Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Baccalaureate

Waves: Chapters 14 and 16

-Mechanical vs electromagnetic waves

mechanical waves= need air to hear needs a medium to travel

• sounds, ocean waves, and springs

electromagnetic waves=  they don’t need a medium to travel

• radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, X-rays, gamma ray

-Transverse waves vs longitudinal waves

longitudinal waves - particles vibrate a long wave direction such as sound waves, springs, streams

transverse- particles that vibrate along the right angle of a wave direction. All electromagnetic waves and water

-Label a transverse wave and longitudinal waves

-The electromagnetic spectrum 

electromagnetic

BD 2C 3B D

John Cravern

B 3D C D A B

The End of the World Train

BD 2C 2B 2D

Slvalbart

C 2D 2B A B C

Save the Animals

BD C B A C B D

Michael Pallin

D A B C A D C A

Ruth Manorama

B A C 2D A C D

A Better World

BC B A C D B D

A Champion on Two

2B A C 2B B C

Butter and Bread

BD 2C 2B D C

A Journalism

DB A B 2C B A

Vegetarianism

CD 2B A B D A

Smiling Indians

CD BAC ACB

Norwich

BD CD CB DC

The Best Advice

AC AC BC DA

Interview with a Scriptwriter

3B 2C A B C

An Interview with a Champion

3B 2C D A C

A computer virus is a type of computer program that, when executed, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code.^[1] When this replication succeeds, the affected areas are then said to be 'infected' with a computer virus.^[2][3]

Virus writers use social engineering deceptions and exploit detailed knowledge of security vulnerabilities to initially infect systems and to spread the virus. The vast majority of viruses target systems running Microsoft Windows,^[4][5][6] employing a variety of mechanisms to infect new hosts,^[7] and often using complex anti-detection/stealth strategies to evade antivirus software.^{[8][9][10][11]} Motives for creating viruses can include seeking profit (e.g., with ransomware), desire... Continue reading "Understanding Computer Viruses and Network Topologies" »

The Boy in the Striped Pajamas is a book written by John Boyne. It is a historical novel that explores the main themes of loneliness, boredom, and the divisions between the Jews and the Germans. The story revolves around Bruno, a boy who moves with his parents next to a Nazi death camp. He befriends Shmuel, a small and pale boy, and one day they both enter the gas chamber and tragically die.

Main Characters:

• Shmuel: A small and thin boy, similar to Bruno
• Bruno: The main character, son of a powerful commander
• Mother: Bruno and Gretel's mother, with red hair
• Gretel: Bruno's older sister
• Father: Bruno's dad, commander of the German army

I highly recommend this book as it vividly portrays the historical context and the problems of that time.

BLOCK 25. Teaching pronunciation to children It is important to teach pronunciation because good Pronunciation is very important for communication. It is important that you speak clearly and that other people understand What you mean: intelligibility. It is important to say that it is not Necessary for students or teacher to have an English accent.Jazz chants (the song of Simple, short and repetitive songs to teach new vocabulary), rhymes and songscan be used as…-Warmers-As A transition from one activity to the next-To Introduce new language-To Practice / revise language-To Change the mood-To Get everybody’s attention

It is good use jazz chants, rhymes and songs because They are…-A linguistic resource (introduces/ practice New language,... Continue reading "Concept of education" »

Writs in Indian Law

Habeas Corpus

"Habeas Corpus" is a Latin term which literally means "you may have the body." The writ is issued to produce a person who has been detained, whether in prison or in private custody, before a court and to release him if such detention is found illegal.

AK Roy vs Union of India, Kanu Sanyal vs District Magistrate

Mandamus

"Mandamus" is a Latin word, which means "We Command". Mandamus is an order from the Supreme Court or High Court to a lower court or tribunal or public authority to perform a public or statutory duty. This writ of command is issued by the Supreme Court or High Court when any government, court, corporation or any public authority has to do a public duty but fails to do so.

East India vs Collector of

Conditional Legislation

The legislature makes the law. It is full and let. No legislative function is delegated to the executive authorities. The said law is not brought into force and it is left to the executive to put the Act into operation on fulfillment of certain conditions or contingencies, and for that reason, the legislation is called 'Conditional Legislation' or 'Contingent Legislation'.

In Inder Singh v. State of Rajasthan

Judicial Control of Delegated Legislation

1. Substantive ultra vires
2. Procedural

Substantive:

• Parent act is unconstitutional
• Delegated Legislation is inconsistent with parent act
• Delegated legislation is unconstitutional
• Unreasonable
• Mala fide or bad faith
• Subdelegation
• Exclusion of judicial review
• Retrospective operation

Rule of

Separation of Powers

• Legislative Function
• Executive Function
• Judicial Function

Administrative Law

Collectivisation

The USSR needed to produce more food, so increasing production was essential. The majority of peasants were poor and lacked equipment for working the land. The kulaks were rich peasants who were influential in villages but annoyed the Communist Party. Stalin began collectivising all farms: peasants worked together on lands, and when the harvest was collected, a part was sold to the government at a low price, the rest for peasants. They were forced to collectivise. The problem with collectivisation was that due to the speed of the change, their traditional way of life was destroyed. Kulaks resisted the change. The new exploitations were forced to grow particular crops needed for industry and had to supply a specific amount to... Continue reading "Impact of Collectivisation and Stalin's Purges in the USSR" »