Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other subjects

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Core and Distinctive Competencies

• Resources: An organization’s assets, and thus the basic building blocks of the organization. They can be tangible or intangible.
• Capabilities: Refer to a corporation’s ability to exploit its resources. They consist of business processes and routines that manage the interaction among resources to turn inputs into outputs.
• Core Competency: A collection of competencies that cross divisional boundaries, is widespread throughout the corporation, and is something the corporation does exceedingly well.
• Distinctive Competency: Core competencies that are superior to those of the competition.

Using Resources to Gain Competitive Advantage

1. Identify and classify resources in terms of strengths and weaknesses.
2. Combine the firm’s

Administrative Models

Total Quality Management (TQM)

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a managerial innovation that emphasizes an organization's total commitment to the customer and to continuous improvement of every process through the use of data-driven, problem-solving approaches based on the empowerment of employee groups and teams.

The core of TQM is the customer-supplier interface, both externally and internally, and at each interface lie a number of processes.

This core must be surrounded by a commitment to quality, communication of the quality message, and recognition of the need to change the culture of the organization to create total quality.

These are the foundations of TQM, and they are supported by the key management functions of people,... Continue reading "Administrative Models: TQM and Just In Time Strategies" »

Introduction

What is a Project?

A project is a single, complex, unique task that is limited in costs and time and has predefined goals and assigned resources. It starts from an idea that needs to be prepared and planned, then performed to achieve a goal within a fixed cost/time/quality arrangement. A project is a temporary enterprise, characterized by a high intensity of human and material resources, unique aims, unique participants, and unique tools.

Project Participants

Direct Participants:

• Client
• Designer (Architect, Structural Engineer, Civil Engineer, Mechanical Engineer, Electrical Engineer)
• Contractor (General Contractor, Subcontractors)

Indirect Participants:

• Authorities (Public Services)
• Financing Organizations
• Insurance Companies

External Participants:

Module 5: Master Plan

Master Plan: Port potential and infrastructure

Registers the port's potential development for 20 years or more, focusing on infrastructure, as a result of evaluating different alternatives and being coherent with the previous strategic port analysis.

Basic elements

• Traffic prospects
• Current port capacity and evolution
• Different infrastructure evaluations and access to satisfy demand

Traffic

Traffic has 2 goals:

• Port development planning
• Income budget, very important for the financial evaluation of the plan

You must have at hand the port tariff structure.

Classification

Classification: Nature, Presentation, Objective/Destination.

Disaggregation

Disaggregation:

• Sectors - Products: Liquid and dry bulk
• General: Containerized; Non-Containerized;

Basics of Project Management

What is Project Management?

Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations.

Project Constraints

Scope/Cost/Time/Quality

Systems and Standards for Project Management

1. PMBOK Guide by PMI (Project Management Institute)
2. Books of the FIDIC (Fédération Internationale des Ingénieurs-Conseils = International Federation of Consulting Engineers)
3. ISO standards

Project Life-Cycle

(Phases, Sequence, Processes - Use diagrams!)

1. Project Management Processes
   • Initiating processes
   • Planning processes
   • Executing processes
   • Controlling processes
   • Closing processes
2. Product-Oriented Processes

Nine Knowledge Areas of Project Management (According

Ann Matear's Research on Chilean Education Policy (2007)

Study 1: Equity in Education in Chile

Publication Details

• Title: Equity in education in Chile: The tensions between policy and practice.
• Year: 2007

Context and Objectives

This study examined education policy in Chile during the 1990s, following the return to democracy, specifically through an equity perspective. Policies were designed to encourage national development, social mobility, and equitable access to a quality educational system.

Methodology and Data Sources

Information was gathered from the Ministry of Education website, utilizing national statistics to demonstrate:

• Student enrollment trends.
• Levels of state and private investment in education.
• The changing distribution of educational

What is Work-Life Balance?

One of the most popular topics of debate in the world today is the necessity to ensure a proper work-life balance. As the word suggests, it is basically about the right amount of balance between family and work. A person should be able to provide equal attention to both their professional as well as their personal lives.

Why Work-Life Balance Matters

With a well-maintained work-life balance, both the employee and the employer benefit. Conflict in either the professional or the personal life of a person would affect both their work as well as their family lives. It induces more stress in a person and hence also affects their productivity in a company. A poor work-life balance even results in an increase in the number... Continue reading "Achieving Work-Life Balance" »

Cognitive Principles: Mental and Intellectual Functions

1. Automaticity: Achieving Efficient Second Language Control

Automaticity refers to moving from controlled, conscious processing to efficient, automatic control in second language learning, minimizing the need to overthink.

Importance of Automaticity

• Subconscious absorption of language.
• Rapid movement from focusing on the forms of language to focusing on its purpose.
• Shifting from limited control of a few bits to a relatively automatic mode of processing.
• Reduced resistance to analyzing language forms.

2. Meaningful Learning vs. Rote Learning

Meaningful learning, opposed to rote learning, ensures that associative links create stronger retention.

Classroom Implications

• Appeal to students' interests,

Building Consent: Types of Permits and Procedures

Types of Permit Proceedings:

• Preliminary building permit (Location, Form, Function)
• Building permit (categorized by the governing authority)
• Simplified building permit
• Demolition permit
• Continuance permit
• Complex permit
• Report

Site Visit Requirements

The authority is obligated to visit the building site in cases involving new construction or the rebuilding of an existing structure.

Permit Request Contents:

• Address
• Type of request
• Subject of the request
• Number of buildings and functional units
• Previous permits associated with the building or site

Required Annexes:

• Verification of property usage rights
• Architectural documentation
• Statement from the architect
• Advisory opinion from the planning committee
• Verification