Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Other languages

Delicious Morning Meals

Tomato Scrambled Eggs

For today's breakfast, fluffy, creamy eggs hold together a mass of tangy, juicy, sweet tomatoes. Best enjoyed when tomatoes are in season.

Ingredients

• 2 tbsp butter
• 4 cups fresh tomatoes or 2 cups canned tomatoes, chopped
• 4 eggs
• Salt and pepper

Additions

• Fresh basil or other herbs, chopped

Instructions

1. Put a small pan on medium heat and melt the butter, then swirl it around to coat the pan. Add the tomatoes.
2. Cook until the tomatoes release their juice and most of the juice evaporates, about 5 to 7 minutes.
3. Meanwhile, crack the eggs into a bowl and add a generous sprinkling of salt and pepper. Beat the eggs lightly with a fork.
4. Once most of the juice has cooked out of the tomatoes, turn the heat down to low and

Adjectives and Corresponding Nouns

• Aggressive → Aggression
• Assertive → Assertiveness
• Confident → Confidence
• Defensive → Defensiveness
• Frustrated → Frustration
• Impatient → Impatience
• Innocent → Innocence
• Nervous → Nervousness
• Open → Openness
• Self-conscious → Self-consciousness
• Sensitive → Sensitivity
• Shy → Shyness

Modal Verbs for Ability and Requests

Requests

Structure: Can/Could + Infinitive + ?

Example: Can/Could you help me find my phone?

(Spanish translation: ¿Puedes o podrías ayudarme a encontrar mi teléfono?)

Present Ability

Structure: Can/Can't + Infinitive OR Be able to + Infinitive

Example: I can/am able to play the piano, but I can't/am not able to play the violin.

(Spanish translation: Puedo/puedo tocar el piano, pero no puedo/

English Connectors and Linkers

1. Reason and Cause

(Razón o causa de algo) →

• Because / as / since (+ sentence)
• Because of / owing to / due to (+ noun)

2. Purpose

(Propósito o finalidad) →

• To / In order to / So as to (+ infinitive)
• In order that / So that (+ sentence with modal verb)

3. Exemplifying

(Aclarar lo que explicamos) →

• For example / for instance
• Such as... / like...

4. Additions

(Para añadir algo) →

• Moreover / Furthermore / Besides (Además)
• In addition to / as well as (+ noun or pronoun)

5. Result or Consequence

(Resultado o consecuencia de una acción) →

• Therefore (Por ello) / Consequently / For this reason / Thus
• As a result of (+ substantive or pronoun)

6. Contrast

→

• However / Nevertheless / On the contrary
• While / Whereas (Sentence with

Probability Concepts

• Union of Events: P(A∪B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A∩B)
• Complement of an Event: P(A^c) = 1 - P(A)
• Intersection of B and Complement of A: P(B∩A^c) = P(B) - P(A∩B)
• Conditional Probability: P(B|A) = P(A∩B) / P(A)
• Intersection of Complements: P(A^c∩B^c) = 1 - P(A∪B)
• Mutually Exclusive Events: P(A∩B) = 0
• Independent Events: P(A∩B) = P(A)·P(B)

Binomial Distribution Parameters

• Mean (μ): μ = n·p
• Standard Deviation (σ): σ = √(n·p·q)

Binomial Distribution

Notation: B(n, p)

Probability Mass Function: P(X=a) = (ⁿ_a) p^a q^n-a

Where:

• n = number of trials
• p = probability of success
• q = complement of p (q = 1-p)

Normal Distribution

Notation: X ∼ N(μ, σ)

Important Probabilities:

• P(Z < a) or P(Z > a) can be found using a standard normal

English Grammar: Verb Tenses

Present Simple

• Used for actions that happen regularly (but are not happening at this moment).
• Examples: schedules, calendars

Present Continuous

• Used for actions happening now.
• Examples: fixed and sure plans, orders

Past Simple

• Used for actions that were completed in the past.
• Regular verbs: Verb + -ed
• Irregular verbs: second column of the irregular verb list
• Negative: didn't + subject + verb
• Interrogative: did + subject + verb

Past Continuous

• Used for actions that lasted for a long time in the past (often with specific times or dates).
• Affirmative: subject + was/were + verb + -ing
• Negative: subject + wasn't/weren't + verb + -ing
• Interrogative: was/were + subject + verb + -ing

Past Perfect Simple

• Used for an action that happened before

Aplicación de NIC 36: Deterioro y Reversión de Activos

El presente caso práctico aborda la aplicación de la Norma Internacional de Contabilidad 36 (NIC 36), que trata sobre el deterioro del valor de los activos. Se analiza la situación de la empresa ALLENDE, que el 1 de enero de 2016 adquiere una línea de producción.

Datos Iniciales de la Línea de Producción

• Fecha de Adquisición: 1 de enero de 2016
• Precio de Adquisición: 1.200.000 €
• Método de Amortización: Lineal a 5 años
• Valor Residual (VR): 200.000 €
• Sistema de Cálculo del Valor Recuperable: Descuento de flujos de efectivo
• Tasa de Descuento: 12%

Flujos de Efectivo Esperados (a 31/12/2016)

La siguiente tabla muestra los flujos de efectivo esperados para los años de vida útil restantes,... Continue reading "NIC 36: Cálculo de Deterioro y Reversión de Activos Fijos" »

Expressing Preference

• Lo que más me gusta… – What I like the most
• Lo que menos me gusta… – What I like the least
• Mi comida favorita… – My favorite food
• Mi comida preferida… – My preferred / favorite food

Expressing Frequency

• Una vez – One time
• Entre… y… – Between … and …
• Más de… – More than
• Menos de… – Less than
• Al día – Per day
• A la semana – Per week
• Al mes – Per month
• Al año – Per year
• Nunca – Never

Conjugating the Verb Querer (To Want)

Asking for Information in a Restaurant

• ¿Qué es…? – What is…?
• ¿Qué lleva…? – What does it contain? / What is in it?
• ¿Cómo preparan

Active and Passive Voice Tense Transformations

Active Voice vs. Passive Voice Examples:

• Present Simple: Active: They love | Passive: They are loved
• Present Continuous: Active: They are loving | Passive: They are being loved
• Past Simple: Active: They loved | Passive: They were loved
• Past Continuous: Active: They were loving | Passive: They were being loved
• Present Perfect: Active: They have loved | Passive: They have been loved
• Past Perfect: Active: They had loved | Passive: They had been loved
• Future (Will): Active: They will love | Passive: They will be loved
• Future (Going To): Active: They are going to love | Passive: They are going to be loved

Future Continuous and Future Perfect Tenses

Future Continuous Structure

Formula: WILL + BE + V-ING

Example:... Continue reading "Mastering English Grammar: Tenses, Voice, and Clauses" »

Essential English Connectors and Their Meanings

Here's a list of common English connectors with their Spanish translations:

• First of all - En primer lugar
• In my opinion - En mi opinión
• Personally - Personalmente
• As far as I am concerned - Por lo que a mí respecta
• From my point of view - Bajo mi punto de vista
• To begin with - Para empezar
• Firstly - Primeramente
• Secondly - En segundo lugar
• That's why - Esto es por lo que
• Therefore - Por lo tanto
• As a result of - Como resultado
• Consequently - En consecuencia
• As - Como
• So - Así que
• Whereas - Mientras que
• So...that... - Tan...que...
• Such a...that... - Tan...que...
• On the one hand - Por una parte
• However/Nevertheless - Sin embargo
• Anyhow - De todas formas
• Anyway - De cualquier manera
• In spite of/Despite - A pesar de
• On

Ability

Expressing ability with modal verbs:

• Can (present ability): Can you speak French?
• Will be able to (future ability): She will be able to speak French in two months.
• Could (past ability, unrealized potential): I could have gone to university when I was younger.
• Be able to (general ability): She is able to speak Chinese.
• Was/were able to (past ability, achieved action): We were able to escape the fire.
• Couldn't/were not able to (negative past ability): We couldn't/were not able to finish the project.

Possibility

Expressing degrees of possibility:

• May (higher probability): He may be in his office.
• Might (lower probability): She might be 30 years old.

Certainty

Expressing certainty or impossibility:

• Must (certainty): He must be over 70.
• Can't (impossibility)