Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Social sciences

Foundations of Early Civilizations

Pastoralism is the domestication and herding of animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle. It emerged once humans established themselves in one place for extended periods, a process known as sedentism. The slash-and-burn technique, where ash from burned trees fertilized the soil, was another early agricultural method.

Defining Civilization and State

A civilization is a complex society characterized by agricultural surpluses, which enable specialized labor, social hierarchies, and the establishment of cities. Key markers include:

• Writing systems
• Developed religious systems
• Sophisticated architecture
• Centralized political power

A state is an organized community governed by a single political structure.

Societal Structures

In my opinion, technology, like cell phones or computers, is very useful nowadays if used in a good way.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Technological Devices

First of all, these kinds of devices have both positive and negative aspects.

Proper Use of Technological Devices

Secondly, these devices were intended for academic and social purposes, not for wasting time.

Enhancing Education with Technology

Finally, education should be based on these technological devices to make it easier for students and to foster better communication between teachers and students.

Conclusion

In conclusion, technological devices are essential and important today for communication, studying, and searching for information.

Ebb-

to diminish

Ecclesiastical-

having to do with church

Eclipse-

to block the light of

Ecosystem-

a community of organisms

Edict-

an official decree

Edifice-

a big, imposing building

Effectual-

effective

Efficacy-

effectiveness

Effigy-

a likeness of person

Elation-

a feeling of great joy

Electorate-

the voters

Elegy-

a mournful poem or music

Elite-

the best selected group

Elocution-

the art of public speaking

Emaciate-

to make extremely thin through starvation or illness

Emanate-

to come forth

Emancipate-

to liberate

Embargo-

a government suspending foreign trade

Embellish-

to adorn

Embody-

to personify

Embroil-

to involve in conflict

Embryonic-

undeveloped

Emissary-

a messenger sent to represent another

Empathy-

identification with the feelings of another

Empower-

to give power or authority... Continue reading "Vocabulary List: Words Starting with E" »

Theoretical Background

The learning of English at an early age is becoming more and more commonplace in the Spanish educational system. However, this contrasts with the situation in other European countries where they start the teaching of a foreign language in primary education. Actually, there is no real evidence that demonstrates the effect of age on learners’ second language achievement, that is, whether learners who begin learning as children are able to reach higher levels of L2 ability than those who start learning in adolescence or adulthood.

Studies on Age and Language Acquisition

According to Clavel-Arroitia, several studies in the literature examine the effects of starting foreign language education in primary school compared with... Continue reading "Age and Second Language Acquisition: Is Earlier Really Better?" »

Technology's Impact on Modern Life

Wearable Technology: Convenience and Concerns

Nowadays, almost everyone has a laptop. We also use watches as if they were mobile phones, so technology is something we are used to seeing in our day-to-day lives. It's a fact that technology is no longer confined to our desktops. From my point of view, wearable technology is integrated into all aspects of our lives, making them easier, even though it carries risks.

Benefits of Wearable Devices

• Enhanced Convenience: Streamlines daily tasks and provides quick access to information.
• Health Monitoring: Tracks fitness, sleep, and vital signs, promoting well-being.
• Seamless Integration: Blends into our routines, often unnoticed.

Risks and Challenges of Wearables

• Privacy Concerns:

Regional Organizations and the Chinese Economy

Q5. Objectives of Establishing Regional Organizations

The objectives of establishing regional organizations are:

1. To achieve regional development on par with the rapidly growing global economy.
2. To accelerate economic growth through social progress and cultural development.
3. To promote regional peace and stability based on the rule of law and the principles of the United Nations Charter.

Q6. Influence of Geographical Proximity on Regional Organizations

Geographical proximity influences the formation of regional organizations because:

1. Countries within a region often face similar challenges. For example, Southeast Asian countries experienced the economic and political consequences of colonialism before and

Eliot attributed a great deal of his early style to the French Symbolists—Rimbaud, Baudelaire, Mallarmé, and Laforgue—whom he first encountered in college, in a book by Arthur Symons called The Symbolist Movement in Literature. It is easy to understand why a young aspiring poet would want to imitate these glamorous bohemian figures, but their ultimate effect on his poetry is perhaps less profound than he claimed. While he took from them their ability to infuse poetry with high intellectualism while maintaining a sensuousness of language, Eliot also developed a great deal that was new and original. His early works, like “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” and The Waste Land, draw on a wide range of cultural reference to depict a modern... Continue reading "The Evolution of T.S. Eliot's Poetry" »