Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for University

Essential Kitchen Utensils

Kitchen utensils, or preparation utensils, are the small, non-electrical tools used in a kitchen.

List of Kitchen Utensils

• Larding Needle – An elongated tool used to fill different types of meats and poultry.
• Sieve – A tool for sifting.
• Trussing Needle – Used to sew meat after it has been filled, with a thread and needle.
• China Cap – A type of fine-mesh strainer.
• Cloth/Fabric Strainer – A strainer made of cloth.
• Colander – A standard kitchen strainer.
• Strainer – A fine strainer, also used for sifting.
• Fish Scale Remover / Scraper – Used to remove fish scales.
• Fishbone Tweezers – Tweezers for removing fish bones.
• Meat Mallet – Used to tenderize meat.
• Rubber Spatula – A flexible spatula.
• Rolling Pin – Used

Recycling and Waste Management Around the World

Interesting Facts

• In Japan, plastic from landfill sites gets into the sea and kills 10,000 fish each year.
• The Zabaleen take away rubbish from people who live in Cairo.
• In Senegal, people use old paper to wrap bread and fruit.
• People in India think cows are special animals.
• New Zealand has some interesting ideas about...
• The best recycling state in the USA is California.
• If you are driving around Germany, you will see recycling bins at all shopping places.
• In Switzerland, recycling is free, but throwing away your rubbish is expensive.
• Finland pays people to recycle their bottles and cans.
• You cannot bring plastic bags into Zanzibar.
• Gardeners like to make compost from bits of old fruit and vegetables.
• Shakespeare'

Understanding Intelligence: Abstract vs. Contextual

Is intelligence an abstract mental processing ability, independent of context and knowledge? Or are all mental processes dependent upon context and knowledge?

Theories of Intelligence

• Intelligence Quotient (IQ): Unitary, Abstract
• Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory of Intelligence: Modular + Abstract Process
• Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory: Modular / Includes Content + Knowledge
• Emotional Intelligence (EQ)

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

• Compares cognitive ability against the rest of the population.
• Measures spatial, mathematical, language, and memory abilities.
• Measures reasoning and problem-solving abilities, but not knowledge.
• Useful as a predictor of academic success, but not much more.

Spatial Intelligence

What Defines Us as Human Beings?

What are the essential characteristics that define us as human beings? We can approach this question by comparing ourselves with other creatures, examining their senses, abilities, and manifestations of animal intelligence.

Comparison with Other Creatures

We must look backward at our distant ancestral past and forward at the development of artificial intelligence (AI).

Key Human Characteristics

• The capacity to communicate, interact, and exchange thoughts or different points of view.
• The ability to subsist by working and creating new social links with people.

We are different from animals, yet fundamentally similar in the drive to subsist and stay alive. However, while animals behave in a wild way, humans are expected... Continue reading "Human Definition, Evolution, and the Nature of Intelligence" »

One of the dynamic gains from trade is the diffusion of technological advance. Can you explain this gain and the impact on domestic companies? 10 points.

The dynamic gains refer to the relationship between trade and economic growth. The economy experiences increases in its stock of productive factors because a technological innovation helps a country's existing stock of factors to become more efficient. This means in our model the PPF has a growth.

The United States has used quotas to protect its domestic sugar industry. What has been the likely impact of these quotas on the world price of sugar (relative to the price that would exist under free trade)? 10 points.

Quotas restrict the amount of foreign competition in the marketplace, so that means... Continue reading "Understanding Trade Dynamics and Policies Impact" »

1 Inside The larynx there are two flaps of muscle which are called the vocal or folds

vocal cords.

2 The space Between them is known as the glottis.

-wide Glottis /p/ /f/ /s/

- narrow Glottis /h/

-vocal Folds’ vibration

-tigtitly Closed ?  -when we cough

Producing sounds              air---stop the flow of air—move to Articulators—produce release

3 When they Are tightly closed they can be made to produce a glottal stop.

4 When they Are close together and air is passed between them, the resulting vibration is Called voicing or phonation.

5 Three Variables in this vibration that are relevant in speech are: intensity: high/low levels, frequency amount Vibration/regularity, quality whispering/breathy.

1 When a Word is written with phonetic

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In music, a sound that has a definite pitch is called a

a.  noise.         b. dynamic accent.     c.  sound.        d.  tone.

2.  The vibrations of brass instruments come from

a.  the vibrations of a string                b.            a single reed.

c.  the right hand of the musician.       d. the musician’s lips.

3.  The ___________ belongs to the woodwind family

        a. trumpet                    b. flute

c.  violin                     d. organ

4.  Which of the following percussion instruments have indefinite pitch?

        a. Snare drum              b. Chimes

c.  Tympani               ... Continue reading "Music Theory Fundamentals: A Quiz" »

Sensation & Perception

Brain & Learning

Theories & Concepts

Sensation and Perception

Sensation: Receiving stimuli.

Perception: Understanding stimuli.

Selective attention: Focusing on a specific aspect of experience.

Selective perception: Recalling only circumstances that confirm our beliefs.

Cognitive Frameworks

Paradigms (Frames): Theoretical frameworks.

Paradigm shift: Change in the overriding theoretical framework.

Neuroplasticity: Brain's capacity to change based on experience.

Functional fixedness: Getting locked into one way of thinking.

Determinism vs. Free Will

Determinism: Belief in being governed by external forces (biological, Freudian, behavioral).

Free will: Belief in being a result of choices made.

• Internal locus of control: Taking responsibility.
• External locus of control: Blaming others.

Self-Talk