Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Social sciences

Personality

• Individual differences (thinking, feeling)

Aptitude

• Natural ability to do something (SSA)

Interest

• Attract your attention (AAI)

Character

• The way someone thinks, someone's personality

Temperament

• Usual attitude or behavior of a person

Learning Styles

• Visual
  • Spacial
  • Linguistic
  • Mathematical
  • Intrapersonal
• Auditory
  • Musical
  • Linguistic
• Kinaesthetic
  • Bodily
  • Mathematical
  • Interpersonal
• Read/Write
• Kinaesthetic

Multiple Intelligences

• Spatial
  • Uses space
• Linguistic
  • Verbal expression, redaction, etc.
• Mathematical
  • Good with maths
• Intrapersonal
  • Relation with oneself
• Musical
  • Sing, play instruments, etc.
• Bodily
  • Physical activity
• Interpersonal
  • Relation with other people
• Naturistic
  • Appreciate nature

Rydgren: Uncivicness and Populist Voting

Neither mass society nor social capital theories explain support for radical right-wing populism in Eastern Europe (EE). Despite EE's historically weaker social capital compared to Western Europe, empirical results don't link rising populism to weak civil society.

Factors Fostering Extreme Right Movements

1. Diminished roles of family, community, and traditional organizations lead to detachment.
2. Decline of the pluralist society.
3. Social isolation leads to joining authoritarian movements offering 'quasi-communities'.

Social isolation, more common in urban settings, explains support for the radical right.

Varga: Hungary's Far-Right Jobbik

This reading examines post-communist far-right parties, focusing on Jobbik's... Continue reading "Right-Wing Populism in Eastern Europe: Social Capital & Jobbik" »

Democracy:

It is a political system in which power lies with the people.

Main Characteristics:

• Freedom: Related to the idea of justice, equality, and human rights. People are free to give their opinion.
• Power Division: In democracy, political power is divided into three parts: executive done by the government, legislative done by the parliament, and judicial done by the judges.
• Equality: In democracy, all people are supposed to be equal.
• Representative: People take part in politics by voting for their representatives who will legislate or govern.

Political Systems:

• Monarchy: The head of the state is a king or a queen.
• Republic: Where the head of the state is elected.
• Oligarchy: The political system where the authority rules without any limit.

In a democracy,... Continue reading "Democracy: A Political System of Freedom, Power Division, and Equality" »

Franz and the Last Lesson

Franz's Expectations and Regrets

Q. What was Franz expected to be prepared with for school that day?

Franz was expected to be prepared with his lesson on participles, as announced by his French teacher, M. Hamel. However, Franz hadn't studied them.

Q. Why did Franz want to spend his day out of doors?

Franz was tempted by the beautiful weather and the allure of nature, contrasting with the confinement of the classroom.

Q. Why did Franz repent?

Franz repented because he realized the value of education and the importance of his native language, which he had taken for granted.

M. Hamel's Perspective

Q. What are M. Hamel's views about the French language?

M. Hamel cherished the French language, considering it the most beautiful language... Continue reading "Understanding "The Last Lesson": A Q&A Exploration" »

Feminists are also critical of the family. They accept that biological differences exist between women and men. Many differences are actually created by society. The family contributes to the creation of these differences through primary socialization problems. Young children learn how they are expected to behave not only as individual people, but as males and females. Feminists argue that families are patriarchal, based on male power and dominance over women.

Domestic Violence within Families

Some approaches highlight the apparent increase in violence within the home in order to show that families are not necessarily havens for their members.

How Have Relationships within Families Changed Over Time?

Sociologists touch upon issues of gender and... Continue reading "The Feminist Approach: Gender Roles and Changes in Families" »

1.Definition Of methodology?

Science that analyses the way that Other sciences analyse science. Meta+logos=Above science

2.Two Methodologies?

General – Looks commonalities (about identity) of all sciences

Specific – Looks at differences in sciences, not all methods can be used in all sciences

3.Methodenstreit?
1) Monists – Claim there is a single Methodology for all sciences, sciences use more or less the same methodology

2) Dualists – A single methodology cannot be applied to every Science 

4.Goal Of science?
   Practical – To improve the quality of Life
   Theoretical – To seek for the truth

5.Methodological Instrumentalism (Friedman) vs realism (Samuelson)
Debate about explanation and prediction.
Example: Predicting Croatian exchange... Continue reading "Empirical-analytical vs ontological-normative" »

We could define participatory culture as one with:

1. Relatively low barriers to artistic expression and civic engagement,

2. Strong support for creating and sharing creations with others,

3. Some type of informal mentorship whereby what is known by the most Experienced is passed along to novices,

4. Members who believe that their contributions matter, and

5. Members who feel some degree of social connection with one another (at the least, they care what other people think about what they have created).

“Fan” is an abbreviated form of the word “fanatic,” which has its roots In the Latin word “fanaticus.” It assumed more negative connotations, “Of Persons inspired by orgiastic rites and enthusiastic frenzy”

For Jenkins, following

Categories of Countries Receiving Special Attention

• Least Developed Countries (47 countries)
• Landlocked Developing Countries (32 countries)
• Small Island Developing States

Commissions

• Trade and Development Commission
• Investment, Enterprise and Development Commission
• Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD)

The International Labor Organization (ILO)

The ILO is devoted to promoting social justice and internationally recognized human and labor rights. It was established in 1919 and became the first specialized agency of the United Nations in 1946. It has 187 members.

Key Issues

• Youth employment
• Social protection
• Decent work and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

Strategic Objectives

• Promote and realize standards and rights at work.

NORMS AFFECTING TRANSLATION: According to Toury Preliminary norms (which includes translation policy and directness of translation) Operational norms (Matricial norms, Textual-linguistic norms).

Teleworking, also known as remote work, has become more relevant in recent years due to the accelerated digital transformation that the world of work has experienced. This modality of work refers to the possibility of carrying out tasks from any place that has Internet access, allowing employees to have more flexibility in terms of hours and geographic location.

Among the benefits of teleworking are the reduction of costs for the company in terms of infrastructure and services, the reduction of travel time for employees, the possibility of working with professionals from anywhere in the world and the improvement of the reconciliation between work and personal life. Additionally, it can be a viable option for people with disabilities or travel... Continue reading "How do computers affect the way people work spend free time?" »