Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other languages

Zgodovina Linuxa in projekt GNU

1. Kdo je avtor Linuxa? Katerega leta je Linux nastal? V katerem programskem jeziku ga je napisal?

Finski študent Linus Torvalds (takrat star 21 let) je leta 1991 za hobi napisal svoj operacijski sistem v programskem jeziku C.

2. Kateri OS je na začetku Linux posnemal?

Minix OS.

3. Kakšno vrsto licence je imel Linux čisto na začetku in kakšno vrsto licence od leta 1992?

• Na začetku je bil objavljen pod licenco, ki je prepovedovala komercialno rabo.
• Od leta 1992 naprej ga je Linus objavil pod licenco GNU GPL.

4. Kaj je GNU?

• GNU pomeni »GNU is Not Unix« (rekurzivni akronim).
• GNU je Unixu podoben (Unix-like) operacijski sistem, ki je sestavljen izključno iz prostega programja.

5. Kaj je projekt GNU?

• Projekt GNU je

Klasicizam

Klasicizam je književno razdoblje koje se javlja u Francuskoj i traje od sredine 17. st. do kraja 18. st., a glavna obilježja su racionalnost, moralnost i didaktičnost. Klasicistička poetika nalaže da se književnost ponovno okrene antičkim uzorima, da poštuje Aristotelovu poetiku jedinstva mjesta, vremena i radnje, da bude poučna te da ističe opće vrline i mane nad jedinstvenim. Za razliku od baroka, klasicizam teži jednostavnosti i preciznosti stila. U to vrijeme pišu se samo drame od 5 činova, a najvažniji predstavnici su tragičari Racine i Corneille, te komediografi Moliere i Goldoni.

Racine i tragedija Fedra

Racine je napisao Fedru, tragediju u 5 činova koja se bavi temom ljudske razapetosti između strasti i krivnje.... Continue reading "Klasicizam i prosvjetiteljstvo: književna razdoblja i njihovi predstavnici" »

Autores y obras en lengua española

Poesía y novela

• Pere Gimferrer: La muerte en Beverly Hills, Arde el mar (novela)
• Guillermo Carnero: Dibujo de la muerte, El sueño de Escipión (novela)
• Antonio Colinas: Astrolabio (1970)

Narrativa contemporánea

• Álvaro Pombo: La fortuna de Matilda Turpin (2006)
• Juan José Millás: El sueño del cielo de Pátinir (2001), 2 meses en Praga (2001)
• Julio Llamazares: El cielo de Madrid (2005), En mitad de la nada, Alumbramientos
• Lucía Etxebarria: Beatriz y los cuerpos celestes (1998)
• Juan Manuel de Prada: Las máscaras del héroe (1996)
• Javier Cercas: Soldados de Salamina (2001)
• María Dueñas: El tiempo entre costuras (2009)
• Espido Freire: La flor del norte (2011)
• Luis Mateo Díez: Las estaciones provinciales, La fuente

Hip Muscles

Psoas Major

• Origin: Lumbar vertebrae (0.d12.5l)
• Insertion: Lesser trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion

Iliacus

• Origin: Iliac fossa
• Insertion: Lesser trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion

Gluteus Minimus

• Origin: External iliac fossa
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation

Gluteus Medius

• Origin: External iliac fossa
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion, abduction, extension

Gluteus Maximus

• Origin: Sacrum and coccyx, external iliac fossa (superficial plane); fascia lata and gluteal aponeurosis (deep plane)
• Insertion: Greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity (linea aspera)
• Action: Hip extension, external rotation

Tensor Fasciae Latae

• Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
• Insertion: Iliotibial tract (Gerdy's tubercle,

Present Simple Tense

Affirmative

• I, You, We, They + verb (e.g., I work, You work, We work, They work) - Without 's' or 'es' at the end of the verb.
• He, She, It + verb + s/es (e.g., He works, She works, It works) - With 's' or 'es' at the end of the verb.

Negative

• I, You, We, They + don't + verb (e.g., I don't work)
• He, She, It + doesn't + verb (e.g., He doesn't work) - No 's' or 'es' is added to the main verb because 'doesn't' already includes it.

