Notes, abstracts, papers, exams and problems of Baccalaureate

The environment plays an important role in our lives and people wouldn't be able to live without it. However, we are polluting it every day and it needs to stop. As individuals, we can do lots of things to solve this issue, and this essay will focus on two of them - recycling and the efficient use of energy.

According to recycling, it is the easiest way to see an immediate change and everybody can do it. First, recycling bins are a great method of dividing our waste into paper, plastic, glass, etc., and they can be easily found in every city. Another idea is to reuse the things we have at home and make them new. For example, turning …. 

When it comes to the use of energy, there are many things we can do, especially at home. When we talk about... Continue reading "I choose to live" »

What is an atom?

Atoms are the basic units of matter and the defining structure of elements.

What is an electron?

A subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity.

What is the nucleus of an atom made of?

Is made up of protons and neutrons.

What is a proton?

Elemental particle of the nucleus of the atom and that has a positive electric charge.

What is a neutron?

A subatomic particle of about the same mass as a proton but without an electric charge.

Where is the mass of an atom concentrated?

In the nucleus most of 99.9% of the mass is concentrated here.

An atom is mostly empty space?

Yes.

What is the function of neutrons?

To allow protons to be together.

What surrounds the nucleus of an atom?

The nucleus is surrounded by electron clouds that produce... Continue reading "Understanding Atoms and Quantum Mechanics: A Comprehensive Guide" »

INFORMACIÓN:

Hi Sara,

How are things? Sorry to be so slow getting back to you but... (I had to hit the books)

I was afraid to hear that... / What great news! I'm glad that...

Nudo:

In your letter you mentioned... 

Well, if I were you i would... Since...

Besides, why don't you...?

As well as that, you also wondered about...

I think you really should... Because this way...

Nudo 2:

Anyway,

I'll be delighted to pay you a visit, count me in!

Let me know when it suits you so I can plan ahead.

CONCLUSIÓ:

Well, that's all for now. I hope this was helpful. Drop me a line soon! Best wishes, Amber. 

Sports

Competition

Movement

Keeping Fit

Vulnerabilities in Von Neumann Architecture

The system architect of the von Neumann is the way that it can allow direct memory access to the low level languages like C and C++.

If the program goes and tries to access the memory out of bound by allocating code injection to the system, it allows the system to access the memory out of the stack which causes buffer overflow and the attacker can access the other memory from the allocated stack. This way an attacker can get access to the system. Therefore von Neumann architecture is vulnerable to code injection, the effect of the buffer overflow.

Understanding Threats and Attacks

Threats

• It is a potential security violation that might exploit vulnerability of the system or assets.
• Threats can be accidental,

Resolution and Sensitivity

Resolution = MaxV / (2^bit - 1).

Linear Potentiometer

Total Resistance = 800 Ohms, E = 2V, L = 10 cm.

Sensitivity = V/L. Max/Min Z.

Z_out = || 80{10 - |x|}.

Z_min = 0 Ohms.

Z_max = 400 || 400 = 200 Ohms.

Unknown input impedance = voltage follower.

Gauge Factor

20mm wire strain gauge resistance = 150 Ohms. Under force tension, R changes by 5, and L changes to 0.08.

Load Cell

Load Cell Sensitivity / Minimum Value of N.

LC makes a change in V from 0 to 2V. V varies linearly.

LCS = 2V / 10N = 0.2 V/N.

Minimum Value of N = 10N / 0.1N = 100, 2⁶.

Filters

IIR Filter Identification

Unbounded, non-causal.

IIR/Unbounded. y[n-1] = 200x[n] + 300x[n-1] - 500x[n-2]. Non-causal.

Digital-to-Analog Conversion

N-bit R-2R Ladder

V = 0/6.4. n = 5.

Maximum V_out... Continue reading "Understanding Sensors, Filters, and Data Conversion" »

Pride and Prejudice is about a beautiful and intelligent woman who meets a rich man whom she initially dislikes, but eventually they fall in love. The film is based on the book Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. Set in the United Kingdom in 2004, the film stars Keira Knightley as Elizabeth Bennet and Matthew Macfadyen as Fitzwilliam Darcy.

My favorite character is Elizabeth because she is a very beautiful and intelligent woman, ahead of her time. She prioritizes her studies and doesn't dream of getting married like other women did. The movie is well-made, with great performances by the actors, although the image quality may not be the best by today's standards. It is ideal for romantic and sensitive individuals, as it evokes strong emotions.... Continue reading "Pride and Prejudice: A Beautiful Love Story in 2004" »

The Restoration was a return to the political system of the Ancien Regime that was imposed by the victorious European powers (Austria, Prussia, Russia and Great Britain) after Napoleon’s defeat (1815 - 1830).

The supporters of the Restoration believedthat the monarch was the only person cable of leading a country. Popular sovereignty and constitutions could no longer exist because they limited the power of the monarchy

With this objective in the view, the European powers met at the 1814 - 1815 Congress of Vienna. There they adopted a series of measures. Absolute monarchies were reinstated, Europe’s borders were changed, and The European powers agreed to support any monarch who was threatened by revolution.

Two European alliances were formed... Continue reading "ecdxsa" »

Motivation

Types of Motivation

There are two main types of motivation:

• Intrinsic Motivation: This stems from personal factors. Different approaches to intrinsic motivation include:

1. Humanistic approaches
2. Cognitive approaches
3. Social cognitive theories
4. Sociocultural conceptions

1. Behavioral approaches
2. Social cognitive theories

Strategies to Motivate Students

• Extrinsic: Leaderboards, gold stars, and punishments.
• Intrinsic: Self-knowledge, love, and passion.

Setting challenging yet realistic goals is crucial for student motivation. Strategies to increase motivation include:

• Building positive relationships with students
• Providing regular feedback on

1. What is recurrence for worst case of QuickSort and what is the time complexity in Worst case? Recurrence is T(n) = T(n-1) + O(n) and time complexity is O(n^2) 2. Suppose we have a O(n) time algorithm that finds median of an unsorted array. Now consider a QuickSort implementation where we first find median using the above algorithm, then use median as pivot. What will be the worst case time complexity of this modified QuickSort. O(nLogn)  3. Given an unsorted array. The array has this property that every element in array is at most k distance from its position in sorted array where k is a positive integer smaller than size of array. Which sorting algorithm can be easily modified for sorting this array and what is the obtainable time complexity?