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Everyday English Words and Idioms

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Useful English Vocabulary List

  • To Take After: To resemble a parent or relative in appearance or character. Example: She takes after her mother in her love of music.
  • To See Eye to Eye: To agree fully with someone. Example: We see eye to eye on most important issues.
  • To Scold: To rebuke or reprimand someone angrily. Example: She scolded John because of his bad behavior.
  • To Speak Your Mind: To say exactly what you think, even if it is not polite or popular. Example: She is not afraid to speak her mind, even if it upsets people.
  • To Kill Time: To do something to make time pass while waiting for something else. Example: I'm going to kill time doing some math exercises.
  • To Give Someone a Hard Time: To criticize or trouble someone. Example: Josh's pals were
... Continue reading "Everyday English Words and Idioms" »

Pediatric Respiratory Infections and Conditions

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Acute Pharyngitis

Why Children get sick more often:

I-Physiological!
  1. Anatomical
  2. Nasal canal Narrow+short
  3. Eustacian tube is short, Soft Mucosa
  4. Pharynx may be narrow
  5. Larynx is funnel shape
  6. Lower Airway
  7. More vasculature
Immature immune:
-No Humeral Immunity up to 3 M (IgA, IgG/IgM)
Immune weaker
Poor mucosal immunity
IgA Low in Bronchi
Endogenous Factors:
Cystic Fibrosis
Anatomic defect
Alpha1 antitrypsin Inhib Def!
Rickets
Preterm

Acute Cold:

Etiology:
Viral infection
Prominent sx Rhinorrhea+Nasal Obstruction
Rhinovirus+Coronavirus
CF:
Develop 1 to 3 days after viral infection
Nasal obstruction
Rhinorrhea
Sore or "scratchy" throat
Non-productive cough
Fever can be present
Colds usually persist about 1 week, although 10% last 2 weeks.
DX
I-Lab Studies:
Nasal Smear for Eosinophil
Tx:
... Continue reading "Pediatric Respiratory Infections and Conditions" »

Elderly Health Conditions and Nutritional Deficiency

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***CASES:

-85 year old + DM/osteoporosis....(B)--------->Insufficient physical activity... Calcium!

-68 year old ...6-8 , 2-3(C)-------->Nitro 100mg x2 ,t 4mg(B)--------->J/UC/CRP/US(-82 YO +Pn+ Peyonephritis (B)-------> Cetrizxone 750 mg Once!-86 YO_+On_C dificiline Tx(D)--------->discontinue cetiaxone....Vanco

-84 year old, Not Fall in elderly------>Shorterst( Not fatigue or agility)

Women, depression-------CITALOPRAM!*** Q:

-GI Changes with Age(D)-------->...↓Salivary Gland....Decrease Live ↓ , Detox potential ↓.
-Constipation def(B)----->2-3 days( Longest option)

-Dementia+ UI(D)------->Reminder+Adaptation-GI malaria Exacerbation(C)---->Longest( NSAID----oprharin)

-Hypothyroidism(A) -----> 5.5 ines( 2-5%.
... Continue reading "Elderly Health Conditions and Nutritional Deficiency" »

Travel Essentials: Airport Procedures, Communication & Vocabulary

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Airport Check-in Process

Navigating the airport is straightforward with these steps:

  1. First, locate the check-in desk.
  2. Next, check in your luggage and receive your boarding pass.
  3. Proceed through passport control and head to the departure lounge.
  4. After checking your gate number, proceed to your assigned gate.
  5. Finally, board the plane.

Travel Communication

Meeting Reschedule: Important Update

Subject: Meeting Reschedule Request - Airport Strikes

Hi both,

Really sorry, but I'm afraid I'm going to have to reschedule our meeting. There are strikes at the airport on Tuesday, starting at 10:00 AM. I'm arriving at 9:00 AM, so I can reach Warsaw but not continue to Katowice.

Perhaps we could try taking the train and meeting later on Tuesday? Alternatively, Thursday... Continue reading "Travel Essentials: Airport Procedures, Communication & Vocabulary" »

Mastering English Idioms: Travel & Everyday Expressions

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Essential English Expressions & Collocations

Common Travel Idioms

  • To get/be off the beaten track: to be in a place far away from the city or popular tourist areas.
  • To rough it: to live without the comforts of modern life.
  • To get by on a shoestring budget: to survive with a very limited budget.
  • To end up spending a fortune: to spend a lot of money.
  • To be a culture vulture: to enjoy art and culture.
  • To get back to nature: to live in a simple way, close to the natural environment.
  • To be in the lap of luxury: to live in a very comfortable and expensive condition.