Time Expressions

• Always
• Every (day, week, month, year...)
• Once (a day, a week...)
• Twice (a day, a week...)
• Never
• Normally
• Often
• Seldom
• Sometimes
• Usually
• Generally
• Rarely

Present Continuous Tense

Affirmative

• I + am + verb + -ing (e.g., I'm working)
• You, We, They + are + verb + -ing (e.g., You are working, We are working,

German Conjunctions and Connectors

Causal Connectors

• Weil (porque): Ich habe Angst, weil ich das nicht gelernt habe.
• Deshalb (así pues, por eso): Wir konnten uns eine Wohnung kaufen, weil wir immer bescheiden gelebt haben. Wir haben immer bescheiden gelebt, deshalb konnten wir uns eine Wohnung kaufen.

Concessive Connectors

• Obwohl (aunque, negativo): Ich habe Angst, obwohl ich ein bisschen Deutsch sprechen kann. (verbo conjugado al final)
• Trotzdem (sin embargo): Ich bin fast jedes Wochenende nach Hause gefahren, obwohl die Fahrt über zwei Stunden gedauert hat. Die Fahrt hat über zwei Stunden gedauert, trotzdem bin ich fast jedes Wochenende nach Hause gefahren.

Modal Verbs in the Past

Konnte (pasado de können)

Müssen: musste, musstest, musste, mussten,

Pear: pera, watermelon: sandía, cherries: cereza, coconut: coco, melon: melón, grapes: uvas, plums: ciruelas, peaches: durazno, raspberry: frambuesa, strawberry: frutilla, lemon: limón, pineapple: piña, blueberry: arándano, blackberry: mora, apricot: damasco, green melon: melón tuna, cantaloupe: melón, soup: sopa, salad: ensalada, beef and rice: bistec con arroz, pork and purée: cerdo y puré, fish and chips: pescado con papas fritas, hamburger and chips: hamburguesas con papas fritas, steak: bistec, barbecue and boiled potatoes: asado con papas cocidas, carrot: zanahoria, avocado: palta, potato: papa, lettuce: lechuga, tomato: tomate, red pepper: pimentón rojo, celery: apio, aubergine: berenjena, eggplant: berenjena, leeks: porros... Continue reading "English-Spanish Food Vocabulary: Fruits, Vegetables, Meals & Cooking Terms" »

Catalan Vocabulary Glossary

• A: Atrit – Salad | Agosarat – Bold | Assaig – Test / Essay | Atiar – Fanning
• B: Baco – Pig | Barraca – Alqueria | Bombeta – Bulb | Borumballes – Chips / Shavings | Barnús – Albornoz (Bathrobe) | Bestreta – Preview / Advance
• C: Calitja – Calina (Haze) | Calf – Heat | Caliu – Heat / Warmth | Cuc – Worm
• D: Disbauxa – Rampage / Revelry | Docs – Docks | Despeses – Expenses
• E: Embolcalls – Wraps | Esverar – Boo / Startle | Esquitx – Splash | Esquetxes – Slits | Espantosa / Espaordidora – Dread | Esclats – Explosions | Estoreta – Mat | Embolcall – Wrap | Emmudit – Emmudecido (Silenced) | Enlluernades – Dazzled
• F: Fetge – Liver | Fleca – Bakery
• G: Guitx – Chalk | Genoll

A Fazenda é um reality show brasileiro da Rede Record, originalmente criado na Itália pelo produtor Noemo com o nome The Farm, mas chamado Pharmaceuticals semper.

Dificuldades e prazeres da vida do campo colocarão à prova celebridades, sendo que somente um terá o final vitorioso.

A Fazenda estreou no dia 31 de maio de 2009, com apresentação do jornalista Britto Júnior.

O programa é apresentado e mostra pessoas, diariamente, tirando leite de vacas, mexendo com a terra e envolvendo-se nos afazeres de uma fazenda.

O Reality

O novo reality show da Rede Record conta com a participação de 14 celebridades mais uma fazenda de 150 mil m² situada em Itu, interior de São Paulo. Quem chegar até o final enfrentará bichos, plantações, duelos,

Probability Distributions

Types of Probability Distributions

Normal Distribution

• Used to model continuous data
• Examples: Heights of people, scientific measurements, test scores

Binomial Distribution

• Used to model discrete data with two possible outcomes
• Examples: Number of heads in a coin toss, number of successes in a series of trials

Poisson Distribution

• Used to model the number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space
• Examples: Number of phone calls received per hour, number of earthquakes per year

Applications of Probability Distributions

• Sales success
• Launch of new products
• Bidding for contracts
• Quality control
• Hiring staff
• Experimental trials

Calculating Probabilities

Normal Distribution

• Use a calculator or statistical software
• Formula: P(