Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Other subjects

What is IFR?

IFR is classified as anything less than VFR

IFR Rating Privileges:

• Fly in IMC
• VFR OTT
• Class A airspace

Expiry?

• An IFR rating DOES NOT EXPIRE

Validity?

• Valid for 24 months (not the 1st day of the 25th month)
• Before the 1st day of the 13th month, you need 6 hours IFR and 6 approaches to minimums in the past 6 months.
• This can be simulated IFR, in a certified SIM, etc.
• After 24 months you need to do an Instrument Proficiency Check (IPC) with an instructor

IFR Group Ratings:

• Group 1: Multi Engine IFR, Multi Engine Centreline Thrust IFR, and Single engine IFR
• Group 2: Multi Engine Centreline thrust IFR and single engine IFR
• Group 3: Single Engine IFR only
• Group 4: Helicopter IFR only

Aircraft Requirements:

1. Attitude indicator
2. Vertical speed indicator
3. OAT

Essential Business English Vocabulary

Avoid pitfalls: To prevent mistakes or problems in a situation.

Build team spirit: To think or act with loyalty to your team.

Cash in on: To get money or another advantage from an event or situation.

Check-in: To show your ticket at the airport so you can be told where you will be sitting and so that your bags can be put on the aircraft.

Flight status: The current situation regarding when an aircraft is making a particular journey.

Get off to a dreadful start: To begin an activity badly.

Loyalty programme: A scheme rewarding customers.

Review: A report that contains important information about an activity.

Search engine: A computer program that finds information on the internet.

Social Network: A website that allows... Continue reading "Essential Business English Vocabulary: Definitions & Examples" »

The Quality Management System and After-Sales Service

The QMS is a management system for a customer-focused organization that involves all employees in a continuous process of improvement. It integrates quality into all company activities. To achieve this, it is necessary to set up quality standards, procedures, and work practices. The goal is to maintain a competitive advantage, evaluate a company's performance, and achieve business excellence. The international standard that reflects a quality management system is the ISO 9000 Certification. Every company that has passed the quality audit and is registered for ISO 9000 gets a certificate. This certificate guarantees a quality standard and transmits confidence in the products and services offered... Continue reading "Quality Management System & After-Sales Service Structure" »

Marketing Communications

1. Target Audience

Who are they?

2. Communication Objectives

Awareness, knowledge, preference, satisfaction

3. Effective Communications

Advertising, publicity, sales promotion, personal selling.

Effective Advertising: 10 Rules

1. Consumer-oriented
2. One selling idea
3. Emphasizes the most persuasive idea
4. Presents a unique proposition
5. Involves the consumer
6. Credible
7. Simple and clear
8. Associates the selling idea with the brand name
9. Exploits the medium
10. Makes the sale

5 M's of Advertising

• Mission
• Money
• Message
• Media
• Measurement

Sponsorship

• Credibility (provides validity)
• Imitation
• Image
• Bonding (involvement of customers)
• Retention (enduring awareness and exposure)

General Marketing

• Mass audience through mass media
• Impersonal communications
• Promotional programs
• Incomplete

Functional vs. Non-Functional Requirements

Functional Requirements define functionality for users, using natural language.

Non-Functional Requirements define quality attributes such as:

• Usability
• Reliability
• Efficiency & Performance
• Hardware & Software Constraints

Requirements

Requirements state what software does, not how it does it; this avoids unnecessary constraints.

Design Patterns

A design pattern is a reusable solution to a recurring problem.

Types of Requirements

• Business Requirements: High-level, describe business objectives, and do not describe functionality.
• User Requirements: Describe the tasks users need to accomplish. Multiple user requirements may relate to one business requirement.
• Software Features: Groups of logically related functional

2.1) compute d magnitude of d 4ced response 4 d 2 cases ω = 2.1 rad>s &
ω = 2.5 rad>sec

2.2) compute d 2tal response of d system if d driving frequency is 2.5 rad>s & d
initial position & velocity r both zero

2.3)compute d response of a spring–mass system modeled by equ8on (2.2) 2 a 4ce of
magnitude 23 n,driving frequency of twice d natural frequency
2.5)calcul8 d natural frequency & d driving frequency of d system.

2.6)an airplane wing modeled as a spring–mass system with natural frequency 40 hz is driven harmonically by d rot8on of its engines @ 39.9 hz

2.7)compute d 2tal response of a spring–mass system with d following values: k 1000 n>m,m = 10 kg

2.8)compute d 2tal response of a spring–mass system with d following... Continue reading "Analysis of Spring-Mass Systems and Damping Effects" »

Wheelchair: a chair with wheels in which someone can sit and move around.

Scalpel: a small sharp-pointed knife used in surgery.

Probe: an instrument used to explore inside a cavity or wound.

Forceps: a surgical instrument with handles like a pair of scissors, made in different sizes and with differently shaped ends, used for holding and pulling.

Curette: a surgical instrument like a long thin spoon, used for scraping the inside of an organ.

Pipette: a thin glass tube used for taking and measuring samples of liquid.

Tourniquet: an instrument or tight bandage wrapped around a limb to constrict an artery, reducing the flow of blood and stopping bleeding from a wound.

Hook: a surgical instrument with a bent end used for holding structures apart in operations.

Accuracy and Fluency

Accuracy

Accuracy refers to the ability to speak or write without making mistakes, ensuring correct grammar and vocabulary. In accuracy-focused activities, teachers provide corrections to help students understand their errors.

Fluency

Fluency is the ability to produce rapid, flowing, natural speech, though it may not always be grammatically correct. Fluency activities prioritize communication over perfect accuracy.

Teaching and Learning Processes

Action Research

Action research involves teachers experimenting with new methods and studying the results to determine their effectiveness.

Acquisition

Acquisition is the subconscious process of learning a language without explicit awareness, similar to how children learn their first language.... Continue reading "Essential Terms for English Language Teaching" »

Lesson 1: Introduction to Marketing

• Nature of Marketing

  Emphasizes achieving corporate goals through meeting customer needs.

• Customer Value

  Focuses on the balance between benefits and sacrifices.

• Types of Value

  Differentiates between price, performance, emotional, and relational value.

• Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty

  Importance of exceeding customer expectations.

• Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

  Utilizing CRM systems for better customer interaction.

• Evolution of Marketing

  From product-focused to technology and humanity-focused approaches.

• Societal and Sustainable Marketing

  Marketing that improves consumer and societal well-being.

• Market Orientation

  The difference between market-oriented and internally oriented businesses.

Lesson 2: Marketing Planning