Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Training and Employment Advise

Vocabulary

Afford: permitirse, antique: antigüedad, barahona: ganga, barter: trocar, bill: cuenta, borrón: tomar, brand ñame: marca, bring in: traer, cash: efectivo, cheap: barato, cheque: cheque, coín: moneda, computer science: informática, credit card: tarjeta de crédito, customer: clienta, deal with: ocuparse, discount: descuento, earn: ganar, environment: medio ambiente, exchange: intercambio, expensive: caro, gift certifícate: cupón, half-price: mitad de precio, keep: guardar, last: durar, lend: prestar, lift: viaje, look after: cuidar, look into: echar un vistazo, make money: ganar dinero, manage money: administra dinero, mobile payment: pago con el móvil, note: billete, offline: fuera de internet, pay back: devolver, pay for:

Phrasal Verbs

• Act on sb’s advice
• Back sth up
• To be up to sth
• Break sth up
• Call for sth
• Come across sth/sb
• Come round
• Cope/deal with sth
• Die out
• Dream sth up
• Fiddle with sth
• Get down to sth
• Go about doing sth
• Go for
• Hold down sth
• Keep up with sth
• Meet up with sth
• Move on

Brain-Mind

• Mind-boggling
• Mind reader
• Brain drain
• Brainchild
• Brain damage
• Never mind
• Brainstorm
• Brainwave
• Brain scan

Dependent Prepositions

• Concerned about
• Inspired by
• Dedicated to
• Terrified of
• Discouraged by
• Worried about/by
• Focused on

• Influenced by
• Frustrated with
• Motivated by
• Opposed to
• Respected for/by
• Confused with/by
• Satisfied with/by/about
• Disappointed with/in
• Committed to
• Approve of

Passive Voice

to be + verb. (participle)

Prest. simple: (is/are) + STOLEN

Prest. continous : (is/are) + BEING + STOLEN

Past simple: (was/were) + STOLEN

MODALS: (MUST/CAN/SHOULD) + BE + STOLEN

- They told me the truth.

- I was told the truth.(Em van dir la veritat.)

- The truth was told to me.

Causative

HAVE/GET + SOMETHING + DONE

- I had my house painted last summer.

- We are getting our car fixed this afternoon.

Impersonal Passive

(say, believe, claim, know, report, think, consider, mention...)

People believe the president is unfair.

It is believed that the president is unfair.

Relative Sentences

DEFINING RELATIVE.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE: entre comas, nunca THAT, nunca se omite el pronombre.

PERSON: who/whom (a quien/a quienes)/that

- The teacher (who) Alice is... Continue reading "English Grammar Rules and Examples" »

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Susan is who failed

THAT: Denis is the boy that has a cat (se puede quitar)

WHICH/THAT: This is the book which/that I read yesterday

WHOSE: That is the girl whose parents went to Paris

WHERE: This is the beach where I went on summer

WHEN: August is the month when I have my holiday

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Marta, who studied a lot, got a 10 in the exam

WHICH: Matilda, which I have read many times, is a really cool book

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

→ Present participle (-ing) replaced by active form

Se quita who’s, that’s…

Do you know who’s studying?

→ Past participle replace passive verbs

Some of the questions that were included were difficult

Who/That→ para personas (quien)

Which/That→para cosas (el cual)... Continue reading "Understanding Relative Clauses: Definitions and Examples" »

Present simple: +play,plays/-don't play,doesn't play/

My worst day was when I fell riding motorcycle, I was fast on the road, and there was a lot of vehicular traffic. At a normal time, I was calm in my lane, then decided to follow my way through half the vehicles when I hit a tire of a truck that I wanted to turn around. At that moment I saw everything in slow motion while I was falling to the ground. After falling, I just thought in, how my motorcycle was?. I after of get up, i saw my motorcycle in the floor

Natural Resources

1. natural resources All the land, forests, energy sources and minerals existing naturally in a place that can be used by people;1. Recursos naturales Todas las tierras, bosques, fuentes de energía y minerales que existen de forma natural en un lugar que puede ser utilizado

Antonio's New York Adventure

Characters

Main Characters

• Antonio: A young man from Spain who moves to New York City.
• Jason: Antonio's best friend, an aspiring actor living in New York City.
• Elaine: A doctoral student at New York University who works as a waitress.

Secondary Characters

• George: A limousine driver who takes Antonio to Jason's house.
• Peter: A Hawaiian friend of Jason's.
• Lin: A shop owner in Chinatown.
• Elise: A piano player at a New Year's party.
• Scott: A fashion photographer.
• Jose Luis: A friend of Antonio's who takes him to Yankee Stadium.

New York City Landmarks

Statue of Liberty

The Statue of Liberty was a gift from the French to the Americans in 1886 to commemorate the centenary of the Declaration of Independence of the United States and as... Continue reading "Antonio's New York Adventure: Exploring the City's Culture and Landmarks" »

Grammar

Present Continuous Tense

I am eating food (yo estoy comiendo)

Are you eating? (estas comiendo)

Stative Verbs

I hate sport (odio los deportes)

Simple Past Tense

He rented a car (el rento un carro)

Simple Past Tense of "to be"

He was tired (el esta cansado)

The party was not good (la fiesta no esta buena)

Sensory Verbs

• Smell (huele)
• Feel (siente)
• Look (ve)
• Taste (sabe)
• Sounds (se oye)

Future "be going to"

We are going to buy a new car (nosotros vamos a comprar un carro nuevo)

Will for Predictions and Immediate Decisions

Will it be windy? (ira a estar vientoso)

Vocabulary

• Frozen = congelado
• Draw = dibujar
• Windy = ventoso
• Coal = carbon
• Rope = cuerda
• Lot of damage = mucho daño
• Self aware = precavido
• Global trade = intercambio global

Conversation

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Business Terminology

General Terms

• Cita: Appointment
• Tarjeta de visita: Business card
• Carrera: Career
• Empresa: Company
• Departamento de Diseño: Design Department
• Empleado: Employee
• Empleador: Employer
• 1ª impresión: First impression
• Departamento Legal: Legal Department
• Placa con nombre: Name plate
• Departamento de Operaciones: Operations Department
• Título: Title

Numbers and Places in the Office

• Cero: Nought/Zero
• Planta baja: Ground floor
• Ascensor: Lift/Elevator
• Sala para clientes: Lobby
• Departamento de Mantenimiento: Maintenance Department
• Escaleras: Stairs
• Habitación para guardar materiales: Storeroom
• Planta última o ático: Top floor
• Almacén: Warehouse

Job Titles

• Jefe de Contabilidad: Chief accountant
• Informático: Computer programmer
• Empleado de Atención/Servicio

Workplace Culture

Culture: The way things are done in a particular area, organization, or social class.

Company/Corporate Culture: The way a company operates and the values it holds important.

Canteen Culture: The way people in an organization, such as the police, think and talk, which is not approved by the organization's leaders.

Long-Hours Culture: A culture where people are expected to work long hours each day.

Macho Culture: Ideas typically associated with masculinity.

Communication Styles

Accessible and Approachable: Easy to reach and talk to.

Distant and Remote, Deference: Distant.

Decision-Making: The process of making decisions.

Team of Equals: A team where everyone is considered equal.

Hierarchical: Organized in a hierarchy.

Management Layers: