Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Reported Speech Exercises

Exercise 1

1. Paula said that she hadn’t mentioned anything.
2. The manager ordered us to keep those documents in the cupboard.
3. Eric asked me why Lucy was worried.
4. The gardener said that the flowers had died because of the lack of rain.
5. My grandmother suggested going to a restaurant instead of cooking at home.
6. The teacher wanted to know if the students had been listening during her lecture.
7. The headmaster affirmed that they would take the rest the following Monday.
8. My boss asked me how often I had missed work the month before.

Exercise 2

1. Mum warned me not to forget to wear sunscreen.
2. The man asked if the plane had landed yet.
3. Jill wondered whether they had gone to the party.
4. The teacher explained that we could hand in the project the

Character Descriptions from the Book

• Sniff: A person who recognizes changes early.
• Scurry: A person who decides to take action faster regarding changes.
• Hem: A person who always resists change; someone who feels apprehensive about changing.
• Haw: A person who always considers that change is good and decides to embrace it.

Which Character Do You Identify With?

Personally, I identify with Haw because I adapt when there is a change. I have decided that I want to move forward in my life and my studies, and in the future, I want to have a job.

What Is Your Cheese?

I am looking for changes in my life; I want to earn my degree, find work, meet new people, continue studying, and find a wife.

Key Lessons and Sentences from the Book

• Change happens: We have to know

English Grammar Essentials

English Verb Tenses

Present Tenses

• Present Simple: I work, I don't work.
• Present Continuous: I am working, I am not working.
• Present Perfect: I have worked, I haven't worked.
• Present Perfect Continuous: I have been working, I haven't been working.

Past Tenses

• Past Simple: I worked, I didn't work. Common time expressions: last week, yesterday, ago.
• Past Continuous: I was working, I wasn't working. Common time expressions: at that moment, while, when.
• Past Perfect: I had worked, I hadn't worked. Common time expressions: never, since, for, already, just, still, yet, before.
• Past Perfect Continuous: I had been working, I hadn't been working.

Future & Conditional Tenses

• Future Simple (Will): I will work, I won't work.
• Future Simple

Essential English Vocabulary and Expressions

• Poor: Pobre
• Buzz: Diversión
• Guess: Adivinar
• Rarely: Raramente
• Research: Estudio
• Citizens: Ciudadanos
• Civil servant: Funcionario
• Time off: Tiempo libre
• Richer: Rico / Ganar dinero
• Government: Gobierno
• Remind: Recuerdo
• Enjoyable: Disfrutable
• Relaxing: Relajante
• Dull: Aburrido
• Exciting: Excitante
• Interesting: Interesante
• Frustration: Frustrante
• Minority: La minoría
• Majority: La mayoría
• Less than half: Menos de la mitad
• Survey: Encuesta
• Average: Media
• Percentage: Porcentaje
• Annoying: Molesto
• Waste time: Perder el tiempo
• Have a break: Tener un descanso
• Have a laugh: Reír
• Spend pocket money: La paga
• Owns: Poseer
• More: Más
• Findings: Resultados
• To set up: Organizar
• Sponsor: Patrocinador / Espontáneo
• A helping hand: Echar una mano
• Earthquake:

Infinitive - Past Simple - Past Participle

English Grammar Exercises

1. Complete the Sentences by Matching A to B

1. Be sure to be at the gate at least 30 minutes before... D. Departure
2. Are there any... E. First class seats available?
3. You will need to... C. Transfer to a different plane in Edinburgh.
4. Fill in all your... B. Credit details before clicking on “Book.”
5. What is your... A. Destination on this trip?

2. Adjectives: Right or Wrong?

Say if the adjectives in bold are right (R) or wrong (W).

1. The man on the phone sounded really worried... R
2. I was disappointed not to get the job... R
3. The talk was rather confusing, I thought... R
4. I was fascinated by the exhibition... R
5. After playing all afternoon, they were tired... R
6. Peter told us an amusing story... R
7. This program about astronomy

Common English Irregular Verbs

This reference list provides common English verbs categorized by their conjugation type, showing their forms in the Present Tense and the Simple Past Tense.

Regular Verbs

Regular verbs form their past tense by adding -ed.

Irregular Verbs

Irregular verbs do not follow the standard -ed pattern for the past tense.