Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Arts and Humanities

Utopia: Definition and Origin

An ideally perfect place; an impractical idealistic scheme. The term originates from two Greek words: ou ("not") and topos ("place"), meaning "nowhere." The word was coined by Thomas More in 1516 when he wrote a book titled Utopia.

Utopian Concepts

• A beautiful society with a generally pacifistic attitude.
• Poverty and misery are eliminated.
• Very few laws are necessary.
• Money is not necessary.
• People only perform work that they enjoy and which benefits the common good.

Varieties of Utopia

• Ecological Utopia: A traditional way of life that is more in harmony with nature; an organic way of life.
• Economic Utopia: An equal distribution of goods, frequently with the total abolition of money. Citizens only do work they enjoy and

Adjectives with -er and -est

big bigger than biggest
busy busier than busiest
cheap cheaper than cheapest
clean cleaner than cleanest
cold colder than coldest
cool cooler than coolest
dark darker than darkest
deeep deeper than deepest
dirty dirtier than dirtiest
dry drier than driest
easy easier than easiest
fast fastier than fastiest
friendly friendlier than friendliest
funny funnier than funniest

Adjectives with more and most

attractive: more attractive than the most attractive
beautiful: more beautiful than the most beautiful

Irregular adjectives

good better best
bad worse the worst

Articles

Article 1: howover= sin embargo, himself= el mismo
Article 2: began=empezo, join= unirse, boiled= hervido, desire= deseo, upward= hacia arriba
Article 3: self-aware= reconocerse,... Continue reading "Comparative and Superlative Adjectives, Irregular Adjectives, and Articles" »

Core Journalism Concepts

Writing Style and News Criteria

• Inverted Pyramid: A common writing style in journalism, prioritizing the most important information first. It was notably developed during the Civil War.
• Prominence: A newspaper story criterion focusing on well-known or popular subjects.
• Proximity: A newspaper story criterion relating to the geographical closeness of an event to the readers.

News Content and Influence

• Weather: Often considered the most important news broadcast section for many viewers.
• Sports: Particularly significant in regions like Texas.
• Media Control: The idea that an authoritarian elite group can control press content.
• 9/11 Reference: The term "Bastards" was noted in relation to the 9/11 attacks.
• Social Media: Holds huge influence

William Blake's Songs of Innocence and Experience: Two Contrary States of the Human Soul

William Blake's initial intention for Songs of Innocence and of Experience was to create a book for children, dedicated to the theme of innocence. The book's frontispiece, a key visual element, depicts an angel and a man holding a pipe or a flute. Two trees frame a gateway through which the man appears to be entering. Interestingly, he is shown seemingly naked, yet also clothed, a visual paradox. This image serves as a representation of the introductory poem, suggesting that the book illuminates the reader, much like the "Children's faces" mentioned in the text. The contrasting attitudes of the woman and the children, highlighting the adult versus child... Continue reading "William Blake's Songs of Innocence and Experience: Symbolism and Themes" »

Context and Intended Audience

This cartoon, created by award-winning Australian political cartoonist Andrew Marlton, was published shortly after NASA's discovery of water on Mars. The intended audience is primarily individuals aged 15-35. The cartoon presents a complex and serious topic humorously, making it engaging for a younger audience who may prefer learning through humor rather than a purely factual article.

Cartoon Description and Analysis

Initial Panel: Dogs and Mars

The cartoon is presented as a comic strip, employing exaggeration and whimsical characters, such as dogs, to address a serious issue. It begins with a headline announcing the discovery of water on Mars. Below, two dogs are depicted observing Mars, which is illustrated with... Continue reading "Mars Water Discovery: A Humorous Cartoon Analysis" »

Changes in English Personal Pronouns

The system of personal pronouns in English has undergone significant changes from the Modern English period to the present day. These shifts reflect phonological developments, social conventions, and the standardization of the language.

First-Person Singular: 'I' and 'My'/'Mine'

The first-person singular pronoun is now consistently capitalized as 'I'. The exact reason for this capitalization is unknown, but it has been a standard feature since its early appearances. A notable change occurred with the possessive forms my and mine.

Historically, my and thy were used before words starting with a consonant, while mine and thine were used before vowels. Over time, confusion arose from this phonological distinction,... Continue reading "The Evolution of English Personal Pronouns" »

Be an Online Brand

To be an online brand, you need to:

• Be visible
• Manage your reputation
• Have a communication strategy
• Develop community

Evolution of Company Focus

Before vs. Now:

• Analysis: Before - Limited tools; Now - Online tools for comprehensive analysis
• Marketing: Before - Product/Service focus; Now - Focus on communication
• Advertising: Before - Creating Ads; Now - Creating content marketing

Characteristics of Online Media

• Addressability (Segmentation): Identify customers before they buy
• Interactivity: Customers' ability to express their needs to the brand
• Accessibility: Obtain digital information easily
• Connectivity: Customers' ability to connect with the brand and other customers
• Control: Customers' ability to regulate the information they view and

Cinematography in The Truman Show

In addition to camera angles which are intended to be a part of the story itself, traditional cinematography is used to develop the plot and characters through angles and various techniques.

Overhead Shots and Control

Overhead shots are utilized to present the idea that Truman functions according to the whims of an omnipotent “puppet master”. The overhead shot casts Truman in a light which highlights his unwitting subservience to the powers that be.

Tracking Shots and Obstacles

Tracking shots are used in one scene where Truman sees his father, who he had long presumed to be dead. The tracking shot follows Truman as he chases after his father who is whisked away by various stage hands, all while Truman is being... Continue reading "Cinematography and Themes in The Truman Show" »

International Public Relations

Good PR

• Is a multitasker
• Acts as a salesperson
• Is diplomatic
• Never says no or yes definitively

Good Diplomacy

• Requires knowledge of languages
• Involves active listening
• Is characterized by professionalism and reactivity
• Respects cultural protocols

Three System Values

• Western
• Eastern
• Muslim

Different Kinetics and Paralinguistics

• Kinetics: Study of movement (non-verbal communication)
• Paralinguistics: Study of sounds (tones, volume, intensity)

PR in Markets

• Laswell's Model: Who/What/How/Whom/Which Effect

Empathy vs. Sympathy

• Empathy: Understanding and feeling another's feelings
• Sympathy: Having compassion but not necessarily feeling it, can be related to cause and point of view

Attitude vs. Aptitude

• Attitude: Skills that can be taught, not

Good morning Claudia, today I will be talking about the movie JOKER

Because of the name and the movie I chose, why don’t we start with a joke. What do you get when you cross a mentally ill owner with a society that abandons him and treats him like trash?. Well you might not get this now but throughout my presentation you will understand what this joke means.

now i will tell you a little bit about the plot of the movie

THE PLOT

Arthur Fleck is a wannabe stand-up comic who suffers from many mental illnesses, including one which causes him to laugh uncontrollably when he is nervous, and this often gets him into bad situations. Arthur's mental health and the shortage of money causes almost all people in society to reject and look down upon him, even... Continue reading "Joker Movie: A Deep Dive into Themes and Themes" »