Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Social sciences

Young LGBT and Intersex Rights and Protection

International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia & Transphobia

Discriminated and made vulnerable: Young LGBT and intersex people need recognition and protection of their rights — International Day against Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia — Sunday 17 May 2015

GENEVA (13 May 2015) – Speaking ahead of the International Day against Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia, a group of United Nations and international human rights experts* call for an end to discrimination and violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex young people and children.

The UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, a group of UN human rights experts*, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, the... Continue reading "Protecting Young LGBT and Intersex Rights Worldwide" »

One of the main ideas is what Adam Smith's economy is based on, and it is the division of labour. He keeps the idea that people work because it is good for them. Adam Smith focused on liberal ideas, which is a free-market, where the government doesn't interfere with the market (laissez-faire). He supported that competition kept everyone honest. Smith is also a big supporter of government favoring war-related industries, so that they would be prepared in case of war. He thought about the importance of the risk. His beliefs were related to the relation between interests and rewards, and risk. If the reward is big, investors tend to forget about the risk. But Smith thought that the danger (real) was big capitalism or entrepreneurs cheating on... Continue reading "Adam Smith's Economic Ideas and the Wealth of Nations" »

p. Of conferral: those Competences that the MS freely accept to confer to the union

p. Of subs:circumst. In which its preferable for action to be taken by the Union, Rather than the MS

p. Of prop: the action of the EU must be limited to What is necessary to achieve the objectives of the treaties.

Excl: commercial, competition, customs Union, monetary, fisheries.

Shared: internal mkt, trasnsport, environment, Agriculture

Directives: legislative act that sets out a Goal that all MS must achieve. The MS achieve particular results without Dictating the means, don’t require implementing measures. Need to be transposed Into national law.

Regulations: legislative act that becomes Unforceable as law in all MS simultaneously.

European Commission: Jean Claude... Continue reading "Law 19983 on" »

Historical facts in the 16^th and 17^th centuries are linked to long-term processes:

The fight for European hegemony: Habsburgs (Spanish) fought other kingdoms (France, England, and the Netherlands) to defend their position as the leading power. Charles V inherited a huge territory, and his son, Phillip II, was able to expand. They were defeated, and in 1648, France became the new leading power.

The Ottoman expansion: Spanish Habsburgs and the Republic of Venice tried to stop the expansion of the Ottomans all over the Mediterranean Sea. At the same time, Austrian Habsburgs tried to do the same in Eastern Europe. Christians battled Muslims in a crusade.

The Reformation and Wars of Religion: In 1517, Martin Luther initiated the Reformation, which... Continue reading "Historical Facts in the 16th and 17th Centuries" »

Position Paper

Good morning, Honorable Chair and fellow delegates. On behalf of the President, the Delegation of China will address the critical issue of child abuse.

The Challenge of Child Abuse in China

China's population is equivalent to 18.47% of the total world population. This significant demographic is crucial to our subject, as there are numerous reports of child abuse cases, which consequently prolong investigations. A major challenge in China is that many investigations are left unresolved due to the sheer volume of cases, allowing some criminals to evade justice.

Government Response and Support Systems

If an accused person is found guilty of psychological abuse, sexual abuse, or physical abuse, the government is committed to exercising... Continue reading "Addressing Child Abuse in China: Challenges and Solutions" »

Question 31-40

31) According to Carly Florina, former CEO of Hewlett-Packard.. D) connecting.

32) An important leadership task involves articulating (except).. C) status.

33) In addition to "selling" their visions, top management.. C) a cadre of globally oriented managers.

34) Yong Nam, CEO of LG, recently.. C) impede information sharing.

35) The ability to speak foreign languages.. A) There are 200 million Chinese children

36) Indra K. Nooyi is chief executive.. B) PepsiCo (USA).

37) Inge G. Thulin is chief executive .. B) 3M (USA).

38) Which of the following has an American woman as the chief executive.. B) PepsiCo (USA)

39) Brazilian Carlos Ghosn is chief executive.. A) Nissan Motor (Japan).

40) Howard Stringer, a native of the United Kingdom.. D)... Continue reading "Global Management and Organizational Structures" »

Socialist Traditions: Utopian Socialism

Defining Utopian Socialism

Utopian socialism is a label used to define the first current of modern socialist thought, with the term originating around 1843. It was invented to convey a negative attitude towards its proponents, suggesting a failure to root their ideas in rigorous social, economic, and political analysis.

Their most important contribution was the delineation of projects for a new, ideal society.

Key Utopian Socialist Thinkers

The most influential authors of that time were:

• Étienne Cabet: His most relevant contribution was the utopian novel Voyage to Icaria, where he described a society founded on the basis of perfect equality in all aspects of life.
• Henri Saint-Simon: He wanted to develop a society

The Origins and Principles of Anarchism

Anarchism is a political philosophy developed in 1840 that advocated self-governed societies based on voluntary institutions.

It reinforced the utopian vision of decentralized communities. Its main contributions to socialism were the intransigent opposition to the state and the belief that a revolutionary movement should prefigure the society it wished to create. Such views contained a critique of the standard views of socialism.

Key Figures in Anarchist Thought

• Pierre-Joseph Proudhon: He was an extremely puritanical Frenchman, anti-feminist, and anti-homosexual. He believed that labor should be the basis for social organization and that all systems of government are oppressive. The first step for the restoration

Increase in Agricultural Production

Amount of land, no technological advances

Intensified Commercial Activity

Surplus in products, travelled in search of new markets

Expansion of Craftsmanship

Workshops controlled by guild, domestic system, new products to Europe

Mercantile Capitalism

Economic growth of banking

• Nobility-clergy
• Bourgeoisie-peasants-laborers

Monarch had more resources so became powerful, they consolidate the authority control powerful of measures

Powerful Armies

Of mercenaries subdue nobles, prohibited armies alliance

Strengthened Bureaucracy

Officials control who supervise the kingdom's affairs

Centralized Power

Creating institutions to serve them

Establish a Court

For institutions function well

Humanism Philosophy

• A renewed interest in classical