Athenian Society and Government in the 5th Century BC
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The Classical Era of Athens (5th Century BC)
The 5th century BC constituted the apex of the polis, highlighting the rivalry between Athens and Sparta.
The Polis of Athens
Athens was located in the region of Attica. The city stretched from the Acropolis, where the temples of the gods were situated, down to the base of the hill. The Agora (public square) was the center of urban life. The entire city was surrounded by a wall that connected it to the port of Piraeus.
Athenian Social Organization
Athenian society was based on slavery and was divided into distinct groups:
- Citizens: A very small group consisting of Athenian males over 20 years of age. Although economic differences existed among members, all citizens possessed the same political rights.
- Women: