Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for History

 Judiciary Act of 1789-established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,

3, The cultural legacy of the feudal system: pilgrimages and crusades.

Countries, Nationalities, and Languages

This table provides a list of countries, their corresponding nationalities, and the languages spoken in each country.

Impressionism: Monet, Renoir, Degas, Rodin

Post-impressionism: Cézanne, Gaudin, Van Gogh

Fauvism: Matisse

Expressionism: Munch, Kirchner

Cubism: analytic or Synthetic. Picasso, Braque

The forms of colonial rule→ mayor imperialist power were GB and France. Soon joined by Germany, Italy, Russia, Belgium, Spain and US and Japan. Diverse forms of colonial rule: -concessions were commercial advantages, the transfer of ports and trade. -Protectors maintained their indigenous. -Governments, but the colonial strength-controlled policy, the army and exploitation of certain territories that were India and Egypt. -Colonies where territories under the sovereignty of such metropole. Position controlled strategic points. -Settler colonialism large scale settling... Continue reading "Steps to war - aggression by japan, italy and germany 1931-1939" »

Joseph Pulitzer: Pioneer of Popular Press

Born in Hungary in 1847, Joseph Pulitzer, a Jewish immigrant, initially sought to join European armies but was unsuccessful. At 17, he left home for the USA, intending to fight in the American Civil War, but arrived after its conclusion.

His career began at the Westliche Post, a German-language newspaper for immigrants in St. Louis, Missouri. By age 20, he had obtained American citizenship. He then joined the St. Louis Dispatch, where he honed sensationalist techniques. Soon after, he purchased the Dispatch and merged it with the Evening Post, creating the St. Louis Post-Dispatch.

Shaping Sensationalism and Reform

This newspaper became the platform where he developed the journalistic formula that brought... Continue reading "Titans of American Journalism: Pulitzer and Hearst's Enduring Legacy" »

Italian Unification

Background

In 1848, Italy was divided into seven kingdoms. There was a strong desire to unify the country, but discussions arose about who should lead the process:

• The Pope (Pius IX) was considered, but he refused to fight against the Austrians.
• The King of Piedmont, governed by the House of Savoy, was the other option.

Ultimately, the House of Savoy was chosen to lead the unification process.

1st Stage (1859-1861)

Piedmont, under its Prime Minister Cavour, secured the support of France (Napoleon III) in exchange for Nice and Savoy. The Austrians were defeated in Magenta and Solferino, leading to the annexation of Lombardy and Central Italy by the Italians. In the south, Garibaldi, with his "Thousand Red Shirts" (or "Expedition... Continue reading "Italian and German Unification in the 19th Century" »

PSOE Members Overwhelmingly Approve Coalition with Unidas Podemos

The militants of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) have approved this Saturday by an overwhelming majority the agreement signed between Pedro Sanchez and Pablo Iglesias for a coalition government of the Socialist party with Unidas Podemos.

The agreement of the Socialists with the formation of Iglesias last November 12 has obtained the support of 92% of the militants who have voted, as reported by socialist sources to 98% of the scrutiny.

PSOE Consultation Results

The consultation of the bases, which is binding, according to the federal statutes of the PSOE, has had a participation of 63%, almost 12 points higher than the 2016 consultation when the PSOE asked the militancy... Continue reading "PSOE Members Approve Coalition with Unidas Podemos" »

Theme: Progress

Text analysis: Persuasion

Technique:

• Logical appeal: this technique uses reason and evidence to support a position.
• Emotional appeal: This technique creates strong feelings, such as fear and anger, to influence readers' opinions.
• Ethical appeal: This technique refers to values and principles which the reader is likely to believe in strongly.

Reading skill: Recognize ideas

Victorian writers use complex sentences filled with phrases, clauses, and modifiers.

Strategies:

• Clarify meaning by identifying the main subject and verb of a sentence.
• Watch for patterns in the text, such as repeated sentence structures, that the author uses to organize thoughts.
• Once you identify the idea of a passage, reread it. Consider the details you initially skipped

The Fourteenth Amendment

The Fourteenth Amendment granted citizenship rights to all people born in the United States.

The Fifteenth Amendment

The Fifteenth Amendment prohibited states from depriving citizens the right to vote based on race.

The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson

President Andrew Johnson was impeached by the House of Representatives, but was acquitted by the Senate by one vote.

Plessy v. Ferguson

The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that racial segregation laws for public facilities were constitutional as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality.

Jim Crow Laws

Jim Crow laws were a system of laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

The Thirteenth Amendment

The Thirteenth Amendment abolished... Continue reading "A Comprehensive Overview of American History: Key Events and Turning Points" »