Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Primary education

causas:france wanted to recover the region of alsace-lorraine,which lost empire in 1871:between 1878and1908 the austro-hungrian empire occupied and then annexed bosnia-herzegovina:industralised european countries expanded empires and competed for control of colonies;britain and germany became involved in a naval arms race.Both countries built a range of powerful.

POST-WAR:the allies ratified 5 treaties at the paris conference which were then

Energy: Capacity for Change

Potential Energy: Stored energy.

Kinetic Energy: Energy from motion.

Conservation of Energy: Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Heat: A usually random form of energy.

Entropy: A measure of disorder or randomness.

Chemical Energy: Energy stored in chemical bonds, such as food.

ATP Molecule

Draw a molecule of ATP: Adenosine-P-P-P

Metabolism

Metabolism: The total of all chemical reactions in an organism, requiring enzymes.

ATP and Cellular Work

ATP energy helps cells perform three types of work:

1. Chemical: Assists chemical reactions.
2. Transport: Performs transport work.
3. Mechanical: Moves muscle fibers, for example.

Enzyme Assistance

How do enzymes assist in chemical reactions?

1. Enzymes provide an active site specific to a substrate

Old English (Anglo-Saxon) Literature (449-1066)

Old English literature, also referred to as Anglo-Saxon literature, is dated between 449/600 (the invasion of Britain by the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes) and 1100/1200 (the establishment of Norman rule). It is hypothesized that until the sixth century BC, the British Isles were inhabited by Iberians, and from the sixth to seventh centuries BC by Celts. It also represents the language, now known as Old English, that was spoken and written by Anglo-Saxons and their descendants in England.

This period was characterized by foreign invasions and internal struggles, resulting in the mixing of several races, languages, and cultures. Life was mostly centered on ancestral tribes or clans. Initially, people... Continue reading "Anglo-Saxon Literature: History, Culture, and Key Works" »

Carbon's Versatility

Carbon is a versatile atom due to its ability to form four covalent bonds with other atoms, including other carbon atoms. This allows carbon to create a wide variety of organic molecules with diverse structures and functions.

Definitions:

• Organic Compound: A compound containing carbon that is typically found in living organisms.
• Hydrocarbon: An organic compound consisting of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
• Macromolecule: A large molecule formed by the joining of smaller repeating units (monomers). Examples include proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.

Dehydration and Hydrolysis Reactions

Dehydration Reaction:

A dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction where water is removed from the reactants to form a larger molecule.... Continue reading "Organic Molecules: Structure and Function" »

Non-renewable Energy

Advantages:

• Cheap
• Easy to store and transport

Disadvantages:

• Greenhouse gases (CO2)
• Will run out
• Pollution and environmental damage

Coal:

Major producer: China. Heat and oxygen react with carbon in coal to produce CO2 and heat.

Oil:

Major producers: Asia, USA, and Europe. Liquid derived from petroleum, used as fuel or lubricant.

Natural Gas:

Major producers: America, Russia, Europe, and China. Less harmful than coal and oil.

Nuclear Energy:

Major producers: Ukraine and Japan. Uses uranium; water turns into steam to produce electricity. Relatively clean (water vapor), reliable.

Renewable Energy

Advantages:

• Sustainable
• Clean
• Reduces CO2 emissions
• Does not pollute the air

Disadvantages:

• Expensive
• Can be noisy (wind)
• Difficult to store
• Dependent on

INCOTERMS

Series of predefined commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce intended to communicate the tasks, costs, and risks associated with the transportation and delivery of goods.

EXW:

Places minimum responsibility on the seller, who merely has to make the goods available suitably packaged. The buyer is responsible for loading the goods into a vehicle and all export procedures.

FCA:

Very flexible rule that is suitable for all situations where the buyer arranges the main carriage. The seller is responsible for export clearance. The buyer assumes all risks and costs after the goods have been delivered at the named place.

FAS:

Seller delivers goods, cleared for export, alongside the vessel at a named port. Risk transfers... Continue reading "Understanding INCOTERMS: A Guide to International Trade" »

Masterpiece

a. A 'masterpiece' is painted by a master who is capable of materializing his own vision as well as expanding the vision of those viewers

b. The artist through his piece can transform a personal experience into a universal one.

c. Stays with you for the rest of your life. Impactful.

d. Feelings should be evoked.

e. Style, Technique, Balance and harmony. Motive.

f. Window to the past.

g. Examples

• The Pieta
  1. Michelangelo’s sculpture of Virgin Mary holding her dying son.
  2. Masterpiece that is simply perfect
  3. Nothing can be done to improve the piece
  4. The figure of Jesus is out of proportion compared to Mary
  5. The statue flows, and the clothes/tunics flow in an extremely realistic manner.
  6. Great attention to detail.
  7. Renaissance ideals of classical beauty

Education: Past and Present

We live in an age where education has become a really important aspect of society. From a young age, everyone tries to teach us the best education and the best morals. Therefore, our parents are continuously searching for the best method to teach us what things we must or must not do in each situation. But is current education better than the old form of education, as nowadays teachers demand a lot of things from children?

A Look Back at Education Twenty Years Ago

Let us take a look at twenty years ago, when school and high school were completely different from the current school. The students saw the teachers as the most important figures in school, and they had great respect for them. But in reality, the teachers... Continue reading "Comparing Education: Past and Present Methods" »