conventional: Cut the scene from wider to narrower shots (master wide, medium, close Up…) and go back to the wider to reveal the outcome. Reveal: Cut the scene from narrower to wider. Matching action: Cut on movement. Overlap: Audio leads video or video leads audio. Match cut: metaphorically linking shots that share common characteristics (objects, Compositions, space...). Flash cutting: the duration of the shots is very brief.   Subliminal cutting: introducing a frame with a subliminal message. Cross cutting: alternating various lines of action. Elliptical editing: omitting time. Jump cut: cut to a shot that is very similar to the previous. Produces a “jumpy” image. Invisible editing: a cut that is not perceived by the viewer.

William Blake (1775-1827)

Father of Mary Shelley (her mother, Mary Wollstonecraft). De soltera, Mary Goldwin.Frankenstein: romantic gothic

• Imagination, feelings, breaking the rules (taboo - the way the doctor’s playing with body parts), 

• Romanticism references: solitude, God is the only one who can create life. Taboos,freedom. • On one hand, we have many romantic elements… but there is an additional element: a philosophical concern about the nature and solitude of human beings.Features:• Against rationalism• Against Augustan poetry: neoclassical, where it is important to follow very rigid and strict patterns, both in the form and in the contents. • Symbolism. Interesting because of the symbols. He liked engraving. Symbolism... Continue reading "Concept of education" »

4.1 Taxes and Rights

• The Seven Years’ War had doubled Britain’s national debt and increased 5-fold the cost of running and defending North America: Britain wanted more revenue from America and claimed the right to extract it.
• The Stamp Act of 1765 extended this duty to the colonies – it was the first direct tax as distinct from duties on trade. It hit merchants, lawyers and editors the hardest, leading to mob violence against British agents in Boston and other cities from the Sons of Liberty. Merchants boycotted imports from Britain.
• The Stamp Act Congress met in New York to petition the king to repeal the Stamp Act. The delegates agreed a Declaration of Right which stated that ‘no taxes be imposed on them but with their own consent’.