Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Training and Employment Advise

Causative Verbs: Have and Get + Object + V3

Affirmative Structures

This section details the use of have and get followed by an object and the past participle (V3) across various tenses to express actions done for someone by another person.

Vocabulary

Prefixes

• re/over/under: overeat, reshape, overspend, overproduce, undercook, redesign, resend
• anti/inter/multi/over/pro: inter/over/proactive, multicolored, prodemocracy, overeat, multiethnic, intergalactic, antiglobalization, multi/international, overproduce, multipurpose, antisocial, overspend, multistorey, anti/protechnology
• Negative prefixes: disobedient, disorganized, illegal, illiterate, immoral, impatient, inadequate, incredible, irrelevant, irresponsible, unbelievable, unhelpful, unsafe.

Other

• Inspired: inspirado
• Innovative: innovado
• Replaced: reemplazado
• Discover: descubierto
• Developed: desenvolvido
• Invented: inventado
• Observed: observado
• Researched: buscado
• Created: creado
• Designed: diseñado
• Adapted: adaptado
• Genre of films: adventure,

Essential Money Vocabulary

Income (Ingresos)

Money that you receive, usually from working.

Allowance (Prestación / Paga)

An amount of money you receive regularly to buy the things you need.

Savings (Ahorros)

Money that you have reserved so that you can use it later.

Live on (Vivir con lo suficiente)

To have a particular amount of money to buy the things that you need to live.

Repay the debt (Pagar la deuda)

To give someone money that you have borrowed from them.

Debit card (Tarjeta de débito)

A plastic card given by a bank that you use for paying for things (linked directly to your bank balance).

Donate (Donar / Donativo)

To give money or goods to an organization, especially a charity.

Small change (Monedas pequeñas de cambio)

Coins of low value.

Beg (Rogar

Essential English Vocabulary

Transport Terminology

• capable of - capaz de
• come up with - proponer
• get around - moverse
• high speed - alta velocidad
• hop on - subirse a
• load - carga
• long-distance - de larga distancia
• network - red
• reach - alcanzar
• risky - arriesgado
• run on - funcionar con
• set up - construir
• ship - enviar
• standard of living - nivel de vida
• steam - de vapor
• time-consuming - que requiere mucho tiempo
• track - vía

Nature & Outdoors Vocabulary

• berry - baya
• branch - rama
• cave - cueva
• crop - cosecha
• dawn - amanecer
• dig - cavar
• get away from it all - escapar de todo
• head for - ir a
• nut - fruto seco
• pick - coger
• root - raíz
• seed - semilla
• soil - tierra
• sunrise - salida del sol
• sunset - puesta de sol
• tide - marea
• trunk - tronco
• wave - ola
• woods - bosque

Environmental Terms

Refining Formal Correspondence Templates

Formal Letter Structure Enhancement

Dear [Sir/Madam / Club Secretary / Title + Last Name],

I am writing in response to your recent email regarding [the event / issue / change].

Initial Acknowledgment and Concern

Firstly, thank you for keeping us informed. While I understand that [brief reason or circumstance], I was quite [disappointed / surprised / concerned] to hear that [brief description of the issue].

Proposing Solutions

Secondly, I would like to suggest that [alternative idea 1], as it might be a good solution. Additionally, [alternative idea 2] could help make the situation better for everyone involved.

Call to Action

Finally, I kindly request that you [mention any action: consider rescheduling / offer... Continue reading "Formal Correspondence: Improving Communication Templates" »

Mastering English Grammar and Workplace Vocabulary

This document provides a concise collection of examples and exercises focusing on essential English grammar concepts, including relative clauses and pronouns, alongside practical workplace vocabulary. Enhance your understanding of formal and informal language usage and expand your professional lexicon.

Essential Workplace Vocabulary

• The deadline is tomorrow, not a day later.
• The perks include a company car.
• He first started working here as a clerk.
• That’s nonsense. It’s just not true.
• She’s been promoted to a new position.
• I’m not a slave. I don’t work for free.
• This week I’m working the early shift.
• I need help. This task requires teamwork.

