Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other subjects

1) E(???????? + ????) = ∑ (???????????? + ????)????(???? = ????????)     2) 

????????????

(????) = ????[(???? − ????͓)² ]

= ∑ ????????????????(???? = ????????) + ∑ ????????(???? = ????????)              =????[????²+(????͓)²− 2????͓ ????]

= ????∑ ????????????(???? = ????????) + ???? ∑ ????(???? = ????????)             

=????[????]²+????͓²− 2????͓ ????[????]

= ????????(????) + ????  

=????[????]²−????͓²

 = ???????????? + c

3) ????????????(???????? + ????) = ????{[(???????? + ????) − (a????͓ + ????)]²}     6) ????????????(????, ????) 

= ????{[????(???? − ????͓)] ²}                                             

=????[(????– ????͓)(???? − ????͓)] 

=????² ????[(... Continue reading "Understanding Expected Values and Covariance in Probability and Statistics" »

Becoming an Intelligent Company: 5 Steps

1. Identify the strategic objective and information need: Tools such as Balanced Scorecards and Strategy Maps can be used to identify high-level objectives.

2. Collecting and organizing the data: There are many methodologies for collecting data, which can be quantitative and qualitative.

3. Turning data into information and insights: Data has to be analyzed and put into context to extract information and insights.

4. Communicating information and insights: This step focuses on communicating the information and insights extracted in step three.

5. Turning information into actionable knowledge: This often requires a cultural transformation.

Balanced Scorecards

A strategic planning and management system used to align business... Continue reading "Becoming an Intelligent Company: Knowledge Management and High-Performance Teams" »

m=m.D

%mac=(le mac to cg/mac).100

shifting mass     

m/M=d/D                 m->mass of the load being shifted

                                M->a/c mass

                                d->distance of the CG is being shifted

                                D->distance of the mass is shifted

ADDING OR REMOVING LOAD

m/Mnew=d/Darm to CGO        m/Mold=d/Darm to CGN

m->mass aded or substracted

Mo->original airplane mass

Mn->new airplane mass

d->distance the CG moves

Darm to CGO->distance between the arm where the load is added or

                        substracted to the original CG

Darm to... Continue reading "Mass and balance" »

1. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)

1.1 ICAO Documents

• Chicago Convention
• Second Freedom: Freedom to fly over any territory
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) established in 1944

1.2 ICAO's Role

• Provides the basis for national rules and regulations

1.3 ICAO Annexes

• Annex 6: Operation of Aircraft
• Annex 8: Part 147
• 18 technical annexes accepted in 1944

2. European Commission and EASA

2.1 European Commission

• Independent institution of the European Union

2.2 EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency)

• Responsible for safety in the EU
• Headquartered in Cologne, Germany

2.3 EASA Management

• Consists of one representative from each EU member state and one from the European Commission

2.4 Role of Member States

• Provide expertise and certification

2.

The 7 C's of Effective Communication

Effective communication relies on a set of key principles known as the 7 C's:

1. Clarity

   Ensure your message is easily understood by avoiding jargon and complex language.

2. Conciseness

   Communicate your message efficiently, respecting the audience's time.

3. Completeness

   Provide all necessary information to avoid misunderstandings.

4. Correctness

   Maintain credibility by using accurate information and proper grammar.

5. Coherence

   Present your message logically, connecting ideas smoothly.

6. Consideration

   Show empathy and tailor your message to the recipient's understanding.

7. Courtesy

   Use polite and respectful language, mindful of cultural differences.

Barriers to Effective Communication

Several obstacles can hinder communication:

1. Language Barriers

   Differences

Normal shock wave leads - to total turbulence behind shock wave

How to calculate drag coefficient - ratio between drag pressure to dynamic pressure

Turbulence caused by wing vortices absorb - increased induced drag

Induced drag reduced - higher aspect ratio

Lift augmentation devices - increase lift at slow speed (takeoff landing)

Wing fences used to reduce - effects of span-wise flow

Directional stability - sweepback of wing and vertical tail

Control surfaces give longitudinal control - elevators

Acceleration - change of velocity divided by time during which change occurs

Resistance of skin friction of air passes - parasite drag

Lift produced by an airfoil is resultant - relative wind

Types of stability - dynamic and static

Generally center of pressure

ESGW In Services

Media: General - Crisis - Social

January: Health, Safety, and Employee Rights

• Bloodborne Pathogens
• Employee Rights and Responsibilities (Employer/Team Member Relationship, Team Member Responsibilities)
• Safety and Loss Control (Safety and Loss Control Program)

February: Environmental Factors and Legal Matters

• Identification of Unsafe Environmental Factors
• Subpoenas, Search Warrants, and Other Investigations
• Environmental Awareness (Hazard Identification, Assess the Risk, Making the Changes, Making Decisions, Safety Culture)

March: Material Safety and Disability Awareness

• Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
• Disability Awareness
• Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
• Hazard Communications (Safety Data Sheets, Team Member Responsibilities)

April: Abuse, Neglect,

first 

Production Objectives

The main objectives of production are:

1. Right Quality
2. Right Quantity
3. Timeliness
4. Low Manufacturing Cost

Objectives of Production Management

1. To provide customer service
2. Effective utilization of resources
3. To reduce cost of production
4. To improve product quality
5. To fix time schedule
6. Proper utilization of Machinery
7. Material control

Production System Cycle

1. Production is a well-organized activity with pre-established objectives.
2. The production system converts the various inputs into outputs.
3. Production function is integrated with other activities of the organization.
4. A feedback system is necessary to control and improve the system performance.
5. It is a continuous process.

Important Points in Plant Layout

1. Need for plant expansion.
2. Protection of operation

Introduction to Quality Management

**Quality Evolution**. The concept of quality has always existed. Initially, artisans crafted final products from raw materials, guided by their own ideas. The Industrial Revolution followed, bringing with it "Taylorism." This led to increased productivity but decreased quality. A lack of competition meant quality was not a primary concern. Consumers had limited choices and often had to accept lower-quality products.

As competition emerged, quality became a differentiator, leading to the introduction of quality inspectors. Here's a breakdown of the evolution:

1. Product Inspection (1920s)

This initial phase focused on separating acceptable products from defective ones. Two primary methods were used:

• 100% Inspection: