Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Vocational training

Rephrasing Examples

• He's never driven a Porsche before.
  • It's the first time he's ever driven a Porsche.
  • This is the first time he's ever driven a Porsche.
• They have never heard such a funny joke.
  • It's the funniest joke they've ever heard.
• It's a week since she visited me.
  • She hasn't visited me for a week.
• I last called her two days ago.
  • The last time I called her was two days ago.
  • I haven't called her for two days.
• When did she buy the car?
  • How long ago did she buy the car?
  • How long is it since she bought the car?

Writing: Describing a Place

The best place that I have ever visited was (place). I was with my (my friends/family) when I was (number) years old. It was great because we had a good time then.

In (place) you can find several (mountains, rivers, beaches....

TEMA9

participant: participar - schedule: organizar - confirm: confirmar - attend: asistir - convenient: libre - busy: ocupado - tied up: ocupado - previous committed: compromiso previo

1. check the calendar/attend the meeting
2. previous commitment
3. make arrangement
4. busy and convenient

1. we'll have a short break
2. sharp
3. light refreshments
4. equipment
5. projector
6. microphone

reschedule: reprogramar - arrange: organizar - postpone: posponer - suit: estar disponible - participate: participar

1. i can't make the meeting... b) reschedule
2. we don't need to meet... b) cancel
3. katie will... a) suit
4. i won't be able to... a) postpone

1. michael is on the phone... c)
2. david jones is held... e)
3. mr kelly had to... a)
4. greg came for... b)
5. we'll have to start... d)

cold: frío - earache: dolor de oídos...

Pros and Cons of Protectionism

• Pros: Creates a sense of patriotism; provides a foundation for the working class; naturally lowers unemployment rates.
• Cons: Limits local access to foreign goods; does not always enhance how people live; people will lose jobs.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Free Trade

• Advantages: Increased economic growth; more dynamic business climate; foreign direct investment; technology transfer; lower taxes and barriers.
• Disadvantages: Increased job outsourcing; poor working conditions; destruction of native cultures; degradation of natural resources; reduced tax revenue.

Marketing Travel Arrangements

Arrival, boarding pass, cancelled, check-in, delayed, departure, direct flight, driving licence, drop off, e-ticket, fully-booked,...

Maximizing Media Exposure for Your Events

Planning a Successful Media Event

One of the easiest ways to receive free media exposure is through well-planned media events. Consider the following steps:

• Select the time of day carefully: Journalists work to deadlines. If they attend your event at 5:00 PM on a Thursday, coverage may not appear until Saturday.
• Optimal timing for immediate coverage: Any time from 9:30 AM is ideal for same-day coverage on TV or Radio, or for the following day in print media.
• Best times for weekly/monthly publications: Lunchtime, afternoon, or early evening are good for publications with longer lead times.
• Prepare comprehensive handout materials: Ensure you have enough press kits and other relevant information for everyone

Supply Chain Roles and Definitions

• Buyer (comprador): Purchases raw materials or parts needed to make the product.
• Supplier (proveïdor): Sells raw materials, parts, or packaging to the manufacturer.
• Manufacturer (fabricant): Makes products in a factory.
• Forwarder (remitent): Delivers materials or products to the manufacturer or to the customer.
• Retailer (minorista): Sells products to customers in a shop or a store.
• Customer (client): Buys and uses the product.

Production and Logistics Processes

Assembly (reunió), packaging (paquet), purchasing (compra), shipment (envío), and testing (ensayo).

Product Lifecycle States

The product is or are: processed, tracked, designed, manufactured, distributed, used, repaired, and recycled.

Prepositions of Place

Above...

Assessing Growth Opportunities

Assessing growth opportunities includes planning new businesses, downsizing, and terminating older businesses. If there is a gap between future desired sales and projected sales, corporate management will need to develop or acquire new businesses to fill it.

The scope of strategic planning involves:

• Developing new business opportunities.
• Downsizing and eliminating older businesses.

The Strategic Planning Gap

This is a strategic planning gap for a major manufacturer of blank compact disks called Musicale (name disguised). The lowest curve projects the expected sales over the next five years from the current business portfolio. The highest describes desired sales over the same period. Evidently, the company wants to grow...

Introduction

Political Action Committees (PACs) have become increasingly influential in modern politics. These organizations raise and spend money to support or oppose candidates for public office. While PACs have been around for decades, their role in elections has grown significantly in recent years.

The Role of PACs in Elections

PACs play a major role in funding political campaigns. They can contribute unlimited amounts of money to candidates, and they often spend millions of dollars on advertising and other campaign activities. This money can give PACs a significant advantage in elections, especially in close races.

PACs also play a role in shaping public opinion. They can use their resources to promote their preferred candidates and policies,...

Arranging a Meeting (Organizar una reunión)

Dear Mr. Adams,

I'm writing to organize a time for the meeting next week.

I'd like to suggest holding the meeting in the small conference room in the Hilton Hotel, Madrid on Thursday morning at 11:30. Would that be convenient?

The meeting will be about a business matter I would like to discuss because I think it will interest you.

I look forward to meeting you next week.

Inviting Somebody to a Conference (Invitando a alguien a una conferencia)

Dear Mrs. Martin,

We are pleased to announce that you have been invited to the next Marketing Conference. This conference will be held on the 19th and 20th of June.

The conference will be held at CCIB (Barcelona International Convention Center), located in the city...