Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of English

Reported Speech

• Present simple - past simple
• Present continuous - past continuous
• Past simple - past perfect
• Present Perfect - conditional simple
• Can - could
• May - might
• Future intention - wasn't/were + going to

Adverbs

• This - that
• These - those
• There - there
• Last month - the previous month
• Last year - the year after
• Now - then
• Today - that day
• Tonight - that night
• Yesterday - the previous day
• Tomorrow - the following day
• Ago - before

Shopping

• Afford
• Auction
• Bargain
• Boutique
• Brand
• Browse
• Cashier
• Charity Shop
• Changing Room
• Customer
• Deliver
• Department Store
• Exchange
• Get a discount
• Order
• Pay in cash/credit
• Personal Shopper
• Refund
• Rip sb off
• Sales
• Sales Assistant
• Save up
• Second-hand
• Shopping Trip
• Sweatshop
• Take sb on
• Take sb out
• Window Shopping

Emotions

• Be bitten by
• Be hooked on
• Be on a high
• Be up to your eyeballs in
• Cost an arm and a leg
• Feel down
• Get out of hand
• Get on a spending spree
• Live from hand to mouth
• Retail therapy
• Shop 'til you drop
• Shop on a shoestring
• Tighten your belt
• Cheer up
• Face up to
• Get through
• Go on
• Make up for

Environment

• Biodegradable
• Compost
• Consume
• Consumer
• Consumption
• Dispose
• Disposable
• Dump
• Dumped
• Emit
• Emission
• Environmental
• Incinerate
• Incinerator
• Landfill Site
• Manufacture
• Manufacturer
• Pollute
• Pollution
• Pollutant
• Recycle
• Recycling
• Recyclable
• Recycled
• Renewable
• Reuse
• Sustain
• Sustainability
• Sustainable
• Toxic
• Waste
• Wasteful

Could: she could have missed the bus - possibility - Yes or no

School: A Foundation for Growth and Learning

Many people believe that school plays a crucial role in a child's development, fostering daily learning and personal growth. Others, however, hold a different view.

The Advantages of Schooling

On the one hand, school provides a structured environment for acquiring essential knowledge and skills. Students learn to read, write, add, subtract, divide, and master numerous other subjects that are fundamental to their intellectual development. Beyond academics, school instills important values such as politeness, responsibility, and respect. It is a place where individuals encounter diverse personalities, forging lifelong friendships while also learning to navigate complex social dynamics.

The Challenges of

Dear Sir or Madam

PASSIVE

1. Who is singing the song Winston hears through the window of the rented room above Mr. Charrington’s shop? The song is being sung by a prole woman hanging washing on a line in a courtyard below the window of the rented room.
2. What does the Music Department use to produce songs for the proles? The Music Department produces songs using a machine called a versifactor.
3. 
   
4. Where is Winston certain he and Julia will end up before their executions? Winston is certain he and Julia will end up being tortured into confessing in the cellars of the Ministry of Love.
5. 
   
6. What does Julia bring to the rented room in her tool bag? Julia brings real coffee, tea, sugar, bread, and jam to share. She also brings makeup for herself.
7. 
   
8. What country does Julia say Oceania has

TEMA 1 NIVEL 1

1. youth hostel/get started/dirt cheap/hop on/hoocked/high season/set off/livestyle/fund/breathtaking

2. first rate/low-cost/upbeat/full-time/upcoming

3. by, out, for, in, on, at, out, in, on, in

4. have been trying/, have... been standing/had been travelling/ has been raining/ hadn't been dating

5. had been travelling/ have you been doing / haven't slept/ have you read/ had booked

TEMA 1 NIVEL 2

1. flow/ season/ point/ move/ trap/ cheap/ around/ glance/ hostel/ started

2. trustworthy/ full-time/ widespread/ lifelong/ first rate

3. for a change/ on the whole/ on condition/ in the long/ by heart

4. hadn't been waiting/ has been living/ had been walking/ have you been doing

5. have been/ haven't been sleeping/ have been waiting/ have been... Continue reading "English Language Learning Topics and Exercises" »

Welcome to IKEA

Introduction

To: All Employees

From: Germán Vargas

Subject: Welcome Introduction

Hello everyone,

My name is Germán Vargas, and I am the new Marketing Director. I'm from Seville, and my previous job was Junior Administrative Assistant at Factory Store, where I managed the administrative tasks for seven years. I'm very excited about moving to Madrid and joining IKEA. I am looking forward to meeting and working with all of you.

Cheers,

Germán Vargas

Office Equipment Quote Request

To: [email protected]

From: [email protected]

Subject: Quote for Office Equipment

Dear Ms. Maria,

Our company is looking for reliable suppliers of office equipment. We would be grateful if you could send us a quote for the items listed below:

• 1 Shredder
• 2 Photocopiers
• 10