Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Medicine & Health

The Importance of Hats

Power

A hat gives a man a new personality.

Accept both young and adult students.

Relax

Many adults try to improve their lives by studying

Trees develop a certain system of communication.

Set off.

Leaves

Me to call Betty

Planning

Export

Carries

Mist

Screen

They will modernize

Arguing

Furnaces

Flood

Achieved

Sample

See / off

Procedure

Diminished

Point

Collision

Willing

Fooling

Drop

Enterprise

Ous

Expects

Put / with

Burglaries

Try

Off

FareTrappedAdvantageAl

To

Along

BarelyMinglesCrew

About

Immigrants

Booklet

Actual

Major

Tecumseh succeeded in stopping white invasion of his bands.a) He defended his people´s rightsc) dark soulsb) find pleasureTitian is one of the precursors of erotic art.Expert in the female figureb) a dream that came truec) surprise in the country

Protein as an Energy Source

Caloric Yield: Pound for pound, protein contains as much potential energy as a carbohydrate! (Actually, even a bit more: 4.3 vs. 4.1 kcal/g). Then why don’t we consume proteins for energy? Unlike carbohydrates and fats, the body has no protein reserves. All of the proteins in the body are part of pre-existing body tissue, such as skeletal muscle and organs. Proteins are composed of long chains of repeating subunits called amino acids.

Amino Acid Classification

Twenty different amino acids exist, and they are used in combination to create a variety of body tissues. These are categorized as follows:

• 9 Essential Amino Acids: These cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through diet.
• 11 Non-Essential

Medical Specialties and Their Functions

Paediatrics:

Deals with sick children.

Pharmacy:

Dispenses medicines.

Renal Unit:

Treats kidney diseases.

Obstetrics:

Specializes in pregnancy and birth.

Pathology:

Studies illnesses and analyzes samples.

Dermatology:

Treats diseases of the skin.

Surgery:

Performs operations on patients.

Physiotherapy:

Designs special exercises for patients.

Haematology:

Studies blood disorders.

Orthopaedics:

Treats bones.

Cardiology:

Specializes in the heart.

Neurology:

Treats disorders of the nervous system.

Healthcare Professionals

• Anaesthetist
• Cardiologist
• Consultant
• Lab Technician
• Midwife

Medical Equipment and Instruments

X-ray Machine:

An imaging device used to view the inside of the body.

Scalpel:

A very sharp knife that is used for cutting through

Core Vocabulary: Nature, Nurture, and Development

• NATURE: Qualities inherent in a person; personality traits determined by genetics.
• NURTURE: To take care of, feed, and protect someone or something, especially young children, and help them develop.
• DEPENDS ON: To be affected or determined by someone or something else.
• RAISED / REARED (someone): Brought up or cared for during childhood.
• CHARACTERISTICS: Distinctive features or qualities (e.g., "for our physical characteristics").
• SEPARATION: The state of being apart (e.g., "amazing parallels between their lives, despite their separation").
• YOUNGSTERS: Young people or children.
• EXCELLED: Performed exceptionally well; was a good student.
• (UNDER)ACHIEVING: Failing to succeed or perform up to potential.
• COMPARABLE:

Understanding the Passive Voice

Definition: The passive voice offers a new perspective on an action, focusing on the recipient rather than the performer.

When to Use the Passive Voice

The passive voice is used when:

1. We don’t know the subject (the performer of the action).
2. The subject is not important or obvious.
3. We don’t want to say who performed the action.
4. We want to highlight the object (the recipient of the action).

Structure of the Passive Sentence

The basic structure is: Object + To Be (conjugated) + Past Participle (+ by Agent)

Examples:

• My dog was bitten by another dog.
• James has been sent to Paris.
• Ten cars were stolen yesterday night.

The Agent in Passive Sentences

The Agent is the performer of the action in a passive sentence.

• It is the “real”

Understanding the Passive Voice

Here are some examples of the passive voice in different tenses:

1. In my opinion, a cure for cancer will be found one day.
2. At the moment, the operation is being carried out by the surgeon.
3. Nothing has been done yet.
4. When I switched on the TV, a movie was being shown.
5. Most of the music awards must have been presented by now.
6. We were able to enter because the alarm had been switched off.

Passive Voice in Sentences

Let's look at how active sentences transform into passive ones:

1. Scientists have discovered the gene that causes baldness.

   Passive: A new gene that controls hair growth has been discovered.

2. The band released their new album last weekend.

   Passive: Their new album was released last weekend.

3. Wendy is teaching music to the

Common Phobias

• Arachnophobia: Fear of spiders
• Technophobia: Fear of technology
• Agoraphobia: Fear of open places
• Acrophobia: Fear of heights
• Claustrophobia: Fear of small places
• Hydrophobia: Fear of water

Expressions of Danger

• In grave danger: To be in a serious and dangerous situation.
• In imminent danger: To be at potential risk in a short period of time.
• Fraught with danger: Full of danger.

Types of Looks and Gazes

Peek

A quick and secret look at something you shouldn't be looking at, especially through a small opening.

• Cautious peek
• Curious peek
• Sneaky peek

Glimpse

To look at something for a short period and not completely.

• Brief glimpse
• Tentative glimpse
• Dreamy glimpse

Glare

An angry look.

• Menacing glare
• Furious glare

Peep

• Surreptitious peep
• Furtive peep
• Intent peep

Gaze

A... Continue reading "Essential English Vocabulary: Phobias, Looks, and Idioms" »

Understanding Blood Pressure Health

What is considered normal blood pressure? A normal blood pressure in an adult is less than 120/80 mmHg.

Name two parts of the body that can be damaged by persistently high blood pressure:

• Blood vessels
• Kidneys, heart, and brain

Approximately how many adults around the age of sixty have high blood pressure? About half of all adults in that age group.

According to the video, what are the usual symptoms of high blood pressure? It typically causes no symptoms at all; therefore, routine screening is the only way to detect it.

What substance should you reduce in your diet? Salt.

Name two recommended lifestyle changes:

• Stop smoking
• Engage in regular exercise

Do people with high blood pressure have to stop drinking alcohol?

Core Healthcare and Treatment Definitions

• Healthcare (Atención Sanitaria)

  The field concerned with the maintenance or restoration of the health of the body or mind, supplying services, equipment, and information related to maintaining and restoring physical and mental health. Synonyms: medical attention.

• Treatment (Tratamiento)

  The use of medicines, surgery, or other methods in curing a person of a disorder. Synonyms: medical care, remedy, therapy, medication.

• Disease (Enfermedad)

  A disorder or illness that usually results from infection, deficient nutrition, or environmental factors, or a disordered/incorrectly functioning organ.

  Note on Usage: Illness is often used for both more severe and more minor medical problems, including those affecting