Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Social sciences

The Rise of Big Business in America

The rise of big business in America saw the emergence of the modern corporation, complete with shareholders, distinct operating units, a national network of suppliers, and professional salaried managers. In the 19th century, a revolutionary idea took hold. Previously, the bulk of economic activity was conducted through single-unit businesses run and owned by independent tradespeople. This changed with increased economic activity and new business models, exemplified by figures ranging from local merchants to industrial giants like Henry Ford. By 1840, business people expected the coordination of their activities across a region as vast as the United States to be handled by the markets themselves.

Railroads:

Introducing ourselves to the labor market after finishing a university degree is a daunting task that weighs heavily on students' minds. When faced with the choice between pursuing additional coursework or undertaking an internship, it's crucial to determine the most suitable option. This essay aims to compare and contrast these two possibilities, highlighting their similarities and differences.

Similarities in Learning Outcomes and Career Prospects

Firstly, it's important to acknowledge that both options can lead to similar outcomes. Regardless of the chosen path, students can acquire valuable knowledge and skills. While the learning approaches may differ, the fundamental principles and concepts remain consistent. Whether gained through theoretical... Continue reading "Internships vs. Additional Coursework: Choosing the Best Path for Your Career" »

Foundations of Early Civilizations

Pastoralism is the domestication and herding of animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle. It emerged once humans established themselves in one place for extended periods, a process known as sedentism. The slash-and-burn technique, where ash from burned trees fertilized the soil, was another early agricultural method.

Defining Civilization and State

A civilization is a complex society characterized by agricultural surpluses, which enable specialized labor, social hierarchies, and the establishment of cities. Key markers include:

• Writing systems
• Developed religious systems
• Sophisticated architecture
• Centralized political power

A state is an organized community governed by a single political structure.

Societal Structures

In my opinion, technology, like cell phones or computers, is very useful nowadays if used in a good way.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Technological Devices

First of all, these kinds of devices have both positive and negative aspects.

Proper Use of Technological Devices

Secondly, these devices were intended for academic and social purposes, not for wasting time.

Enhancing Education with Technology

Finally, education should be based on these technological devices to make it easier for students and to foster better communication between teachers and students.

Conclusion

In conclusion, technological devices are essential and important today for communication, studying, and searching for information.

Ebb-

to diminish

Ecclesiastical-

having to do with church

Eclipse-

to block the light of

Ecosystem-

a community of organisms

Edict-

an official decree

Edifice-

a big, imposing building

Effectual-

effective

Efficacy-

effectiveness

Effigy-

a likeness of person

Elation-

a feeling of great joy

Electorate-

the voters

Elegy-

a mournful poem or music

Elite-

the best selected group

Elocution-

the art of public speaking

Emaciate-

to make extremely thin through starvation or illness

Emanate-

to come forth

Emancipate-

to liberate

Embargo-

a government suspending foreign trade

Embellish-

to adorn

Embody-

to personify

Embroil-

to involve in conflict

Embryonic-

undeveloped

Emissary-

a messenger sent to represent another

Empathy-

identification with the feelings of another

Empower-

to give power or authority... Continue reading "Vocabulary List: Words Starting with E" »

Theoretical Background

The learning of English at an early age is becoming more and more commonplace in the Spanish educational system. However, this contrasts with the situation in other European countries where they start the teaching of a foreign language in primary education. Actually, there is no real evidence that demonstrates the effect of age on learners’ second language achievement, that is, whether learners who begin learning as children are able to reach higher levels of L2 ability than those who start learning in adolescence or adulthood.

Studies on Age and Language Acquisition

According to Clavel-Arroitia, several studies in the literature examine the effects of starting foreign language education in primary school compared with... Continue reading "Age and Second Language Acquisition: Is Earlier Really Better?" »

The Lost Generation: Origin and Impact

Origin of the "Lost Generation" Phrase

The term "Lost Generation" refers to individuals born between approximately 1883 and 1900. This moniker is widely credited to writer Gertrude Stein, who, during a conversation with writer Ernest Hemingway, famously relayed the words of her garage mechanic: "You are all a lost generation." Hemingway later popularized this phrase by using it as an epigraph in his seminal novel, The Sun Also Rises.

Beyond its application to a specific demographic, the term also described the cultural landscape of this era. After World War I, many American writers and intellectuals felt a profound sense of disorientation and aimlessness. Seeking to escape traditional societal norms and values... Continue reading "The Lost Generation: Defining a Post-War Era" »

Technology's Impact on Modern Life

Wearable Technology: Convenience and Concerns

Nowadays, almost everyone has a laptop. We also use watches as if they were mobile phones, so technology is something we are used to seeing in our day-to-day lives. It's a fact that technology is no longer confined to our desktops. From my point of view, wearable technology is integrated into all aspects of our lives, making them easier, even though it carries risks.

Benefits of Wearable Devices

• Enhanced Convenience: Streamlines daily tasks and provides quick access to information.
• Health Monitoring: Tracks fitness, sleep, and vital signs, promoting well-being.
• Seamless Integration: Blends into our routines, often unnoticed.

Risks and Challenges of Wearables

• Privacy Concerns: