Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Language

Business and General Vocabulary

Exhibitions and Trade Shows

• brochure
• business card
• competitor
• exhibition
• free gift
• leaflet
• LED screen
• name tag
• promotional material
• stand (noun)

Countries and Nationalities

• American / USA
• Britain / British
• France / French
• Germany / German
• Ireland / Irish
• Italy / Italian
• Japan / Japanese
• Nigeria / Nigerian
• Peru / Peruvian
• Thailand / Thai

Weather Terminology

• cloudy
• cold
• cool
• freezing
• hot
• rainy
• snowy
• stormy
• sunny
• warm
• windy

Transportation and Travel

General Transport Methods

• aeroplane
• bus
• ferry
• motorbike
• ship
• taxi
• train
• tram
• underground

Giving Directions

• bus stop
• catch a bus
• cross (verb)
• entrance
• exit (noun)
• get off
• get on
• junction
• pass (verb)
• platform
• route map
• sign (noun)
• traffic light
• train station
• zebra crossing

Booking Flights

• arrival
• book a flight
• business class
• departure
• direct

Essential English Words and Their Meanings

Believe

Definition: To think that something is true.

“She's arriving tomorrow, I believe.”

Since

Definition: From a particular time in the past until a later time, or until now.

“I've long since forgotten any Latin I ever learned.”

Trade

Definition: The activity of buying and selling.

“70 percent of the country's trade is with Europe.”

Whole

Definition: Complete or not divided.

“I spent the whole day cleaning.”

Show

Definition: To make it possible for something to be seen.

“On this map, urban areas are shown in grey.”

Achievement

Definition: Something very good and difficult that you have succeeded in doing.

“An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable achievement for one so young.”

Somehow

Definition:

A value is an organized pattern. FALSE

A characteristic of a low-context culture is that messages are explicit and specific. TRUE

A few years ago, Philips Electronics developed a new consumer product. Innovators bought it, but early adopters didn't. FALSE

A massive effort was dubbed the "Moses Project" to prevent flooding. TRUE

A number of authors, journalists, and food critics have a sense of shame. TRUE

A vice-president of an American software company noted that customs, hierarchies, and the class structure of Korean culture have to be respected. TRUE

According to Geert Hofstede, which of the following is a key cultural dimension? Long-term orientation

According to Hofstede's research on cultural values, aesthetic elements are not a key dimension.... Continue reading "Global Marketing Insights: Cultural Nuances and Business Success" »

Understanding Momentum

Momentum measures how quickly prices are rising or how steeply a trend line is sloping. It functions similarly to acceleration and deceleration. Momentum indicators act as leading signal generators or confirmation tools, indicating whether the trend slope is changing.

• Confirmation: Occurs when momentum aligns with the price trend.
• Divergence: Occurs when momentum fails to confirm the price trend, providing a warning signal.

Confirmation is also used to identify overbought and oversold conditions as prices oscillate around a central trend:

• Overbought: Prices are noticeably above the central trend.
• Oversold: Prices are considerably below the trend and are likely to return toward or above the central trend.

The Moving Average Convergence

Dotadots

Reading

1. False "They are easily transportable and difficult to trace."
2. True "By checking an online register, police are able to identify owners of the stolen items once they have been recovered."
3. False "Identification numbers are not new."
4. False "One particular product."

Lexicon

• possess --- own
• moveable --- transportable
• decreased --- fallen
• lifeless --- inanimate

Phonetics

1. personal, permanent
2. mobile
3. developed

Use of English

1. "My iPod was stolen last night," Sue said.
   Sue said that her iPod had been stolen the night before/the previous night.
2. The dots can even be incorporated into thread.
   It is even possible to incorporate the dots into thread. / For the dots to be incorporated into thread.
3. Car theft in Australia has fallen dramatically.
   There has been a

Total Physical Response (TPR)

TPR stands for Total Physical Response. It is based on the coordination of language and physical movement. In TPR, instructors give commands to students in the target language, and students respond with whole-body actions. Therefore, grammar isn't taught explicitly but can be learned from the language input. TPR is a good way to learn vocabulary, especially idiomatic terms. For example: "Put your hands up."

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)

CLIL stands for Content and Language Integrated Learning. It consists of learning content through an additional language, by teaching both the subject and the language. The idea is to use the language as the medium of instruction. It provides exposure to the language... Continue reading "Effective Language Learning Methods and Classroom Analysis" »

Entrepreneurship

An entrepreneur is a person who pursues an opportunity, often commercially driven, to bring a new product or service to market with limited resources and high risk. The process of creating a new business is entrepreneurship, also defined as organizing limited resources to capitalize on a business opportunity.

Characteristics of Entrepreneurs

Curious, flexible and adaptable, persistent, passionate, willing to learn, visionary, motivated.

Types of Entrepreneurs

• Intrapreneur: An employee who is tasked with developing an innovative idea or project within a company, with a bit less freedom and higher risk.
• Social Entrepreneur: Interested in starting a business for the greater social good and not just the pursuit of profits.
• Scalable Startup

Profile Options

• Attachment: Mail merges for welcome letters.
• Changes: Tracking modifications made to profiles.
• CC: Credit card information management.
• History: Stay information, including past visits and revenue from items purchased.
• Merge: Consolidate duplicate profiles into a single record to unify history.
• Negotiated Rates: Access company rate queries to expedite reservations using specific rate codes.
• Notes: Add general or background notes to improve guest accommodation.
• Preferences: Record likes and dislikes, such as room features, floor location, interests, and smoking status.
• Privacy: Manage consent for promotional information and mailings.
• Relationship: Define associations between two companies.

Reservations

• RTC: Premium room assignment without