Collocations with 'Traveler'

  • Frequent traveler: someone who travels often.
  • Independent traveler: a traveler who hasn't booked a package tour.
  • Seasoned traveler: an experienced traveler.
  • Intrepid
... Continue reading "Mastering English Idioms: Travel & Everyday Expressions" »

Contraception and Sexual Health Guidelines

Classified in Medicine & Health

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Contraception

Contraception for women who are breastfeeding
- A mother should not wait until the return of their menstrual period
1) regular intervals between breastfeedings (4 hours during day and 6 hours during night)
2) supplemental food 5%
3) for 6 months postpartum, when a woman doesn’t have menstruation
- condoms and spermicides can be used immediately
- intrauterine device can be inserted within the first 48 hours postpartum
- progesteron-only pills: 21 days postpartum, do not have any adverse effects on milk volume
- combined oral contraception: from 6 weeks, but it has adverse effect on milk volume- Contraception for overweight women- Overweight doesn't influence on the effectiveness of contraception. - Overweight increases the risk of... Continue reading "Contraception and Sexual Health Guidelines" »

Gynecological Health: Diagnosis and Treatment Insights

Classified in Medicine & Health

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Secondary Infertility: Diagnosis and Management

Understanding Secondary Infertility

Secondary infertility is the inability to conceive or carry a pregnancy to term after having had a successful pregnancy in the past.

Patient History (Hx)

  • Obstetric History: Parity, Deliveries, Live births, Deaths (P/D/L/D)
  • Sexual Activity: Regularity of intercourse
  • Gynecological Diseases: History of relevant conditions
  • Medications: Current and past drug use
  • Lifestyle Factors: Smoking status

Key Contributing Factors

  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Can lead to tubal damage.
  • Appendicitis: May result in peritonitis and subsequent adhesions.
  • Previous Surgeries: Can cause adhesions affecting fertility.
  • Smoking: Associated with reduced fertility and increased risk of Sexually
... Continue reading "Gynecological Health: Diagnosis and Treatment Insights" »

Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances: Causes and Treatments

Classified in Medicine & Health

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H2O (-)

Hypovolemic Euvolemic Hypervolemic
Causes:
  • Decreased intake
  • Increased hypotonic loss (Skin, Lungs, GI, Kidney)
Causes:
  • Burns
  • Bleeding
  • Fistula
  • Diarrhea
  • Vomiting
+ Parkland Formula
Causes:
  • Increased Na loss (Skin, GI, Kidney)
  • Decreased intake
+ Formula

Loop Diuretics (Potassium losing)

Indications Contraindications Adverse Drug Reactions
  • Pulmonary Edema
  • Edema
  • Calcium increase
  • Renal Failure (Potassium increase)
  • Ion increase
Sulfonamide Allergy
  • Potassium decrease
  • Magnesium decrease
  • Hypovolemia
  • Urine increase
  • Ototoxicity

H2O (+)

Hypernatremia Euvolemic Hypernatremia Hyponatremia
  • Increased sodium intake
  • Renal Failure
  • Increased mineralocorticoids
  • Heart Failure
  • Cirrhosis
  • Renal Failure
  • Heart Failure
  • Sodium Retention
  • Diuretic use
  • Renal Failure
  • Thirst
  • Edema
  • CNS dysfunction
  • Ascites
  • Hydrothorax
  • Insufficiency
... Continue reading "Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances: Causes and Treatments" »

Cannabis Explained: Effects, Uses, and Global Status

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Understanding Cannabis: Basics and Composition

Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names,[n 1] is a psychoactive drug derived from the Cannabis plant, primarily intended for medical or recreational use.[16][17][18] The main psychoactive component of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), one of 483 known compounds in the plant,[19] including at least 65 other cannabinoids.[20]

Methods of Cannabis Consumption

  • Smoking
  • Vaporizing
  • Ingestion (within food)
  • As an extract

Effects and Side Effects of Cannabis Use

Cannabis is often used for its mental and physical effects, which include:

  • A "high" or "stoned" feeling
  • A general change in perception
  • Euphoria (heightened mood)
  • An increase in appetite

[21][22]

Onset and Duration of Effects

The onset of effects... Continue reading "Cannabis Explained: Effects, Uses, and Global Status" »

Understanding the Human Body and Health Challenges

Classified in Medicine & Health

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This pushes your blood through your body: heart (corazon)

These carry blood around your body: vein, artery (vena, arteria)
These bring air into your body: lungs (pulmones)
This covers the outside of your body: skin (piel)
This makes your body move: muscle (musculo)
This lets you think and remember: brain (cerebro)
This does many different things: liver (higado)
These digest food: small intestine, large intestine, stomach
This supports your body: bone (hueso)

Grammar: the comparative, superlative, and equative

Walking for exercise is better (good) than running
Smoking is the worst (bad) thing you can do to your lungs
Drinking alcohol is more harmful to your liver than eating junk lungs
I think vegetables are the most nutritious kind of food for your brain
Swimming
... Continue reading "Understanding the Human Body and Health Challenges" »