Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other languages

Els grans renovadors: literatura anglosaxona

• Incorporació de descobertes presents en alguns precursors.
• Assimilació de postulats avantguardistes.

James Joyce

• Responsables de les noves dimensions en la novel·la contemporània.
• L’escenari: Ciutat de Dublín.
• Transició d’escenaris i episodis de l’Odissea.
• Gran tractament del temps.
• Obres: Dublinesos o Retrat de l’artista adolescent.

Virginia Woolf

• Intensitat lírica.
• El que queda no és la trama sinó l’"halo lluminós".
• Les experiències sensorials s’acumulen i determinen una percepció diferent, àmbit oníric.
• Barreja: present, passat i futur.
• Monòleg interior.
• Ús de corrents de consciència.
• Obres: Al far, Les ones o Entre els actes.

Marcel Proust

• Novel·lista acabalat, capritxós, malaltís

Teoría de Operaciones Comerciales

El descuento por volumen se contabiliza en la cuenta (609). Los envases con facultad de devolución se registran en la (406) y se analizan en la unidad de acreedores y deudores. La cuenta (606), cuando no está incluida en la factura, se considera un saldo acreedor.

Débitos por Operaciones Comerciales

Son los passivos financieros que se originan en la compra de bienes y servicios por operaciones de tráfico de la empresa.

Coste Amortizado

Es el importe actualizado del crédito o débito.

Práctica: Descuentos y Transportes

En la compra, se incluyen los descuentos y transportes, menos las partidas que van aparte. En las ventas, solo se incluyen los descuentos que figuran en la factura.

• Devolución: Esta operación

Essential Vocabulary and Phrases

Financial and Personal Well-being

• Be well-off: To be in a good financial situation.
• Make ends meet: To have just enough money to cover expenses.
• Live from hand to mouth: To have barely enough money to survive.
• On the house: Offered for free, paid for by the establishment.
• Take pleasure in: To find enjoyment in something.
• Beyond my reach: Unattainable or too expensive.
• To date: Up until the present time.

Financial Terms

• Inherited: Received property or money after someone's death.
• Property: Real estate or possessions owned by someone.
• Bargain: Something bought at a lower price than usual.
• Refund: An amount of money returned.
• Borrowing: The act of taking a loan.
• Amount: A quantity of something, typically money.
• Receipt: A written

English Vocabulary: Spanish to English

• A
• Aproximadamente: roughly
• Agua dulce: freshwater
• Agobiador: backbreaking
• Aplicarse el secador: blow dryer
• Alimentación: feeding
• Aumentar: swell
• B
• Botín: loot
• C
• Cacatúa: macaw
• Construir: making up
• Caucheros: siringueiros
• Cuento de hadas: fairy-tale
• Chapuzón: dip
• Como: however
• Convicción, creencia: belief
• Crudo: raw
• Contaminación: pollution
• Carámbano: icicle
• Cargamento: freight
• Cotorra: chatterbox (parlanchín)
• Comprobar: check out
• Como churros: bang out
• D
• Denso: lush
• Dado, determinado: given
• Desigualdad de género: gender gap
• Desventaja: downside
• E
• Del este: easter
• Embalar: packaging
• Envolver: wrapper
• Escurrir: wring
• Empezar a hacer: takes up
• Estar alerta: watch out for
• Escatimar: spare
• F
• Fuente: source
• Hecho: fact
• G
• Gastar: spend
• Guerra:

Klasicizam

Klasicizam je književno razdoblje koje se javlja u Francuskoj i traje od sredine 17. st. do kraja 18. st., a glavna obilježja su racionalnost, moralnost i didaktičnost. Klasicistička poetika nalaže da se književnost ponovno okrene antičkim uzorima, da poštuje Aristotelovu poetiku jedinstva mjesta, vremena i radnje, da bude poučna te da ističe opće vrline i mane nad jedinstvenim. Za razliku od baroka, klasicizam teži jednostavnosti i preciznosti stila. U to vrijeme pišu se samo drame od 5 činova, a najvažniji predstavnici su tragičari Racine i Corneille, te komediografi Moliere i Goldoni.

