Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Baccalaureate

English Vocabulary Acquisition

How Children Learn Word Meaning

Children are always acquiring and building up their L1. They must find out which things can be packaged together under a label.

Knowing a Word: Types of Knowledge

Knowing a word involves different types of knowledge. The importance is how it is pronounced.

Factors Affecting Vocabulary Learning

• Demonstrability: Can the meaning be easily shown? (e.g., car = transport)
• Similarity: Is it similar to known words? (e.g., equal)
• Brevity: Is it a short or long word?
• Regularity of Form / Learning Load: Does it follow typical patterns? (e.g., bedroom)
• Opportunism: Is the word relevant to the child's immediate situation?
• Centres of Interest: Are words likely to be of relevance to the child's interests?

Kinematics Data Set Analysis

The following tables represent experimental data for kinematics, including velocity, acceleration, and time intervals. These parameters are essential for solving complex motion equations in physics.

Motion Parameters and Calculations: Set 1

Motion Parameters and Calculations: Set 2

Motion Parameters and Calculations: Set 3

Motion Parameters and Calculations: Set 4

Exercici 1: Vocabulary

• Explanation, definition, assumption, logically, reasonable, thought, confusion, concept, undoubtedly, sensible.

Exercici 2: Expressions and Beliefs

• Forget to take Darren’s views into account
• Does she come up with
• Is still under the impression
• Have you made up your mind
• In the mistaken belief (creença equivocada)
• Is out of the question (impossible/ni parlar-ne)
• You’ve now come to your senses (has entrat en raó)
• You are under the misapprehension (tens una idea equivocada)

Exercici 3: Idioms

• Wits (estar atent)
• Wood (no veure el conjunt pels detalls)
• Bell (sonar familiar)
• Head (tornar-se arrogant per l’èxit)
• Dark (sense informació)
• Bend (tornar-se boig)
• Leg (no tenir arguments)
• Uptake (rapidesa per entendre coses)

Exercici 4: Phrasal

Present Simple

Afirmativa: Subject + Verb (-(e)s)

Negativa: Subject + do/does not + Verb

Pregunta: Do/Does + Subject + Verb?

Time expressions: Every (day, morning, week...), in the morning / afternoon / evening, on Sundays / Mondays..., always / often / usually, once / twice a week, timetables (at 3 o'clock...).

Present Continuous

Afirmativa: Subject + am/is/are + Verb-ing

Negativa: Subject + am/is/are not + Verb-ing

Pregunta: Am/Is/Are + Subject + Verb-ing?

Time expressions: Now, right now, at the moment, at present, still, today / tonight, Look! / Listen!

Past Simple

Afirmativa: Subject + Verb (Past form / V2)

Negativa: Subject + did not + Verb

Pregunta: Did + Subject + Verb?

Time expressions: Last (day, week, year...), yesterday, the other day, ... ago,... Continue reading "English Verb Tenses and Conditionals Summary" »

Essential English Vocabulary and Phrases

• Whirlwind → Acelerado
• Candid → Sincero / Franco
• Dismissal → Despido
• Blindside → Tomar por sorpresa
• Stint → Período / etapa corta de trabajo
• Reinstatement → Reincorporación / restitución
• Circumvent → Evitar / eludir
• Pending → Pendiente de
• Tech-free environment → Entorno sin tecnología
• Digital native → Nativo digital
• Digital tools → Herramientas digitales
• Digital literacy → Alfabetización digital
• Digital divide → Brecha digital
• Attention span → Capacidad de atención
• Tech neck → Dolor cervical por usar el móvil
• Social media → Redes sociales
• Your account → Tu cuenta
• Your profile → Tu perfil
• Your post → Tu publicación
• A post → Una publicación
• Someone → Alguien
• An account → Una

1. "I can't come to the party now," said Lucy. (apologise)
   Lucy apologised for not being able to come to the party then.

2. "We went to the concert yesterday," said my brother. (say)
   My brother said they had gone to the concert the day before.

3. "Will you help me with this project?" she asked. (ask)
   She asked me if I would help her with that project.

4. "Where did you buy this jacket?" he asked me. (ask)
   He asked me where I had bought that jacket.

5. "Don't touch that button!" the technician said. (warn)
   The technician warned me not to touch that button.

6. "I forgot to do my homework," said Daniel. (admit)
   Daniel admitted

Microbiology Lab Practice Questions

What is the optimal temperature range for Bacillus stearothermophilus?

Answer: 55°C (a thermophile)

Which organism produces red pigment at 25°C?

Answer: Serratia marcescens

What does no pigment but visible turbidity in S. marcescens at 37°C suggest?

Answer: Growth occurred, but pigment production is temperature-sensitive.

What is the term for bacteria that grow best at cold temperatures but also at room temperature?

Answer: Psychrotroph (e.g., Pseudomonas fluorescens)

What color does E. coli appear on MacConkey agar?

Answer: Pink (lactose fermenter)

Which test detects mixed acid fermentation?

Answer: Methyl Red (MR) test

What does a black precipitate on HE agar indicate?

Answer: H₂S production (e.g., Salmonella)

Which

Cash Flow Statement Fundamentals

Operating Activities (Indirect Method Adjustments)

The calculation starts with the Income Statement components:

• Non-cash expenses (e.g., Depreciation) are typically positive adjustments.
• Losses are generally positive adjustments (added back).
• Gains are generally negative adjustments (subtracted).

Balance Sheet Adjustments (Working Capital Changes)

These adjustments relate to changes in current assets and liabilities:

• Current Assets (e.g., Accounts Receivable, Inventory):
  • Increase in asset balance = Cash Outflow (–)
  • Decrease in asset balance = Cash Inflow (+)
• Current Liabilities (e.g., Accounts Payable):

  Note: Accounts Payable reverses the asset logic.

  • Increase in liability balance = Cash Inflow (+)
  • Decrease in liability

Trimester III - Vocabulary #1: Blind Man's Holiday

1. Shadows
2. Acquaintance
3. Banishment
4. Reticence
5. Grandeur
6. Bequeathed
7. Skulker
8. Ragged
9. Perplexing
10. Murky
11. Scatter
12. Tame
13. Savoury
14. Menaced
15. Innuendo
16. Cavorting
17. Woo
18. Sombre
19. Cogwheel
20. Hubbub
21. Succour
22. Creakingly
23. Echoing
24. Grimace
25. Cobwebbed

Lo botan cuando terminan de usarlo 🐢

Trimester III - Vocabulary #1: Blind Man's Holiday

1. Shadows
2. Acquaintance
3. Banishment
4. Reticence
5. Grandeur
6. Bequeathed
7. Skulker
8. Ragged
9. Perplexing
10. Murky
11. Scatter
12. Tame
13. Savoury
14. Menaced
15. Innuendo
16. Cavorting
17. Woo
18. Sombre
19. Cogwheel
20. Hubbub
21. Succour
22. Creakingly
23. Echoing
24. Grimace
25. Cobwebbed

Lo botan cuando terminan de usarlo 🐢

Trimester III - Vocabulary #1: Blind Man's Holiday

1. Shadows
2. Acquaintance
3. Banishment
4. Reticence
5. Grandeur
6. Bequeathed
7. Skulker
8. Ragged
9. Perplexing
10. Murky
11. Scatter
12. Tame
13. Savoury
14. Menaced
15. Innuendo
16. Cavorting
17. Woo
18. Sombre
19. Cogwheel
20. Hubbub
21. Succour
22. Creakingly
23. Echoing
24. Grimace
25. Cobwebbed

Lo

Health and Well-being Vocabulary

• Burn off
• Complexion
• Craze (a popular trend or fashion)
• Do (something/someone) the world of good
• Fad (a short-term trend)
• Get back into shape
• Mindfulness
• Pull a muscle
• Stamina
• Therapeutic
• Well-being
• Wrinkle (a crease or line in the skin)
• Aches and pains
• (As) Fit as a fiddle
• Be the picture of health
• Be back on your feet
• Be full of beans
• Hard of hearing
• (Have) A frog in your throat
• Off-colour (slightly ill)
• Alleviate symptoms
• Be prescribed medication
• Consult a specialist
• Contract an illness
• Have an operation
• Have treatment
• Miss an appointment
• Sustain an injury (suffer physical damage due to an accident)

Challenges, Progress, and Success Terms

• A long shot (a remote possibility)
• Be more than you bargained for
• On track (making progress and likely