Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Professional and Casual Email Correspondence

Salutations

Formal: Dear Mr./Ms. [Name],
Informal: Hi [Name], / Hello [Name], / [Name],

Previous Contact

• Formal: Thank you for your email of [Date]. / Further to your last email. / I apologize for not getting in contact with you sooner.
• Informal: Thanks for your email. / Re: your email. / Sorry I haven't written for ages, but I've been really busy.

Reason for Writing

• Formal: In reply to your email, here are... / Your name was given to me by... / We would like to point out that...
• Informal: Just a short note about... / I'm writing about... / Here is the [item] you wanted. / I got your name from... / Please note that...

Giving Information

• Formal: I am writing to let you know that... / We are able to confirm that.

S13B

• a) shatter
• b) offspring
• c) carrier
• d) malodorous

Sentence Transformations

• a) Passengers will be given a “quiet zone” without any extra cost.
• b) If airlines suggest that they should be segregated from other passengers, parents will get angry.
• c) Is it necessary for adults to learn to live with child passengers?
• d) Children will be banned by Malaysian Airlines from the top deck of A380 aircraft.

X12A

• a) makes a living
• b) risk
• c) confiscating
• d) inconvenienced

Sentence Transformations

• a) Patrick Smith, who is a pilot, writes for the online magazine Salon.com.
• b) Some people asked if crews empty the contents of the toilet over people’s houses.
• c) If you concentrate on these irrelevant things, you are wasting time and resources.
• d) More attention is required

A-C Vocabulary Definitions

account (n)

When you keep your money in a bank, you have a bank account.

appearance (n)

What someone or something looks like.

axe (n)

A heavy stick with a sharp piece of metal on the end, used for cutting down trees.

burial (n)

Burying; putting a dead body in a grave in the ground.

cage (n)

A box or a place with bars for keeping wild animals.

chemical (n)

Liquid or solid things used in or made by chemistry.

client (n)

Someone who pays another person (e.g., a lawyer, a builder) to do a job for them.

confession (n)

Saying that you have done something wrong.

courtyard (n)

An unroofed open space surrounded by walls or buildings.

D-M Vocabulary Definitions

dose (n)

How much medicine you take at one time.

drug (n)

A chemical mixture that can

English Grammar Cheat Sheet

Verb Tenses

Present Simple

Use: routines, permanent situations

Form:

• verb + -s (third person singular)
• do/does + not + verb (negative)
• Do/Does + subject + verb? (question)

Present Continuous

Use: actions happening right now, actions happening in the future (arranged)

Form: am/is/are + verb + -ing

Present Perfect

Use:

• Actions that started in the past and continue in the present
• Actions completed in the past, but we don't say when
• Recent past actions

Form: have/has + past participle (-ed)

Present Perfect Continuous

Use:

• Actions that started in the past and have not finished
• Actions that happened repeatedly in the past and have an effect in the present
• To say how long an action has been in progress

Form: have/has + been + verb + -ing

Past

BASE FORM PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE

Be Was/were been ser o estar beat beat beaten golpearbecome became become llegar a ser

bend bent bent doblarbet bet bet apostarbite bit bitten picarbleed bled bled sangrarblow blew blown soplarbreak broke broken romperbring brought brought traerbuild built built cronstruirburn burnt/burned burned quemarbuy bought bought comprarcatch caught caught cogerchoose chose chosen elegircome came come venircost cost cost valer preciocut cut cut cortardig dug dug excavardo did done nacerdraw drew drawn dibujardream dreamt/dreamed ... soñardrink drank drunk beberdrive drove driven conducireat ate eaten comerfall fell fallen caerfeed fed fed dar de comerfeel felt felt sentirfight fought fought

4Match a word from A with a definition from B.

1       Creature A living animal or person

2       Hell  place where bad People are punished when they die

3       Hound  kind of dog

4       Marsh Very wet, soft ground

5       Moor  Open, rough, windy Land without trees

5Fill in the gaps using creep, faint, hunt, mark, sink. Careful: sometimes you need to Change the form of a word

a   ‘If Animals or men go into the marsh, they will sink Into it and die.’

b   ‘The People say it’s the Hound of the Baskervilles, which is calling for something To hunt and kill.’

c   ‘Why Had she nearly fainted when I told her             about the letter?’

d   ‘The Fog was creeping up from the marsh towards the House.

Essential English Vocabulary

• Boom: Explosión
• Hairstyle: Estilo de pelo
• Look: Aspecto
• Fashion: Moda
• Peace: Paz
• Icon: Icono
• Craze: Locura
• Birth: Nacimiento
• Death: Muerte
• Gadget: Dispositivo
• Invention: Invención
• War: Guerra
• Protest: Protestar
• Dance hall: Salón de baile
• Bad language: Mal lenguaje
• Big skirts: Grandes faldas
• Driving license: Carné de conducir
• The flu: La gripe
• Upset: Disgustado
• Operation: Operación
• Treatment: Tratamiento
• Suffering: Sufrimiento
• Clone: Clon
• Transplant: Transplante
• Development: Desarrollo
• Prevention: Prevención
• Experiment: Experimento
• Discovery: Descubrimiento
• Cause: Causa
• Research: Investigación
• Cure: Curas

Irregular Verbs List

• Bet: Apostar
• Bite, bit, bitten: Morder
• Bleed, bled: Sangrar
• Blow, blew, blown: Soplar
• Break, broke, broken: Romper
• Bring,

If you are touring , america , miami is great place to stop off at. The city is on the east coast of Florida. For most visitors the main attractions are the great weather , the friendly pleople and the fantastic 12- mile beach .

Hotel Industry Challenges

Inspection Failures

If a hotel fails the inspection in two categories, it goes on a six-month trial, at the end of which there is a second inspection.

Staffing Issues

The French hotel industry is facing a nationwide problem of high staff turnover and a shortage of skilled employees.

Improving the Booking System

After deciding that the current booking system was inefficient, a meeting was called to discuss possible improvements.

Customer Service Best Practices

Telephone Etiquette

1. Always make sure to answer all calls quickly. Never let the phone ring more than five times, as that is unacceptable.
2. Take notes when there is a message for a colleague or when names and numbers are given.

Building Relationships

Front-line staff should... Continue reading "Hotel Industry Challenges & Best Practices" »