Racine i tragedija Fedra

Racine je napisao Fedru, tragediju u 5 činova koja se bavi temom ljudske razapetosti između strasti i krivnje.... Continue reading "Klasicizam i prosvjetiteljstvo: književna razdoblja i njihovi predstavnici" »

Hip Muscles

Psoas Major

• Origin: Lumbar vertebrae (0.d12.5l)
• Insertion: Lesser trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion

Iliacus

• Origin: Iliac fossa
• Insertion: Lesser trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion

Gluteus Minimus

• Origin: External iliac fossa
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion, abduction, internal rotation

Gluteus Medius

• Origin: External iliac fossa
• Insertion: Greater trochanter
• Action: Hip flexion, abduction, extension

Gluteus Maximus

• Origin: Sacrum and coccyx, external iliac fossa (superficial plane); fascia lata and gluteal aponeurosis (deep plane)
• Insertion: Greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity (linea aspera)
• Action: Hip extension, external rotation

Tensor Fasciae Latae

• Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
• Insertion: Iliotibial tract (Gerdy's tubercle,

Present Simple Tense

Affirmative

• I, You, We, They + verb (e.g., I work, You work, We work, They work) - Without 's' or 'es' at the end of the verb.
• He, She, It + verb + s/es (e.g., He works, She works, It works) - With 's' or 'es' at the end of the verb.

Negative

• I, You, We, They + don't + verb (e.g., I don't work)
• He, She, It + doesn't + verb (e.g., He doesn't work) - No 's' or 'es' is added to the main verb because 'doesn't' already includes it.

Time Expressions

• Always
• Every (day, week, month, year...)
• Once (a day, a week...)
• Twice (a day, a week...)
• Never
• Normally
• Often
• Seldom
• Sometimes
• Usually
• Generally
• Rarely

Present Continuous Tense

Affirmative

• I + am + verb + -ing (e.g., I'm working)
• You, We, They + are + verb + -ing (e.g., You are working, We are working,

Pear: pera, watermelon: sandía, cherries: cereza, coconut: coco, melon: melón, grapes: uvas, plums: ciruelas, peaches: durazno, raspberry: frambuesa, strawberry: frutilla, lemon: limón, pineapple: piña, blueberry: arándano, blackberry: mora, apricot: damasco, green melon: melón tuna, cantaloupe: melón, soup: sopa, salad: ensalada, beef and rice: bistec con arroz, pork and purée: cerdo y puré, fish and chips: pescado con papas fritas, hamburger and chips: hamburguesas con papas fritas, steak: bistec, barbecue and boiled potatoes: asado con papas cocidas, carrot: zanahoria, avocado: palta, potato: papa, lettuce: lechuga, tomato: tomate, red pepper: pimentón rojo, celery: apio, aubergine: berenjena, eggplant: berenjena, leeks: porros... Continue reading "English-Spanish Food Vocabulary: Fruits, Vegetables, Meals & Cooking Terms" »

Probability Distributions

Types of Probability Distributions

Normal Distribution

• Used to model continuous data
• Examples: Heights of people, scientific measurements, test scores

Binomial Distribution

• Used to model discrete data with two possible outcomes
• Examples: Number of heads in a coin toss, number of successes in a series of trials

Poisson Distribution

• Used to model the number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space
• Examples: Number of phone calls received per hour, number of earthquakes per year

Applications of Probability Distributions

• Sales success
• Launch of new products
• Bidding for contracts
• Quality control
• Hiring staff
• Experimental trials

Calculating Probabilities

Normal Distribution

• Use a calculator or statistical software
• Formula: P(

Fundamentals of Logic and Reasoning

What is Logic?

Logic is the philosophical discipline that studies the correctness or validity of our reasoning.

The Role of Language in Argumentation

By means of language, we perform various actions: begging someone to lend us money, asking for directions, describing our home, or even, if you have sufficient authority, issuing a command like throwing someone in jail.

Structure of Reasoning, Arguments, and Inferences

A valid argument or inference consists of two main components:

1. Premises: A set of statements expressing the input data or evidence.
2. Conclusion: The final statement expressing new information obtained directly from the premises.

Example of Deductive Reasoning

• Premise 1: The cheese thief is a cat or a mouse.