Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Medicine and health sciences

1. Why should we select you and not another candidate?

I have the ability to adapt to any circumstance and under pressure, commitment, honesty, and ability to communicate with my colleagues, also the position fits perfectly with my professional project

2. What are your shortcomings?

I just finished my studies and I know that I don't have much experience, but I really want to learn from the best and grow both professionally and personally.

3. What are your virtues?

I consider myself a positive and determined person.

4. Where do you see yourself in 5 years?

I hope that this opportunity they offer me will allow me to continue with my professional and personal development, which I will have much deeper knowledge, something that I could achieve through...

Unit 9: Shopping and Finance

Key Vocabulary

• Financial terms: Discount, cash, owe, borrow, can afford, charge, cost, earn, get paid, be worth, own, pay back, save, spend, waste, lend.
• Shopping terms: Shopping centre, queue, receipt, till, bargain, changing room, the sales, refund, window shopping, department store.

Shopping Phrases

• Pay by credit card / Pay with cash
• Return / Exchange
• Fit me / Try on these shoes
• Order / Deliver

Grammar: Used To

• Affirmative: I used to like reggae music when I was a teenager.
• Negative: He didn't use to be as rich as he is now.
• Interrogative: Did you use to go to the beach every day when you lived in Greece?
• Short Answers: Yes, I did / No, I didn't.

The Passive Voice

In the passive voice, the object becomes the subject.

Present

1. Cholinergic Agonists

Respond to acetylcholine; refers to receptor sites stimulated by acetylcholine, as well as neurons that release acetylcholine.

• Cause SLUDGE: Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, Gastrointestinal distress, Emesis

2. Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists

1. Acetylcholine (Both Muscarinic and Nicotinic)
   • Miosis (pupil constriction)
   • Limited clinical use due to:
     • Non-selectivity
     • Charged nature
     • Short half-life
2. Bethanechol (Muscarinic)
   • Clinical use: Urinary retention
   • Side effect: SLUDGE
   • Not hydrolyzed
3. Pilocarpine (Muscarinic)
   • Clinical use: Dry mouth, Glaucoma
   • Side effect: SLUDGE
   • Can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB)
4. Succinylcholine (Muscarinic)
5. Carbachol (Both Muscarinic and Nicotinic)
   • Not hydrolyzed
6. Nicotine (Nicotinic)
   • Clinical use: Smoking

Passive Voice: Transforming Sentences

Examples of Passive Voice Sentences

1. The garages in my street are cleaned by us every day.
2. A lot of money has been given to him (by someone).
3. Two hundred people were arrested by the police.
4. The words were written by Paul and the music was made by John.
5. Every car engine is checked by us thoroughly.
6. This computer is exported by us to seventy different countries.
7. The factory was opened (by us) at nine o’clock.
8. Two million books are sent (by them) to America every year.
9. Two million books are sent by Macmillan to America every year.
10. It is thought that the world’s climate is changing.
11. It is said that car prices will rise next year.

Vocabulary: Health and Illness

1. Complete the sentences with the best options:

• Ruth had a

The Psychology of Space

1. 1c, 2a

2. T T

1. There had been little research on the psychological effects of the buildings we live and work in.
2. Architects should take into account not only the appearance of a building, but also the health of the people who use it.

1. Aspects
2. Recover
3. Risk
4. Take into account

Where Am I?

1. A, 2c

2. T F

1. …animals with amazing navigational skills.
2. …they can't rely on maps and a GPS to help them navigate.

1. Disorientation
2. Landmarks
3. Skills
4. Vast
5. Environments

Good Things Come to Those Who Wait

1. b, 2, c

2. T F

1. In order to help them reach their goals.
2. The writer believes that if we can control our impulses, it can be an important tool for achieving success.

1. Make it
2. Held out
3. Founded
4. Allow

Noise Matters

1. B 2C

2. T F

1. Because they dislike being forced to

Keep the Wolf from the Door

To earn enough money to live on; to make ends meet. (Original definition: reach end of month)

Chicken Out

To decide not to do something because you are too frightened. (Spanish: rajarse)

Be a Fly on the Wall

To observe a situation secretly without being noticed; to spy.

Get By

To manage to live or accomplish something with difficulty; to live on.

Brought Up

Raised; educated and cared for as a child.

Making Waves

To cause trouble or excitement; to make conflict.

To Be Chalk and Cheese

To be completely different from each other.

Stick It Out

To endure a difficult situation; to persevere. (Original definition: aguantarse dread)

Hate Assertive

To be an open person. (Note: This phrase is uncommon in standard English, and its meaning here

Medical Specialties and Their Functions

Paediatrics:

Deals with sick children.

Pharmacy:

Dispenses medicines.

Renal Unit:

Treats kidney diseases.

Obstetrics:

Specializes in pregnancy and birth.

Pathology:

Studies illnesses and analyzes samples.

Dermatology:

Treats diseases of the skin.

Surgery:

Performs operations on patients.

Physiotherapy:

Designs special exercises for patients.

Haematology:

Studies blood disorders.

Orthopaedics:

Treats bones.

Cardiology:

Specializes in the heart.

Neurology:

Treats disorders of the nervous system.

Healthcare Professionals

• Anaesthetist
• Cardiologist
• Consultant
• Lab Technician
• Midwife

Medical Equipment and Instruments

X-ray Machine:

An imaging device used to view the inside of the body.

Scalpel:

A very sharp knife that is used for cutting through

Essential English Vocabulary: Definitions and Usage

Emotional and Mental States

• Apprehensive: Zabrinut (Worried).
• Baffled: Zbunit nekog da ne kuzi i nemre objasnit (Perplexed).
• Bewildered: Confused/uncertain.
• Circumspect: Unwilling to take risks.
• Disenchanted: Razočaran u nešto si se divio (Disappointed in something you admired).
• Distraught: Extremely nervous/worried.
• Elated/Thrilled: Extremely happy.
• Evocative: Makes you remember something pleasant.
• Overwhelmed: Full of emotions.
• Perplexed: Feeling confused or worried by something difficult to understand.
• Reluctant: Unwilling to do something.
• Repentant/Remorseful: Feeling sorry for something you've done.
• Tense/Nervous/Worried.
• Uneasy: Uncomfortable about something.
• Unnerved: Feeling less confident.
• Withdrawn:

Syllabic Consonants

A syllabic consonant occurs when a consonant, typically l, r, or a nasal, functions as the nucleus of a syllable instead of a vowel. This is often indicated with a small vertical mark (ˌ) beneath the consonant. For example, the word 'cattle' can be transcribed as /kaetlˌ/.

Strong and Weak Syllables

Weak syllables differ from strong syllables in vowel characteristics. Vowels in weak syllables tend to be shorter, of lower intensity, and qualitatively different. For example, in the word 'father,' the second syllable is weaker than the first; it is shorter, less loud, and contains a vowel that typically does not occur in strong syllables. Weak syllables can also occur in word-final position with a coda, such as in the word 'open'...