Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Computers

Forward Engineering Defined

Forward engineering is the traditional process of moving from high-level abstractions and logical designs to the physical implementation of a system.

Understanding Reverse Engineering

Reverse engineering (RE) is the process of duplicating an existing part, sub-assembly, or product without original drawings, documentation, or a computer model.

It is also defined as the process of obtaining a geometric Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model from 3-D points acquired by scanning or digitizing existing parts.

Alternative Name for Reverse Engineering

The process is often referred to as the Physical-to-Digital process.

Key Purposes of Reverse Engineering (RE)

Reverse engineering serves several critical functions, including:

• The user

Java Linked List Implementation

Inserting Elements at Positions

public void insertPos() {
    if (isEmpty()) {
        throw new EmptyCollectionException("Lista");
    } else {
        LinearNode actual = first;
        LinearNode nuevo = null;
        int posActual = 1;
        while (actual != null) {
            nuevo = new LinearNode(posActual);
            nuevo.next = actual.next;
            actual.next = nuevo;
            actual = nuevo.next;
            nElements++;
            posActual++;
        }
    }
}

Skipping Iterator Implementation

private class SkippingIteratorImpl implements Iterator<T> {
    private Node<T> current;

    public SkippingIteratorImpl() {
        current = first;
        if (first != null) {

Differences Between TCP and UDP

• TCP: Connection-oriented, bytes delivered in order, arbitrary length content, flow control matches sender to receiver, and congestion control matches sender to network.
• UDP: Connectionless, messages may be lost, limited message size, can send regardless of receiver state, and can send regardless of receiver network.

TCP Connection Management

Explain using figures where and how the 3-way handshaking is used. Explain using figures how TCP releases connections (refer to the other side of this paper).

• Normal case
• Simultaneous connect

Computing Adaptive Timeout

Keep smoothed estimates of the RTT and variance in RTT. Update estimates with a moving average. Set timeout to a multiple of estimates to estimate the upper RTT in... Continue reading "Essential Networking Concepts: TCP, UDP, and Congestion" »

Optimization Problem and LP Relaxation

The objective function for an optimization problem is: Min 3x – 2y, with constraints x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0. x and y must be integers. Suppose that the integer restriction on the variables is removed. If so, this would be a familiar two-variable linear program; however, it would also be an example of an LP relaxation of the integer linear program.

Integers in Linear Programs

Integers cannot be used in linear programs.

• False

Simple Linear Regression Model

In a simple linear regression model, y = b0 + b1x + eb1, b1 represents the intercept.

Time Series Recurring Pattern

A time series that shows a recurring pattern over one year or less is said to follow a cyclical pattern.

Binary Integer Program Variables

In binary integer... Continue reading "Fundamentals of Optimization and Statistical Modeling" »

EXT2018.OA´WOMEN REALLY´

1.a-P1: A recent study found that women tend to live longer than men. b-P3: The academics also discovered that women have a stronger immune system.

• a-harsh
• b-hardship
• c-underpinnings
• d-outlive

4.p1: Danish researchers analyzed 19th-century data. p2: Research showed that women outlive men. p3: Males have a higher mortality rate even if...

ORD2018.OB·`Shop hires...`

1.a-P2: But it is important for businesses to understand their customers. b-P4: We thought it was an emotional and exciting experience.

• a-actually
• b-aware
• c-stressful
• d-understanding

4.p1: At the shop, Fabio performed. p2: When Fabio, the staff. p3: The staff had become...

ORD2017.OB`The victorian...`

1.a-P2: People would gather to observe. b-P3: The tableaus were a frozen... Continue reading "Gender Disparities in Mortality Rates and Immune System Function" »

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Office Facilities and Personnel

• Assist: Be in charge of, describe, develop, explain how to use, hire (contatar), sell.
• Cafeteria: Car park, conference room, ground floor, kitchen, lobby, maintenance, reception, stockroom, toilet, top floor, warehouse.
• Appointment (cita): Business card, clerk (dependiente), do business, employee, employer, escalator, interview, name plate, receptionist, research and development department, title.

Administrative Tasks and Business Operations

• Answer incoming calls: Data entry, deliver the message, distribute the incoming mail, file documents (archivar), keep a log (mantener registro), keep track of (llevar registro), order supplies, prepare a presentation, receive visitors, schedule a meeting, screen a call, search