Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Teaching & Education

Response Through Action (TPR):

Even in our mother tongue, we do not always respond to a linguistic message with another linguistic message. Very often, the fact of doing something is an adequate response to a message just received. So, a physical answer is also a way to prove partial or total comprehension (when the child hears 'Come here', he/she does not answer 'I'm coming'. He/she simply does it).

Besides, we often understand more than we are able to speak so in the first steps learning a language, a physical response plays an especially significant role.

Teach Full Subjects in English (CLIL):

CLIL refers to teaching subjects to students through a foreign language and suggests equilibrium between content and language learning. The non-language... Continue reading "Effective Language Learning Strategies for Children" »

Memo: a message or other information in writing sent by one person or department to another in the same business organization.

MEMO

Date: March 28th

To: All Managers

From: Peter Smith (General Manager)

After the meeting with the representatives of Alicante Tours on Wednesday 21st March, we came to the following agreement:

• Alicante Tours will provide customers to our hotel and will benefit from a 10% immediate discount as long as the stay booked includes at least three nights. Please take it into account for billing and invoicing. Regards, Peter Smith.

Cover

To the attention of Ms. Valère

I am writing to express my desire to work at the Marriott International Marbella Hotel, for the job announced in your newsletter.

I enclose my CV, which reflects my... Continue reading "Job Application for Marriott International Marbella Hotel" »

Past Simple

Use: For a past finished action.

Past Continuous

Use: For an... Continue reading "English Verb Tenses: A Comprehensive Guide with Examples" »

Clause Fragments

Clause Fragments occur when a dependent clause is not attached to an independent clause. A sentence is missing a verb or a subject.

How to Correct a Fragment:

• Give the subject an adequate verb. Give the verb a subject.
• Combine the fragment with the sentence before or after it.
• Change a word or two in the fragment and make it into a sentence.

Avoiding Double Negative Constructions

Double negation is grammatically incorrect: any negative proposition must only contain one negative. Some pronouns or adverbs such as no, nothing (not anything), nobody (not anybody), never (not ever) are called negative terms.

When negation already exists in the sentence, the following are used:

• Any instead of no, anything instead of nothing, anybody instead

Terms:

At the moment, in hundreds of countries it is very Common to study at home (homeschooling) instead of at school, although there Are arguments for and against this practice.

One of the Arguments for of homeschooling is that you have a more flexible horary and you Can organize yourself better. What,s more you can study things that you like And are interested in.

On the Other hand, many people think that studying at home is not good because you do Not have classmates and you do not interact with anyone, and that, in the Future will affect. Also, you do not go to excursions and school trips.

All in all, I think it is better to study in a school but it Doesn`t have to be illegal to study in your home, if your parents and you want.

Discourse and Society

Discourse Community

It is a group of people involved in and communicating about a particular topic, issue, or in a particular field.

Characteristics:

• Well-established or closed networks
• Made of several overlapping groups of people
• Belonging to different discourse communities can be very different
• Genres and the social relations can also vary
• Interact with wider speech communities

Common Goals:

Common objectives or public goals.

Intercommunication:

Mechanisms of communication. (Conversations, Facebook posts, face-to-face at meetings, speeches)

Participation:

Participatory mechanisms to provide information and feedback. In other words, the exchange of knowledge.

Genres:

One or more genres in the communicative utterance of its aim. (Public... Continue reading "Understanding Discourse, Speech Communities, and Pragmatics" »

Composition

A piece of writing undertaken as an academic exercise in grammatically acceptable writing; an essay.

The parts of which something is composed or made up; constitution.

A work of music, art, or literature.

The Writing Process

THE WRITING PROCESS

• The writing process explains what we do and helps us understand why we do it that way.

Prewriting involves anything you do to help yourself decide what your central idea is or what details, examples, reasons, or content you will include.

The Writing Process consists of 5 stages

• Invention
• Organization
• Drafting
• Revision
• Editing

Invention

Often makes the difference between adequate and good/great.

• Author needs to know what they are going to write about and have something to say.
• Thesis - Audience - Purpose

Organization

• Organization

Fronted object

Fronted object= “ This I do not understand” ; “Why he came this way I will probably never know”. The object of the clause is in initial position. Many different structures occur as fronted objects, such as nouns, pronouns(1) and complement clauses(2).

Fronted nominals other than object

Fronted nominals other than object= “Whether Nancy was there or not, she could not be certain”. A nominal structure is in initial position, such as the complement the adjective “certain” in the example here “ She could not be certain whether Nancy was there or not”

Fronted predicatives

Fronted predicatives= “ Far more serious were the severe head injuries” ; “ The larger the base the easier it will be to perform the action”;... Continue reading "Fronted Objects, Predicatives, and Non-finite Constructions in English" »

PREGUNTAS: