Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for English

Verbs: A

• Arise - arose - arisen - surgir

Verbs: B

• Be - was/were - been - ser/estar
• Be able - could - been able - poder
• Bear - bore - borne - soportar
• Be born - nacer
• Beat - beat - beaten - golpear
• Become - became - become - llegar a ser
• Begin - began - begun - empezar
• Bend - bent - bent - doblar
• Bet - bet - bet - apostar
• Bind - bound - bound - atar
• Bite - bit - bitten - morder
• Bleed - bled - bled - sangrar
• Blow - blew - blown - soplar
• Break - broke - broken - romper
• Bring - brought - brought - traer
• Broadcast - broadcast - broadcast - emitir
• Build - built - built - construir
• Burn - burnt - burnt - quemar
• Burst - burst - burst - estallar
• Buy - bought - bought - comprar

Verbs: C

• Catch - caught - caught - coger
• Choose - chose - chosen - elegir
• Come - came - come - venir
• Cost

Idioms with "Come"

Comes easily – not be difficult

Comes across – seems

Came off – happen successfully

Came across – find by chance

Coming down with – start feeling ill

Come along – arrive

Come under – experiencing something bad

Come up – a problem arises

Came up – an opportunity becomes available

Come to mind - occurred to me

Came first – win/be the most important

Comes across – seems

When it comes – on the subject of

How come? - why?

Idioms with "Take"

Take care of – look after

Taken to – started to like

Take them on board – accept them

Take time out – stop and rest

Taken on – agreed to

Take it from me – believe me

Take your time - don’t rush

Take note of – pay attention

Take things personally – be offended

Take your mind

Base form

• drive: drove, driven - conducir
• eat: ate, eaten - comer
• fall: fell, fallen - caer
• fly: flew, flown - volar
• forget: forgot, forgotten - olvidar
• give: gave, given - dar
• go: went, gone - ir
• grow: grew, grown - cultivar
• hide: hid, hidden - esconder
• know: knew, known - saber
• overcome: overcame, overcame - vencer
• ride: rode, ridden - montar
• ring: rang, rung - sonar
• run: ran, run - correr
• see: saw, seen - ver
• shake: shook, shaken - sacudir
• sing: sang, sung - cantar
• sink: sank, sunk - hundir
• speak: spoke, spoken - hablar
• steal: stole, stolen - robar
• swim: swam, swum - nadar
• take: took, taken - tomar
• throw: threw, thrown - lanzar
• understand: understood, understood - entender
• wake: woke, woken - despertar
• wear: wore, worn - vestir
• write: wrote, written - escribir

Vocabulary:

• Businessman/woman
• Chef
• Cleaner
• Dentist
• Hairdresser
• Journalist
• Mechanic
• Musician
• Nurse
• Photographer
• Pilot
• Student

Job Positions

• Full-time
• Permanent
• High-paid
• Short-term
• All year round
• Regular daytime hours

Professions by Industry

• Food and beverage (restaurant manager, waiter)
• Accommodation (concierge, hotel receptionist)
• Transportation (flight attendant, pilot)
• Recreation and entertainment (entertainer, outdoor adventure guide)

Executive Roles

• Executive chef (writes menus, instructs cooks and employs kitchen staff)
• Executive housekeeper (inspects rooms and manages cleaning staff)
• Food and beverage manager (plans and organizes the operation of a restaurant)
• Front office manager (responsible for the front desk operation, managing reception and dealing with guest

Mastering Irregular Verbs in English

What are Irregular Verbs?

Irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow the standard pattern of adding -ed or -d to form their past simple and past participle forms. Mastering these verbs is crucial for achieving fluency in English.

List of Common Irregular Verbs

This list provides the infinitive, past simple, past participle, and Spanish translation for each verb.

• Be (Was/Were) Been - Ser/Estar
• Give (Gave) Given - Dar
• Become (Became) Become - Llegar a ser
• Go (Went) Gone - Ir
• Begin (Began) Begun - Empezar
• Grow (Grew) Grown - Crecer/Cultivar
• Bite (Bit) Bitten - Morder/Picar
• Have (Had) Had - Tener
• Break (Broke) Broken - Romper
• Hide (Hid) Hidden - Esconder
• Bring (Brought) Brought - Traer
• Hit (Hit) Hit - Golpear
• Build (Built)

Common Idioms and Their Usage

Capable
Many people believe that Edison is capable of winning the world championship in judo.

Gained
The burglars may have gained entry/access by forcing open a fire exit.

Get
I need to get my passport renewed because I'm going abroad this summer.

Wondering
I was wondering if you were willing to look after my dog while I'm away on holiday?

Point
I can see no point in that old computer being repaired.

Just
It's just as much fun singing in a choir as it is playing the drums.

Having
Clara denied having seen the missing letter.

Knowing
If he doesn't get that job, there's no knowing what he'll do!

Should
Under no circumstances should you let anyone else use your identity card.

Taken
An experienced accountant has taken over the... Continue reading "Mastering English Idioms: Improve Your Fluency" »

Mastering Irregular Verbs in English

Spanish - English

Mannerisms (costumbres)

Something that a person does repeatedly with their face, hands, or voice, and that they may not realize they are doing.

Trailer

An advertisement for a film or a television programme, consisting of short parts taken from it.

Confirmed (confirmar)

To prove that a belief or an opinion that was previously not completely certain is true.

Siblings (hermano/a)

A brother or sister.

An only child (hijo único)

A child who has no sisters or brothers.

Nail polish (pintura de uñas)

A coloured liquid that is painted on fingernails or toenails.

Unite (unirse)

Bring together.

Raised (elevado/a)

Brought up.

Starred (protagonizar)

Acted in a main role.

Whereas (mientras que)

Compared with the fact that.

Close (cercano/a)

Knowing somebody well and liking... Continue reading "Essential Vocabulary for Building Relationships and Communication" »

Nowadays, there are lots of people who think that festivals have become very commercial, and I think that they have a part of reason.

Some people claim that the only purpose of festivals is to make money. They don't think about people who come from different places to listen to their favorite singer or to spend time with their friends. Festival organizers should consider providing affordable accommodations, transportation options, and other facilities to make it easier for people to attend.

While it's true that these festivals earn lots of money, they also contribute to the local economy by generating revenue for the city, small shops, and supermarkets. Festivals attract not only attendees but also customers to nearby businesses.

In conclusion,... Continue reading "The Impact of Commercialization on Festivals" »