Common Relative Pronouns and Prepositions

Here is... Continue reading "Mastering English Grammar: Clauses, Pronouns & Workplace Terms" »

Verbs Followed by Gerunds

• ADMIT
• ADVISE
• AVOID
• BEGIN
• CAN'T HELP
• CAN'T STAND
• CAN'T IMAGINE
• COMPLETE
• CONSIDER
• CONTINUE
• DELAY
• DETEST
• DISCUSS
• DISLIKE
• DON'T MIND
• ENJOY
• FINISH
• FORGET
• GIVE UP
• GO ON
• HATE
• IMAGINE
• INVOLVE
• KEEP
• LIKE
• LOVE
• MENTION
• MIND
• MISS
• POSTPONE
• PRACTICE
• PREFER
• RECALL
• RECOMMEND
• REGRET
• REMEMBER
• REPORT
• RESIST
• RISK
• START
• STOP
• SUGGEST
• TRY
• UNDERSTAND

Verbs Followed by Infinitives

• AFFORD
• AGREE
• APPEAR
• ARRANGE
• ASK
• ATTEMPT
• BEG
• BEGIN
• CHOOSE
• CONSENT
• CONTINUE
• DARE
• DECIDE
• DEMAND
• EXPECT
• FORGET
• GET READY
• GO ON
• HATE
• HOPE
• INTEND
• LEARN
• LIKE
• LOVE
• MANAGE
• NEED
• NECESSITATE
• OFFER
• PREPARE
• PRETEND
• PROMISE
• REFUSE
• REMEMBER
• SEEM
• START
• STOP
• THREATEN
• TRY
• WAIT
• WANT
• WISH

Verbs Accepting Both Gerunds and Infinitives

• LIKE
• LOVE
• START
• HATE
• BEGIN
• CONTINUE

Verbs que Canvien de Significat: Gerund vs. Infinitiu

• FORGET
  • -ING: Oblidar una acció passada (no recordar haver-

English Verb Tenses

Present Tenses

• Present Simple: Subject + verb + complement (add -s/-es for third person singular). Negative: don't/doesn't + verb.
• Present Continuous: Subject + to be (am/is/are) + verb-ing + complement.
• Present Perfect: Subject + have/has + past participle (verb-ed or 3rd column).
• Present Perfect Continuous: Subject + have/has + been + verb-ing.

Past Tenses

• Past Simple: Subject + verb-ed (or 2nd column). Negative: didn't + verb (infinitive).
• Past Continuous: Subject + was/were + verb-ing.
• Past Perfect: Subject + had + past participle (verb-ed or 3rd column).
• Be going to: Subject + to be (am/is/are) + going to + verb + complement.

Future Tenses

• Will/Won't: will/won't + infinitive.

Comparatives and Superlatives

• Comparatives: -er/-ier

1a Acronym

Acronyms are abbreviations formed from the initial letters of other words and pronounced as a word.

1b Stereotypes

Stereotypes are widely held but fixed and oversimplified ideas or images of a particular type of person or thing.

1c Teambuilding

Teambuilding refers to activities designed to enhance social relations and define roles within a team.

1d Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal communication includes gestures, facial expressions, body language, and other forms of communication without the use of words.

1e Attention, Interest, Desire, Action

The Attention, Interest, Desire, Action (AIDA) model is a marketing communication model that outlines the steps a consumer goes through when making a purchasing decision.

2a When a Company Offers a

Dear Sir, 12th July 2021

I am writing this letter in reference to a possible stay in Mykonos. I would like to spend one or two weeks in July at a bed and breakfast hotel near a beach. I would also like to visit typical villages and little islands. Also, I would like to visit wild beaches as well as local Greece restaurants. Please let me know about economical fly options and accommodation possibilities. Thank you very much for your kind information.

I am looking forward to hearing from you.

Your Sincerely./ Yours faithfully

Estela Fermamdez valdueza

1. Middlemen is a general term for agents, brokers, dealers, merchants.

2. Wholesaler an intermediary who stocks goods from various suppliers.

3. Franchise a person who buys (and takes possession of) goods... Continue reading "Request for Information on Mykonos Stay and Travel" »