Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Secondary education

Consequences of World War II

• The United Nations was created to avoid conflicts and to maintain peace.
• The United States and the Soviet Union went from being allies to enemies, leading to a military and nuclear build-up.
• The United States and the United Kingdom were capitalist; the Soviet Union was communist.
• The two superpowers each wanted to be the world leader.
• Decolonization in Africa and Asia began.
• Disagreements between both blocks led to the Cold War (1947 - 1991).
• NATO was formed as a military pact between the USA and Western countries.
• The Warsaw Pact was formed as a military pact between the USSR and its allies.

Cold War (1947 - 1991)

• When did it start? In 1947.
• What happened? A tense relationship developed between the two blocks.
• Causes? Ideological

Understanding Key Concepts in International Trade

1. Trade Diversion and Trade Creation

Trade Diversion is a shift in the pattern of trade from low-cost world producers to higher-cost Custom Union or FTA members. It is often viewed as welfare-reducing for the world.

On the other hand, Trade Creation refers to the expansion in world trade that results from the formation of a preferential trade agreement.

2. Rules of Origin

Rules of Origin are the requirements that domestic producers or exporters must fulfill in order for their products to be considered as originating in a specific country and receive the benefits of tariff reductions. This measure is created to avoid trade deflection.

These rules define whether a good is eligible for duty-free treatment,...

6) Distribution channels for automobiles in Japan and the United States are similar in that most car buyers in both countries visit dealerships before making a purchase.

8) Kodak adopted a direct involvement approach in Japan by utilizing independent agents, distributors and retailers.

9) A distributor with good contacts is obviously the best one to select in terms of generating quick sales and revenues.

10) When utilizing the services of a local independent distributor, management is well advised to treat the distributor as a temporary market-entry vehicle.

11) An exporter that is new to a particular market would do well to choose a middleman with a reputation for "cherry picking" products.

12) When Carrefour, Tesco, or Walmart set up shop in developing...

C

Circumnavigate

To sail or travel all the way around.

Citadel

A fortress defending a city.

Clandestine

Concealed or secret for an evil purpose.

Classic

Of the highest quality.

Cleave

To cling.

Climatic

Having to do with the climate.

Cloister

Covered walk, with columns on one side.

Clone

An exact duplicate.

Clout

A blow.

Cloy

To cause to feel too full when eating; overly sweet.

Coddle

To baby.

Cogitate

To ponder.

Cohort

A group.

Commemorate

To honor the memory of.

Commiserate

To express sorrow or sympathy for.

Commodious

Spacious, roomy.

Compatible

Harmonious.

Competent

Capable.

Compile

To gather together.

Comply

To act or be in accordance with.

Composed

Calm.

Compromise

A settlement of differences in which each side gives up something.

Compunction

Remorse.

Concave

Curved inward.

Concede

To

18) Mail-Enabling an Existing Contact:

1. Recipient Configuration
2. Mail Contact
3. Existing Contact
4. Locate the contact using the browser
5. OWA

20) Moving a Mailbox with Exchange Management Console:

1. Recipient Configuration
2. Mailbox
3. Select the desired mailbox
4. Move Mailbox
5. Browse and select the target database
6. Skip mailbox check
7. Select "Immediately" for the move timing.

21) Creating an ActiveSync Policy:

1. Organization Configuration
2. Client Access
3. New Exchange ActiveSync Mailbox Policy
4. Enter a name for the policy
5. Enable the "Allow attachments" checkbox (and other desired settings).

22) Assigning an ActiveSync Policy:

1. Recipient Configuration
2. Mailbox
3. Select the desired mailbox and open its properties
4. Mailbox Features
5. Exchange ActiveSync
6. Properties
7. Select the new policy.

23) Creating a

Colonial Conflicts

The Berlin Conference (1885) attempted to establish rules for the colonization of the African continent by European empires. However, the rise of powers such as the German Empire reopened conflicts between European countries. At the beginning of the 20th century, Morocco was the main scene of international tension, as European powers competed to control it. The possibility of war was constantly present.

Rivalry Between Powers and Nationalism

European powers became increasingly nationalistic to defend their interests in Europe and their colonial empires. Some Europeans had nationalist aspirations, while others wanted to defend their great empires. The Balkans became a center of heightened tension. There was also significant rivalry...

Avoiding Plagiarism

• To avoid plagiarism, students must:

1. Summarize and paraphrase sources: Students should rephrase information from sources in their own words, maintaining the original meaning.
2. Reference sources correctly in text: Any information that is not common knowledge must be attributed to its source.
3. Use direct quotes appropriately.
4. Produce a reference list: Create a list of all sources cited in your essay, following the Harvard referencing system.

Researching for Essays

• When researching for an essay, what do students need to take into account when selecting their sources?
• Sources must be reliable.
• Take information from official websites.
• Use a variety of research sources, both printed and electronic (e-sources).

Reading Techniques

• Three different

Mastering Irregular Verbs in English

Spanish - English

Defining The Problem:

1st step is defining the problem. Problem Definition involves discussion with decision makers, interviews with experts, analysis of secondary data. Once defined, research can be designed and conducted properly.

Developing an Approach to the Problem:

Formulating an Objective or Theoretical Framework, analytical models, research questions, and Hypotheses, and identifying the information needed.

Research Design Formulation:

The Blueprint for conducting the market research project, which details the procedures necessary to obtain required information. The purpose is to design a study that will test the hypotheses, determine possible answers to the research questions, and provide information needed for decision making. Addressing...

The Inkhorn Controversy

The Opposition

The wholesale borrowing of words from other languages did not meet with universal favor. The strangeness of the new words was an objection to some people. Some considered the use of learned words mere pedantry and tried to drive them out by ridicule, calling them “inkhorn” terms. Sir Thomas Chaloner is an example.

The strongest objection to the new words was on the score of their obscurity. The great exponent of this view was Thomas Wilson, whose Arte of Rhetorique (1553) was several times reprinted. Of the forty-five such terms he cited, thirty are not found before the 16th century, and the remaining fifteen were of such infrequent occurrence as to be considered by him inkhorn terms. It is notable that...