Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Spanish

Preguntas de entrevista en español e inglés

Las preguntas siguientes aparecen en español, seguidas de su traducción al inglés. Se han corregido la ortografía, la gramática y la capitalización sin eliminar contenido.

• ¿Por qué solicitaste este puesto?
  Why did you apply to this company for this position?
• ¿Qué titulación o experiencia tienes para este puesto?
  What qualifications or experience do you have that qualify you for this position?
• ¿Cuáles son tus metas a corto y largo plazo?
  What are your short-term and long-term career goals?
• ¿Dónde crees que encajas en esta empresa?
  Where do you see yourself fitting into this company?
• ¿Cómo crees que podrás lograr tus metas?
  How do you believe you will be able to accomplish your career goals

Subject-Verb Agreement: Has vs. Have

• Has: He, She, It
• Have: I, You, We, They

Irregular Verbs: Past Participle List

• be (been), beat (beaten), become (become), begin (begun), bite (bitten), blow (blown), break (broken), bring (brought), build (built), buy (bought), catch (caught), choose (chosen), come (come), cost (cost), cut (cut), do (done), draw (drawn), dream (dreamed/dreamt), drink (drunk), drive (driven), eat (eaten), fall (fallen), feel (felt), fight (fought), find (found), fly (flown), forget (forgotten), forgive (forgiven), get (got), give (given), go (gone), grow (grown), hang (hung), have (had), hear (heard), hide (hidden), hit (hit), hold (held), hurt (hurt), keep (kept), know (known), learn (learned/learnt), leave (left), lend (lent)

Mary Maloney at the Start of the Story

1. How would you describe Mary at the beginning of the story? ¿Cómo describirías a Mary al comienzo de la historia?

There was a slow smiling air about her, and about everything she did. The drop of her head as she bent over her sewing was curiously tranquil. Her skin—for this was her sixth month with child—had acquired a wonderful translucent quality; the mouth was soft, and the eyes, with their new placid look, seemed larger and darker than before.

Mary's Feelings for Her Husband

2. In general, how does the woman feel about her husband? Do you think she is in love with him? Look for 3 things that show she is in love with him. En general, ¿cómo se siente la mujer con respecto a su esposo? ¿Crees

approach:hablar con..accurate:preciso autogrpah:autografo accuse of:acusar de apply for/to: solicitar arrive at/it: llegar a affluent:adinerado available:disponible access:acceso amount: cantidad avoid:evitar a breath of fresh air:un soplo a drop in the ocean:una gota en el mar bitter:amargo bright:vivo blind:ciego bodyguard:guardaespaldas ban:prohibir belly:vientre break down:averiarse romperse burglar:ladron bring up:criar crash:bloquearse crawl:gatear close up:primer plano carbon dioxide:dioxido de carbono charge the mobile phone:cargar crop:cosecha cut down:reducir carbon footprint:huella de carbono  consist of:constar de complain about/of:quejarse de catch a bus:autobus catch a cold:resfriado catch a fire:fuego catch one’s breath:aliento... Continue reading "English Vocabulary: Essential Words and Phrases" »

UNIT 7 (VOCABULARY):

- Board games, camping, chess, cycling, dance, drawing, music, photography, singing

ZERO CONDITIONALS: To talk about facts (when = if)

1- IF + present simple + present simple

Example: When you paint, you need paints and paper.

2- Use a comma if IF or WHEN is at the beginning.

Example: If Dad plays chess, he usually wins.

FIRST CONDITIONALS: will/can/may/might/could

1- IF + present simple + will + infinitive

2- When IF is not at the beginning, no comma is needed.

Example: If you take music lessons, you will learn to read music.

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES:

Verbs followed by -ING (avoid, enjoy, finish, imagine, mind, miss, first, practise)

Example: She likes going to the cinema. I like playing hockey.

VERB + TO + INFINITIVE:

(agree, decide,... Continue reading "English Grammar: Conditionals, Gerunds, Infinitives, and Modals" »

Used To vs. Be Used To

Used to / Didn't use to + Infinitive = solía / no solía

(Be) Used to + -ing = estar acostumbrado a * (Am/are/is/was/were/will be)

Prepositions in the Media

• ON: TV / The radio / The Internet / The web / Channel
• IN: The media / The press / The newspaper / Newspapers / magazines

THE NEWS – las noticias

• ON the news – un programa específico - Yesterday I saw it on the news.
• IN the news – las noticias de la prensa en general – Kobe Bryant’s accident is in the news.

All / Everyone, Everybody, Everything

• Every-one/body/thing
• Everyone/everybody –---------------------------- 3a pers singular!!!!
• Se puede sustituir por ALL THE PEOPLE ----- 3a pers. Plural!!!
• ALL nunca sustituye a EVERYTHING
• ALL solo se usa con oraciones de relativo

Present Simple: Acciones habituales (always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, never). Present Continuous: Cosas que suceden mientras se habla (at the moment, now, today). Past Simple: (yesterday, last week, when, two days ago). Past Continuous: (while, as in that moment, when). Perfect: (never, since, yet, just, already). Be Going To: (plans, intentions y predicciones evidentes). Be + ING: (ho spas certisim, in October). Will + INF: (ofrecimientos, preguntas).

Who, Which, Where, When, Whose, Why

So: tan, así que, por lo que. So That: de modo que, para que. For Example: por ejemplo.... Continue reading "Understanding English Tenses and Grammar Rules" »

English Grammar and Vocabulary Essentials

Zero Article

• Plural, uncountable nouns and general: hours, days
• Before languages and meals

A

• Countable: To describe what something is

The

• Specific, known places
• Superlatives

Some/Any

• Some: Used in positive sentences, offers, and requests
• Any: Used in negative sentences and questions asking for information

Third Conditional

• If + subject + HAD (past perfect), subject + would have + past participle

Complex Dependent Sentences

• Lack meaning on their own

Compound-Complex Sentences

• An independent clause + subordination + dependent + comma + FANBOYS + independent
• I went to class, even though I was sleepy, and I learned a lot.

Subordinating Conjunctions

• After - después
• Although
• As - como, a medida que
• Because
• Before - antes
• If
• Once

Common Spanish Phrases and Expressions

• Vivir separados - To live apart.
• Ponerse de moda - To become fashionable.
• A largo plazo - Long term.
• Llover a cántaros - To rain cats and dogs.
• Enfermo mental - Mentally ill.
• De milagro - By a miracle.
• Sino todo lo contrario - Quite the reverse.
• Seguir los pasos de - To follow the footsteps of.
• Alistarse en el ejército - To join the army.
• Poco después - Shortly afterwards.
• Una mosquita muerta - A wolf in sheep's clothing (not 'a candy ass').
• No cabe duda - There is no doubt.
• Así es la vida - This is the way of life.
• Querer es poder - Where there is a will, there is a way.
• Dar gracias a Dios - To thank one's lucky stars.
• Soportar - To put up with.
• Matar dos pájaros de un tiro - To kill two birds with one stone.
• Tranquilízate