Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for University

Implementação da Transposição de Matriz 4x4 em C

Este programa em C demonstra como calcular e exibir a matriz transposta (B) de uma matriz quadrada de ordem 4 (A). A transposição é realizada trocando as linhas pelas colunas, ou seja, o elemento na posição A[i][j] é copiado para B[j][i].

Código Fonte em C para Transposição de Matriz

O código utiliza as bibliotecas padrão stdio.h para entrada/saída e conio.h (comum em ambientes legados) para controle de console.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

int main()
{
    int i, j, A[4][4], B[4][4];

    // 1. Entrada de Dados
    printf("Insira os elementos da Matriz A (4x4):\n");
    for(i = 0; i < 4; i++)
    {
        for(j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        {
            printf(

Scientific knowledge (Overview and Basic Concepts)

Common sense knowledge is important, is generalized. Scientific knowledge has many steps that must be applied to determine if the hypothesis is true or situción. Do not generalize from one case.

Knowing is an intellectual process by which a relationship between the knower (actor) and the known object (reality).

There are glances of psychology:

1) Positivists: You must show, watch for it to be valid, measure, quantify, and so on. (It is science based on evidence).

a) Post-positivist Probalan is added, it may be or not. Deductive (general to particular).

2) Phenomenology: Is the experience, emotions, phenomena. Study what is not necessarily observable. Inductive method (particular to general)

PHP Form Validation

To create a PHP form and perform server-side validation for user input such as name, email, and password:

<?php
$name = $email = $password = "";
$nameErr = $emailErr = $passwordErr = "";

if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
    // Name Validation
    if (empty($_POST["name"])) { $nameErr = "Name is required"; } else { $name = $_POST["name"]; }
    // Email Validation
    if (empty($_POST["email"])) { $emailErr = "Email is required"; } else { $email = $_POST["email"];
        if (!filter_var($email, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL)) { $emailErr = "Invalid email format"; } 
    }
    // Password Validation
    if (empty($_POST["password"])) { $passwordErr = "Password is required"; } else { $password = $_POST["password"];

AUTHORIAL-RESPONSIBILITY El autor asume la verdad

Bare claim: (sin marca)

Lessening: may, might, could, probably, possibly

Explicit belief: I believe, in my opinion, we should say

(Smoking causes cancer, It may be difficult, I think it's true)

PERCEPTION Evidencia de los sentidos o inferencia lógica

Verb: seem, appear, Adj: clear, obvious, evident, Adv: clearly, obviously, apparently

(It appears broken, It is clear that...)

NORMALITY Algo habitual o esperable ej. Usually, generally, normally, typically, officially (Officially bought Twitter)

EXTERNAL-AUTHORITY Voz externa (persona, dato, organización)

Explicit: According to X, X states/argues, Generic: Scientists believe, Anonymous: reportedly, allegedly, Data: The data shows (According to Musk...,... Continue reading "Mastering Evidentiality and Authorial Stance in Academic Writing" »

Digestive System Vocabulary

1. Bile – a digestive fluid that helps digest fats
2. Appendix – a small organ attached to the large intestine
3. Celiac disease – an autoimmune disease caused by gluten
4. Defecation – feces / the process of passing stool
5. Weight gain – putting on weight / an increase in body weight
6. Palpate – to examine by touch
7. Stool – solid waste eliminated from the body
8. Bowel – the intestines (small or large)

Digestive Functions and Pathologies

• The pancreas produces and contains digestive enzymes.
• Peptic ulcers may affect the lining of the stomach.
• The last part of the digestive tract is in the large intestine/colon.
• Bile is produced by the liver and released into the duodenum.
• Adverse reaction – reakcja niepożądana
• Autoimmune disorder

Hong Kong Healthcare and Life Expectancy 2024

Hong Kong maintains exceptional health standards, with a life expectancy in 2024 of 85.42 years (83.13 for males and 88.79 for females). The annual healthcare expenditure is approximately HK$109.5 billion, accounting for 19% of government spending. Public services are provided by the Hospital Authority (HA) and the Department of Health (DH), complemented by private clinics and hospitals.

The Role of the Hospital Authority (HA)

The Hospital Authority is a statutory body established in 1990. Its primary roles include managing public hospitals and implementing clinical IT systems. Key IT contributions include:

• Automation and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
• Pharmacy Billing and Revenue Collection (PBRC)

Addition of Two Numbers

<?php
if(isset($_POST['n1']) && isset($_POST['n2'])){
    $n1 = $_POST['n1'];
    $n2 = $_POST['n2'];
    $res = $n1 + $n2;
    echo "<h3>User Input Numbers:</h3>";
    echo "First Number = $n1 <br>";
    echo "Second Number = $n2 <br>";
    echo "Sum = $res";
}
?>

Enter Two Numbers:

PHP Conditional, Loops and Arrays Example

<?php
echo "<h3>Loop Example (1 to 5):</h3>";
for($i=1;$i<=5;$i++){
    echo "Number: $i <br>";
}
echo "<h3>Array Example:</h3>";
$fruits = array("Apple","Banana","Mango","Orange");
foreach($fruits as $f){
    echo "$f<br>";
}
?>

Student Registration Form

Name:

Email:

Gender:
Male
Female

Subjects:
Math
Science
English

Course:

Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis & Complications

A chronic inflammatory disease of medium and large arteries, caused by endothelial injury and lipid accumulation.

Key Risk Factors:

• Hypertension
• Hyperlipidemia
• Smoking
• Diabetes

Lesions evolve from fatty streaks → fibrous plaques → complicated plaques.

Common Complications:

• Myocardial Infarction (MI)
• Stroke
• Aneurysm
• Peripheral Artery Disease

Histologically, it shows lipid cores, calcification, and fibrous caps.

Hypertensive Disease: Organ Damage & Malignant Forms

Chronic blood pressure (BP) elevation causes vascular and organ damage.

Consequences Include:

• Arteriolosclerosis
• Left Ventricular (LV) hypertrophy
• Stroke
• Chronic Kidney Disease

Malignant hypertension (diastolic BP >120 mmHg) causes fibrinoid necrosis... Continue reading "Essential Pathology Topics: Systemic Diseases & Neoplasms" »

MATLAB is a high-level programming and numerical computing environment developed by MathWorks. It is widely used in engineering and scientific fields for tasks like data analysis, algorithm development, modeling, and simulation. Its core strength lies in its ability to handle matrices and arrays directly, making it well-suited for mathematical computations.

Key Features and Capabilities

• Programming Language: MATLAB incorporates a powerful, matrix-based programming language that allows for concise and efficient expression of mathematical operations.
• Interactive Environment: MATLAB provides an interactive desktop environment for performing calculations, analyzing data, and developing algorithms.

Mathematical Functions

It offers a vast library of built-... Continue reading "MATLAB Programming: Key Features, Uses, and Resources" »

🧾 Data Transfer Instructions

These instructions are used to move data between registers, memory, and I/O ports.

➕ Arithmetic Instructions

These instructions perform basic mathematical operations.