Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Training and Employment Advise

English Suffixes

Common suffixes include: -al, -able, -ous, -ful, -less, -ic, -ive, -ed, -ing.

Phrasal Verbs and Expressions

• Apply for: demanar
• Bring up: criar
• Fit in: encaixar
• Grow apart: separar-se
• Live up to: igualar
• Look up to: admirar
• Name after: dir-se com
• Side with: ajuntar-se
• Stand out: ressaltar
• Stay away: mantenir-se a part
• Take after: semblar-se
• Aware of: adonar-se
• Easy-going: de tracte fàcil

The Verb 'Get'

• Get a job: aconseguir feina
• Get along: portar-se bé
• Get an award: rebre un premi
• Get back: tornar
• Get dark: fer-se fosc
• Get divorced: divorciar-se
• Get engaged: prometre's
• Get good marks: treure bones notes
• Get home: arribar a casa
• Get lost: perdre's
• Get old: fer-se gran
• Get permission: obtenir permís
• Get pocket money: rebre diners de butxaca
• Get there:

Essential English Vocabulary

• Accomplishment: èxit / assoliment
• A good sport: que té esportivitat
• Affluent: que té molts diners
• Amount: quantitat
• Afford: permetre econòmicament
• Background: procedència
• Bad loser: mal perdedor
• Bargain: ganga
• Beat: guanyar
• Borrowing: agafar en préstec
• Broke: bancarrota
• Beyond my reach: fora de l’abast
• Can’t help: no poder evitar
• Confidence in: confiança en
• Charge: cobrar
• Cash: diners en efectiu
• Catch up with: atrapar
• Cost of living: cost de vida
• Defeat: derrota
• Devote: dedicar-se
• Discount: descompte
• Draw: empat
• Distressing: que t’amoïna
• Exchanging: intercanvi
• Effect on: efecte en
• Enhance: millorar
• Excel: destacar
• Flee: fugir
• Gift: talent / regal
• Grateful: agraït
• Go in for: practicar / estar interessat
• Guidance: consell / orientació
• Hold

OBLIGATION

Must ++ deber : eterno, leyes

Have to: obligacion dia a dia : no hay obligacion

Must (deber) y Can't (poder): cuando algo esta prohibido

Should (deberia): sugerencia

POSIBILIDAD

Could: (podria) cuando algo es posible

May: (puede) cuando algo es posible

Can't/Cannot: cuando es imposible

CERTEZA

Will/Won't: algo que es seguro que va a pasar

Should: (ocurrira) retonadamente cierto

Pasado Perfecto: (modals)

- modals + has/have + tercera columna

PASSIVE

Communication Idioms and Phrases

• Chinese whispers (el joc del telèfon): Misinformation spread through retelling.
• Get hold of: Localitzar (To locate or contact someone).
• Get/give the low-down: Donar tots els detalls (To give or receive detailed information).
• Hear through the grapevine: Sentir de forma informal (To hear news unofficially).
• Hit the airwaves: Fer públic (To broadcast on radio or TV).
• Megaphone diplomacy: Amenaçar públicament, no directament (Public threats instead of direct negotiation).
• Out of touch: Estar desconnectat d’algú (Not knowing recent developments).
• Put someone in the picture: Posar al dia algú sobre un tema (To inform someone).
• Spread like wildfire: Estendre’s com la pólvora (To spread very quickly).
• Stool pigeon:

English Relative Clauses: Essential Grammar Rules

Defining Relative Clauses

Las cláusulas relativas defining aportan información esencial sobre la persona, lugar o cosa a la que se refiere el hablante. Sin esta información, el significado de la oración sería incompleto o ambiguo.

Relative Pronouns and Adverbs for Defining Clauses

• Persona: who
• Cosa: that / which
• Lugar: where
• Tiempo: when
• Posesión: whose

Omission of Relative Pronouns

El pronombre relativo se puede omitir solo en las cláusulas defining cuando hace la función de complemento. El pronombre whose nunca se puede omitir.

Ejemplo:

• He is the man who we met yesterday in the supermarket.
• He is the man we met yesterday in the supermarket. (El pronombre 'who' se omite)

Non-Defining Relative Clauses

Las... Continue reading "Mastering English Grammar: Verb Tenses & Relative Clauses" »

Fruits: apple, orange, lemon, strawberry, peach, melon, pear, banana, grapes, pineapple, cherry / Vegetables: potato, green beans, peas, carrot, cauliflower, pepper, cabbage, aubergine, mushrooms, courgette / Salad: lettuce, tomato, cucumber, vinegar, oil / Meat: cow-beef, calf-veal, lamb-chuletillas, lamb, pig-pork / Shellfish: shrimp, oyster, lobster, mussels / Ways to Cook: boil (hervir), fry (freir), grill, roast, bake / Done: rare (crudo), medium-rare, medium, well-done / Describing: tasty, bland, sweet, bitter, salty, unsalty, hot, spicy, bland, fresh, out of date, tender, tough, fatty, lean / Dishes: aperitif, starter, main course, dessert / Payment: bill (cuenta), tip (propina), book (reservar) / Films: pretends (fingir), set in (ambientada)... Continue reading "Food, Cooking, Films, Grammar: Vocabulary and Concepts" »

Store brands lift grocers in troubled times.

Abortion on demand a step too far for Spanish right.

How's my driving? ask my car.

How racist is Britain?

Amphibians may soon disappear.

Britain'

LESSICO 6

Film and Media Terminology

• Accountability: Responsible for your decisions or actions and expected to explain them when asked.
• Set the agenda: A list of items to be discussed at a meeting.
• Archival footage: Material from the past that can be used in other films.
• Audio engineer: A person whose job is to alter and balance the levels of different sounds as they are recorded.
• Axe: To get rid of a service.
• Back: Give help or support.
• Ban: Decide or say that something is not allowed.
• Bid: Offer a service for a price, in competition with others.
• Boom: Increase in economic activity.
• Expose corruption: Reveal illegal or dishonest behavior.
• Cover-up: Action taken to hide a mistake from the public.
• Lack of credibility: Absence of the quality that makes people

The Fortune-Teller

The fortune-teller el adivino John, look. There's a fortune-teller in that tent. Let's go in. John, mira. Hay una adivina en esa tienda. Entremos. Welcome boys. I'm Miss Larissa. Have a seat. What would you like to know? Bienvenidos chicos. Soy la señorita Larissa. Toma asiento. ¿Qué te gustaría saber? Of course not. It's just for fun. Come on. Por supuesto no. Es solo por diversión. Venga. You can't be serious Don't tell me you actually believe that stuff! No puedes estar en serio No me digas que realmente crees eso! You'll also get married and have two beautiful children. También te casarás y tendrás dos hermosos hijos. Will I be successful? ¿Seré exitoso? Hmm my crystal ball says that you'll become a doctor. Hmm... Continue reading "Discover Chile: An 8-Day Adventure" »

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