Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Training and Employment Advise

First Day at School: A Child's Perspective

This section describes the first day of school for a small, three-year-old boy. He experiences feelings of fear, loneliness, confusion, and feeling tiny. As a young child, he perceives other children as very big and observes them playing aggressive games, often excluding him.

He misunderstands the concept of a 'teacher,' believing she is 'the girl who serves tea' (tea-cher). Initially, he believes school fences are there to keep out monsters or wolves. However, he later reflects on whether their true purpose is to keep the children away from school.

Key Vocabulary from "First Day at School"

• Be/feel at home: sentir-se com a casa (to feel at home)
• Rough: aspre, agressiu (harsh, aggressive)
• Swallow up: amenaça

English Conditional Sentences

0) Zero Conditional: If + Present Simple, + Present Simple (If you heat water at 100, it boils)

1) First Conditional: If + Present Simple, + will + Infinitive (If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the beach)

2) Second Conditional: If + Past Simple, + would + Infinitive (If I won the lottery, I’d buy an island)

3) Third Conditional: If + Past Perfect, + would have + Past Participle (If you had studied, you would have passed)

m) Mixed Conditional: If + Past Perfect, + would + Infinitive (If you hadn’t drunk that much, you wouldn’t have a hangover now)

Reported Speech and Reporting Verbs

• Announce, believe, complain, declare, insist, state + that
• Persuade, remind, inform, warn + someone + that
• Agree, offer, promise, refuse,

REVIEW: [Piece Title] - A Compelling Watch

I hardly ever watch television; I lack the patience. But some weeks ago, I came across [Piece Title] and watched it to the end. [Piece Title] has kept me glued to my TV screen since. Its compelling plot shows how...

The one thing I might be less enthusiastic about is... Still, [Piece Title] is arguably the best [Genre] of the decade. Rather than recommending it to everyone, I would suggest it to those who want to.... But that is my opinion; everyone is entitled to their own.

Cover Letter

Dear Hiring Manager,

I saw your online advertisement for a ... and would like to apply. As [Company Name] is a leader in the ... industry, I would love the opportunity to take on this role and help develop your....

I am... Continue reading "The Impact of Social Media and Binge-Watching on Modern Society" »

Vocabulary

Afford: permitirse, antique: antigüedad, barahona: ganga, barter: trocar, bill: cuenta, borrón: tomar, brand ñame: marca, bring in: traer, cash: efectivo, cheap: barato, cheque: cheque, coín: moneda, computer science: informática, credit card: tarjeta de crédito, customer: clienta, deal with: ocuparse, discount: descuento, earn: ganar, environment: medio ambiente, exchange: intercambio, expensive: caro, gift certifícate: cupón, half-price: mitad de precio, keep: guardar, last: durar, lend: prestar, lift: viaje, look after: cuidar, look into: echar un vistazo, make money: ganar dinero, manage money: administra dinero, mobile payment: pago con el móvil, note: billete, offline: fuera de internet, pay back: devolver, pay for:

Passive Voice

to be + verb. (participle)

Prest. simple: (is/are) + STOLEN

Prest. continous : (is/are) + BEING + STOLEN

Past simple: (was/were) + STOLEN

MODALS: (MUST/CAN/SHOULD) + BE + STOLEN

- They told me the truth.

- I was told the truth.(Em van dir la veritat.)

- The truth was told to me.

Causative

HAVE/GET + SOMETHING + DONE

- I had my house painted last summer.

- We are getting our car fixed this afternoon.

Impersonal Passive

(say, believe, claim, know, report, think, consider, mention...)

People believe the president is unfair.

It is believed that the president is unfair.

Relative Sentences

DEFINING RELATIVE.

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE: entre comas, nunca THAT, nunca se omite el pronombre.

