Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Baccalaureate

DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Susan is who failed

THAT: Denis is the boy that has a cat (se puede quitar)

WHICH/THAT: This is the book which/that I read yesterday

WHOSE: That is the girl whose parents went to Paris

WHERE: This is the beach where I went on summer

WHEN: August is the month when I have my holiday

NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

WHO: Marta, who studied a lot, got a 10 in the exam

WHICH: Matilda, which I have read many times, is a really cool book

REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES

→ Present participle (-ing) replaced by active form

Se quita who’s, that’s…

Do you know who’s studying?

→ Past participle replace passive verbs

Some of the questions that were included were difficult

Who/That→ para personas (quien)

Which/That→para cosas (el cual)... Continue reading "Understanding Relative Clauses: Definitions and Examples" »

Unit 8 Test

Vocabulary and Grammar, Page 11

1. sweet tooth 6. source

2. shelf life 7. bland

3. gone off 8. health-conscious

4. adequate 9. staple

5. sweetener 10. edible

2. 1. to 2. as 3. on 4. for 5. with

3. 1. food for thought 2. eat humble pie 3. don’t bite off more than you can chew 4. put all your eggs in one basket 5. are not my cup of tea

Page 24

1. were used to 4. so

2. nor 5. would

3. had better

5. Accept all logical and grammatically correct answers.

6. 1. going 6. if

2. have 7. must

3. which / that 8. such

4. had / got 9. get

5. should / must 10. so

Unit 8 Test Level 2

Vocabulary and Grammar, Page 11

1. changed my mind 6. shelf life

2. run out of 7. raw

3. gone off 8. shortage

4. sweet tooth 9. treat

5. health-conscious 10. source

2. 1. live up to 4. get... Continue reading "Unit 8 Test: Vocabulary, Grammar, and Comprehension" »

above-average temp / heat wave / bitterly cold / lightning / changeable / mild (tmp suaus) / pourinc (xàfec) / flooding /severe / frost (gelada) /hailstone (pedregada)/ thunderstorms (tempesta) / weird (estrany) unpredictable.

high-speed / cold-blooded / well-known /curly-hair (rizado) / performance- enchancing (augment rendiment) /four-lagged / selfcleaning/ hard working / star-shaped / ear-cracking / star-shaped / strange-looking / well trained/ 

endangered/ posisonous / deadly / prey / feathers / cute / bug / tough (dur) / survive /feed on / breed / disguses / swallow / harm / lay eggs / tails / leap (saltiró)

first of all, secondly, What's is more, Finally, to sum up, i personally believe, It's clear to me that,

due to (+ noun) debido a.... Continue reading "Human performance " »

Vocabulary for Urban Living

Neighbour: person living near you

Zip code: code of letters and digits added to a postal address

Post code: postal number for the area of the city where you live in

Parking lot: place where vehicles can be parked in

Car park: place where vehicles can be parked in

Elevator: small room that carries people/goods up and down a building

Lift: device that carries people/goods up and down inside buildings

Make a name for yourself: become famous/respected by a lot of people

Make a start on/get going: begin something

Get the picture: understand what you are told

Have something against: object to something

To do your utmost: do your best

Have no option (but to do something): not have the possibility to do something else

Make a list of:... Continue reading "Vocabulary for Urban Living: Neighbors, Parking, and Housing" »

Conditionals

Understanding and correctly using conditional sentences is crucial for clear communication in English. Here's a breakdown:

• Zero Conditional: If + present simple, present simple. (Used for general truths or facts)
• First Conditional: If + present simple, will + infinitive. (Used for real or likely future possibilities)
• Second Conditional: If + past simple, would + infinitive. (Used for hypothetical or unlikely situations)
• Third Conditional: If + past perfect, would have + past participle. (Used for unreal past situations and their hypothetical results)

Mixed Conditionals (less common, combining different types):

• If + past perfect, would + infinitive (Example: If I had studied harder, I would be a doctor now.)
• If + past simple, would have

English Grammar Cheat Sheet

Past Simple vs. Present Perfect

Past Simple

Use for completed actions in the past.

Time markers: yesterday, last week, two days ago, when

Present Perfect

Use for actions that started in the past and continue to the present.

Time markers: never, ever, already, just, yet, lately, for, since

For negative sentences, use the corresponding positive tense.

Questions

Use the same tense as the original statement.

Structure: (wh + verb + subject + verb + rest of the sentence)

If there's only one verb, conjugate the verb 'to be' in the corresponding tense.

Question words:

• What - qué
• When - cuándo
• Where - dónde
• How many - cuánto
• Who - quién
• Why - por qué
• Which - cuál

Relative Clauses

Defining

No commas needed. If the relative pronoun is the... Continue reading "English Grammar Cheat Sheet: Mastering Key Concepts" »

Vocabulary Pricing

Penetration Pricing

When a company offers a limited-time discount and then raises the price. Examples: telephone agencies, insurance.

Premium Pricing

A strategy where a company prices its product higher than competitors. Examples: Apple, Ferrari.

Price Skimming

A strategy where a firm charges the highest initial price customers will pay and then gradually lowers it. Example: Apple lowers the price of previous iPhone models when they release a new one.

Captive Pricing

A strategy used for products with a core component and expensive accessories. Example: Printing machines are cheap, but the necessary accessories are expensive.

Predatory Pricing

The illegal act of setting prices low to eliminate competition.

Loss Leadership Pricing

Involves... Continue reading "Pricing Strategies, AIDA Model, Persuasive Techniques, and Advertising Appeals in Marketing" »

A Rainy Day Reunion

It had been a long and rainy day. Michael had been working all day and was very tired and hungry.

He decided to go and have dinner at a restaurant which was very near his office. He put his raincoat on, took his umbrella, and headed to the street.

The restaurant was full. So, he decided to sit at the bar and order some fish and chips. While Michael was waiting, he looked around and saw a familiar face.

Wow, he thought, that's Margaret. I haven't seen her for ages. Margaret had been his classmate at secondary school.

They both smiled at each other and Michael said hello. They talked about their lives.

To Margaret's surprise. Michael is engaged to Hanna. She was Margaret's flatmate when they were at university.

Job Interview Preparation:

ñ6Dear Sir or Madam,

I ordered a new tablet computer (a Gamma Pi 8 Pro at 187.50) from your website on 5th February. My order was placed at 18:30 and I received a confirmation email.The money was taken from my account the next day.

Unfortunately, when the tablet arrived it had been damaged and the screen was cracked. When I called your Customer

Help Line, I was told that I had to send it back.I sent it back immediately, but I still haven't received a replacement.

I would appreciate it if you could send a replacement or refund my money within one week. I have never had any problems using your website before and am disappointed

this has not been resolved sooner. I look forward to your reply and a quick resolution to this problem.

Tours faithfully

Maggie... Continue reading "jsjsjsjsj" »