Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Law & Jurisprudence

The Second Amendment (Amendment II) to the United States Constitution protects the right of the people to keep and bear arms and was adopted on December 15, 1791, as part of the first ten amendments contained in the Bill of Rights.^[1][2][3][4] The Supreme Court of the United States has ruled that the right belongs to individuals,^[5][6] while also ruling that the right is not unlimited and does not prohibit all regulation of either firearms or similar devices.^[7]State and local governments are limited to the same extent as the federal government from infringing this right per the incorporation of the Bill of Rights.

The Second Amendment was based partially on the right to keep and bear arms in English common law and was influenced by the English

Accept an Invitation

accept an invitation to say 'yes' to an invitation or offer

Anniversary

anniversary a date that is an exact number of years after the date of an important or special event

Arrange a Trip

arrange a trip to plan or organize a trip

Book

book to arrange with a hotel, restaurant, theatre, etc. to have a room, table, seat, etc. on a particular date

Budget

budget the money that is available to a person or an organization to spend on a particular thing

Celebrate

celebrate to show that a day or an event is important by doing something special on it

Convention

convention a large meeting of the members of a profession, a political party, etc.

Corporate Entertainment

corporate entertainment activities organized by companies to entertain their customers,... Continue reading "Event Planning Vocabulary: Accepting Invitations, Arranging Trips, and More" »

Contracts

Informal

Sociability and self-interest

It’s a position of sociability defended by Thomas Hobbes or Sigmund Freud. Human beings are not social beings by nature, but we live in society for pure self-interest. Our way of being does not lead us to live in society to fulfill ourselves as human beings, but to guarantee our survival.

Therefore, the human being is not predisposed to mingle and cooperate with others; on the contrary, the human being is a selfish being who perceives others as possible rivals in the satisfaction of their desires although because of the difficulties, they look for help in others.

Sociability and nature:

It’s a position of sociability defended by Aristotle or Erich Fromm. The human being is incomplete by nature and, therefore, we... Continue reading "Sociability and Self-Interest: A Philosophical Perspective" »

Universal Jurisdiction (UJ) in International Law

UJ has become the preferred technique by those seeking to prevent impunity for international crimes. While there is no doubt that it is a useful and, at times, necessary technique, it also has negative aspects. The exercise of UJ is generally reserved for the most serious international crimes, such as war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide; and other crimes such as terrorism because there is a treaty that specifically defines that terrorism falls under the means of UJ. UJ must be used carefully so it doesn’t create any negative consequences. If a country includes in its criminal and civil codes the fact that they want to apply UJ they established to themselves the obligation to try... Continue reading "Understanding Universal Jurisdiction in International Law" »

The Roman Republic

It was the 2nd period in Roman history from 509 B.C to 27 B.C. It was a result of a revolt which removed the Etruscan king.

Social and Political Groups

There were 2 important social and political groups:

• Patricians: They were descendants of the aristocratic families that founded Rome. They were a minority of the population and had important functions such as judging, controlling the land, holding public office, and governing the city.
• Plebis: They included anyone who arrived in the city after its founding. They were the majority of the population. At first, they didn't have political rights and property. After, they achieved 2 important things: the plebeian to represent their interest in politics and the law of 12 tables to enable

• 13th Amendment

  The Civil War amendment

• 14th Amendment

  Anyone born in the US is a US citizen

• 15th Amendment

  Voting rights cannot be denied because of race or color

• 16th Amendment

  Income tax

• 17th Amendment

  Direct election of senators

• 18th Amendment

  Prohibited sale of alcohol

• 19th Amendment

  Women's right to vote

• 20th Amendment

  Changed the presidential inauguration

• 21st Amendment

  Alcohol prohibition is repealed

• 22nd Amendment

  President limited to two terms

• 23rd Amendment

  Voting rights for citizens of Washington D.C.

• 24th Amendment

  Eliminated poll tax

• 25th Amendment

  President succession

• 26th Amendment

  Lower voting age to 18

• 27th Amendment

  Pay raises for congress

Definitions

• reminiscent: reminding of something in the past
• sprawling: spreading over a large area
• vast: of great extent
• prospective: likely to happen
• station: assign to a specified place for a particular purpose
• walk out on somebody: break up
• heyday: person's greatest success
• consortium: association of several companies
• venture: business enterprise that involves risk
• output: amount of something produced
• flourish: develop rapidly
• attentive: paying close attention to something
• buzz: humming sound
• captivating: capable of attracting interest
• cater for somebody: provide
• close-knit: bound together with common interest
• eradicate: destroy
• hilly: having many hills
• immense: large
• tucked away: located in a concealed place
• stone's throw from: close
• teem with: full of or swarming