Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Vocational training

English Grammar Essentials

First Conditional & Future Time Clauses

We use first conditional sentences to talk about a possible future situation and its consequence.

First Conditional Examples:

• If you work hard, you'll pass your exams.
• The boss won't be very pleased if we're late for the meeting.
• Come and see us next week if you have time.
• Allison won't get into university unless she gets good grades.
• I won't go unless you go too.

Rules for First Conditional:

• We use the present tense (NOT the future) after 'if' in first conditional sentences.
• We can also use an imperative instead of the 'will' clause.
• We can use 'unless' instead of 'if...not' in conditional sentences.
  • Example: She won't get into university unless she gets good grades / if she doesn't

Quality in Stories

How Do We Assess a Story's Value?

If a story captivates children, it can be a powerful language teaching tool. While enjoyment is key, not all good stories align with teaching objectives.

Choosing a New Story

• Values and Attitudes: Ensure appropriateness for students.
• Structure: Prototypical story structures enhance understanding.
• Dialogue/Narrative: Narratives offer grammar patterns; dialogue aids conversational skills.
• Language Use: Vocabulary repetition is beneficial. Use stories with familiar or new vocabulary.

New Language Considerations

• Previously learned language for recycling.
• New language for active processing.
• Optional new language based on interest.

Reading Tips

• Select stories based on quality and children's interest.
• Pre-teach

The Inevitable Clash: Seeds of the Glorious Revolution

Taking the risk to go against the king until they know there are possibilities of winning. Putting all of this together, the number of supporters of William of Orange seems to be twice as big as the one of James' supporters (line 28). Moreover, the Immortal Seven dare to say that the current King's army is internally divided, many soldiers being only there for survival, but discontent with the actions of the king as well. This way, in case of a war, the troops of William would also have the support of a part of James' army, a "great number of deserters" would join (line 35).

Religious Tensions and the "Popish" Aversion

The text speaks of an "aversion to the popish religion" (line 34) referring... Continue reading "The Glorious Revolution: William of Orange vs. James II" »

When was it?

Where were you?

Who were you with?

What did you wear?

Where did you go?

What did you do?

What was the weather like?

What time did you get home?

Why was it a memorable night?

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

Here......There, This......That, these.....Those, now.......Then, next week......The following Week, today.......That day, tonight.......That night, tomorrow.......The Following day, yesterday......The day before, last week.......The week before.

Vocabulary: PR involves building good relationships with all the stakeholders in an Organisation. The best PR strategies are based on effective relationship Marketing. In Asia there is a long tradition of this kind of approach to business, but it is important to develop transparency and integrity. This means Not only openness, but also accountability, which means taking responsibility For decisions. A further dimension to effective PR is a commitment to ethical Standards, which includes a continual... Continue reading "Is there juristification for any business to be excused and ethical responsibility" »

Solemne 1 Review

Grammar Exercises

Exercise 1: Verb Tenses

1) I am going to fly - I have travelled – I went – I usually visit – I didn’t have – I am saving – I didn’t take – are going

Exercise 2: Verb Tenses and Negatives

2) I haven’t finished – Peter didn’t send – but I always do – Today don't be - Charles isn’t coming – he isn’t working

Exercise 3: Making Suggestions

3) Why don’t we move some tables outside?

- Let's go to see a film at the cinema.

- What about moving some tables outside?

- You have to take some suncream because of the sun.

- He might be her brother, but...

- No, I don’t have to take cash because...

Exercise 4: Making Suggestions - Study Together

4) Let's study together on Friday (I'm not afraid).

What

Essential Electronic Components

Relays

Relays are components used to control a high voltage current by means of a small current applied to a coil. When an electric current passes through the coil, it acts like an electromagnet and attracts a movable piece of metal that closes two contacts. If an electric current doesn't flow through the coil, the central contact stays joined to the contact on the left.

Capacitors

These are components that can store electric charge. They are made of two conductive plates separated by a non-conductive material called a dielectric. There are two kinds of capacitors: electrolytic and non-electrolytic capacitors. Electrolytic capacitors have terminals of different lengths, while non-electrolytic capacitors have terminals... Continue reading "Essential Electronic Components: Relays, Capacitors, and More" »