PERSON: who/whom (a quien/a quienes)/that

- The teacher (who) Alice is... Continue reading "English Grammar Rules and Examples" »

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Susan is who failed

THAT: Denis is the boy that has a cat (se puede quitar)

WHICH/THAT: This is the book which/that I read yesterday

WHOSE: That is the girl whose parents went to Paris

WHERE: This is the beach where I went on summer

WHEN: August is the month when I have my holiday

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Marta, who studied a lot, got a 10 in the exam

WHICH: Matilda, which I have read many times, is a really cool book

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

→ Present participle (-ing) replaced by active form

Se quita who’s, that’s…

Do you know who’s studying?

→ Past participle replace passive verbs

Some of the questions that were included were difficult

Who/That→ para personas (quien)

Which/That→para cosas (el cual)... Continue reading "Understanding Relative Clauses: Definitions and Examples" »

English Grammar Rules

Adjective Order

Opinion, Size, Shape, Age, Colour, Origin, Material, Purpose.

Verb Patterns

• Be used to + -ing: Estar acostumbrado a.
• Get used to + -ing: Acostumbrarse a.
• Used to + infinitive: Solía.
• Suggest + that + subject + infinitive.
• Verb + object + to + infinitive: Advise, ask, beg, encourage, order, persuade, remind, warn, invite, tell.
• Verb + object + that + clause: Claim, admit, say, explain, promise, declare, insist, reveal, add, recommend, tell, remind, warn.
• Verb + gerund: Admit, deny, suggest, recommend.
• Verb + preposition + gerund: Accuse of, apologize for, blame for, congratulate on, insist on.
• Verb + to + infinitive: Agree, decide, offer, promise, refuse, threaten.

Gerunds vs. Infinitives

• Gerunds: Used after prepositions,

Configuración Básica

Siga estos pasos para la configuración inicial del dispositivo:

R# configure terminal
R(config)# hostname HQ
HQ(config)# no ip domain-lookup
HQ(config)# enable secret class
HQ(config)# banner motd "Bienvenido"
HQ(config)# line console 0
HQ(config-line)# password cisco
HQ(config-line)# login
HQ(config-line)# line vty 0 4
HQ(config-line)# password cisco
HQ(config-line)# login
HQ(config-line)# logging synchronous
HQ(config-line)# exec-timeout 15
HQ(config-line)# exit
HQ(config)# copy running-config startup-config

Configuración de Interfaces

HQ(config)# interface FastEthernet0/0
HQ(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.129 255.255.255.128
HQ(config-if)# no shutdown
HQ(config-if)# exit

Enrutamiento Estático

ISP(config)# ip route 10.

OSPF Configuration

Red directamente conectada: 172.16.0.0/16

Router> en
Router#conf term
Router(config)# router ospf 1
Router(config-router)# network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0
Router(config-router)# network <dirección-red> <máscara-wildcard> area 0 <em>/* Si hay más redes conectadas directamente</em>
Router(config-router)# exit
Router(config)# exit

Configuración de Hostname

router> enable
router# configure terminal
router(config)# hostname <nombre>
<nombre>(config)#

Configurar Contraseñas "Enable Secret" y "Enable Password"

RouterA> enable
RouterA# configure terminal
RouterA(config)# enable secret <contraseña> <em>/* Configura la contraseña Enable Secret</em>
RouterA(config)

Key Incoterms and Responsibility Definitions

ExW – Ex Works

The delivery takes place at the seller’s premises. This term represents the minimum obligation for the seller.

• Delivery Location: Seller’s premises.
• Seller's Risk/Cost: The seller will not assume any type of risk.
• Buyer's Risk/Cost: Transport, freight, taxes, and insurance belong entirely to the buyer.
• Governing Law: Laws of the place of the seller’s premises are followed.
• Example: ExW Madrid

FCA – Free Carrier

The seller delivers the goods, prepared for export, to the buyer’s nominated carrier at the specified place. This Incoterm requires specifying the exact location where the delivery will take place.

• Delivery Point: Specified place where the goods are handed to the carrier.
• Cost