Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Medicine & Health

Vocabulary

1.

• basement = sótano
• orden sth online = pedir algo por internet
• a can of soup = una lata de sopa
• aim = objetivo
• seize the day = aprovecha el día
• to throw litter = tirar a la basura
• health care = cuidado de la salud
• a swimming cap = un gorro de piscina
• economic growth = crecimiento económico

2.

• 1. am having (1)
• 2. don't look (2)
• 3. does she have (2)
• 4. are you looking (1)
• 5. hate (1)

3.

• outgoing = fiestero
• fleece = forro polar
• mittens = manoplas
• sensitive = sensible
• sth fits you = algo que te queda bien
• short-sighted = miope
• understanding = comprensible
• get changed = cambiarse
• bangles = pulseras

4.

• muffins C
• cabbage U
• sauce U
• leuce C
• meat U
• steak C
• jam U

6.

• watching (1)
• to go (2)
• training (1)
• playing (1)
• to sing (2)

7.

• 6-7-5-4-3-1-2
• score
• win
• lose/keep
• came/beat
• broke

8.

• 4-5-

1. Vocabulary

• Basement: sótano
• Aim: objetivo
• Health care: cuidado de la salud
• To order something online: pedir algo por internet
• Seize the day: aprovecha el día
• A swimming cap: un gorro de natación
• A can of soup: lata de sopa
• To throw litter: tirar basura al suelo
• Economic growth: crecimiento económico

2. Verb Conjugation

• 1. I am having
• 2. Don't look
• 3. Does she have
• 4. Are you looking

3. Adjectives & Clothing

• Outgoing: extrovertido
• Sensitive: sensible
• Fleece: manga
• Something fits you: algo que te sienta bien o te quede
• Get changed: cambiarse
• Mittens: manoplas
• Short-sighted: corto de vista
• Bangles: pulseras

4. Countable & Uncountable Nouns

• Muffins: Countable
• Cabbage: Uncountable
• Sauce: Uncountable
• Lettuce: Countable
• Meat: Uncountable
• Steak: Countable
• Jam: Uncountable

5.

To stop liking those.

He also says he has learned to expect that there will be setbacks as he changes his eating habits. He accepts that things won't always go perfectly, so he doesn't get discouraged. "Just be patient with it, and be realistic with your goals."

Jeremy's friends and family noticed when he started eating healthier foods. Their support has helped motivate him to make a habit of his healthy eating changes.

"It made me feel pretty good, especially when people started making comments about noticing the changes I would make," he says. "You just feed off the positive energy."

It also helped to have friends with similar goals. They support him with his eating changes.

Take-away message

For Jeremy, there have been no drawbacks to changing... Continue reading "The Positive Impact of Healthy Eating: Jeremy's Journey" »

Consumers and food safety

- When buying food.

When you go grocery shopping, purchase refrigerated foods at the end of your shopping trip.

Check the use-by dates on the labels on packaged foods.

To avoid buying food that has gone bad, check that refrigerated foods are completely hard. Make sure canned goods do not have dents or bulging lids.

Go straight home so you can store all chilled and frozen foods as soon as possible to maintain the cold chain.

-When storing food.

Store refrigerated foods in the refrigerator at a maximum temperature of 4°C and store frozen foods in the freezer at a temperature of -18°C or lower.

Do not refreeze any foods that have already been frozen and thawed.

Store raw and cooked foods separately to avoid cross-contamination.... Continue reading "Consumer Food Safety: Shopping, Storage, and Preparation Tips" »

Present Tenses

Present Simple

sings - are signed / 3 column

Present Continuous

is signing - are being signed / 3 column

Past Tenses

Past Simple

signed - were signed / 3 column

Past Continuous

was signing - were being signed / 3 column

Perfect Tenses

Present Perfect Simple

has signed - have been signed / 3 column

Past Perfect Simple

had signed - had been signed / 3 column

Future Tense

Future Simple

will sign - will be signed / 3 column

Modals

Modals

should sign - should be signed / 3 column

Modal Perfect

must have signed - must have been signed / 3 column

Other Verb Forms

Have to

has to sign - have to be signed / 3 column

Be Going To

is going to sign - are going to be signed / 3 column

Question Words

How long: cuanto tiempo When: cuando Who: quien How old: cuantos años

Where:

Reading & Grammar Exercise Solutions

Reading Page 1 Answers (Set A)

Exercise 1: True/False

1. F; Although doctors can’t find any specific illness… they confirm that the health problems are genuine.
2. F; In some cases, they tell sufferers that they should not continue working in a particular building.
3. F; However, not everyone is sure that people are becoming ill because of the air.
4. T; According to some experts, the workers’ symptoms may actually be caused by stress, boredom and bad relationships with their co-workers and managers.
5. F; … there can be no doubt that bad air is not good for people’s health.

Exercise 2: Short Answers

1. They can’t explain its causes.
2. Heat to escape / fresh air in through windows.
3. Are bad.
4. Not good for people’s health.

UNIDAD 6

2. Present Continuous

• I'm learning English now
• They aren't studying at the moment
• She isn't sleeping now
• What are they eating? They're eating sandwiches
• Are you doing your homework? I am
• Is he phoning his friend? he isn't

3. Present Continuous Exercises

• Listens
• 's/ is reading
• Aren't/are not eating
• Don't watch
• Are, doing
• Does, go
• Are, playing
• Do, get

4. Numbers

• 1.2 2.2 3.1 4.2 5.1 6.1 7.1 8.2 9.1 10.2 11.2 12.1 13.2 14.1 15.1 16.2

UNIDAD 7

B. Past Simple: Was/Were

• There was some milk
• Were there any sweets?
• There were two tennis rackets
• There was a printer in the bedroom
• Was there a cat in the sitting room?
• There were some books in the bag
• Was there any butter in the kitchen?
• There wasn't any butter in the fridge
• Were there any sofas in the hall?
• There wasn't any

Therapeutic Uses of Atropine

Preanesthetic Medication

• Decrease salivary and bronchial secretions
• Prevent bronchospasm
• Antagonize respiratory center depressants
• Protect the heart from bradycardia induced by some general anesthetics
• Prevent vomiting

Disadvantages:

• Post-operative urine retention
• Intestinal hypomotility (paralytic ileus)

Other Uses

1. Heart block and marked bradycardia
2. In cholinergic poisoning to antagonize muscarinic effects (organophosphorus poisoning or physostigmine poisoning)
3. Colics, gut hypermotility, duodenal ulcer
4. Nocturnal enuresis and urinary urgency to reduce bladder motility
5. Parkinsonism
6. Motion sickness (Hyoscine (scopolamine) is better)
7. Hyperhidrosis
8. For fundus examination of the eye (derivatives are better)
9. Bronchial asthma (secretions