Notes, notes, essays, topics of English of Bachelor

Condicionales

First:

Future Simple: If i feel better later,we will go shopping together

modal+base form: We might/may visit our relatives if we have got some time

Present Simple:  If I am late,my parents worry

Imperative: Search on the internet if you want to learn more about the amish

Second:

would+base form: I would read more books if I had spare time

Could/might+base form: Jane could/might help us if she were here

Third:

would have+past participle: If Mark had visited us,we would have been delighted

Present simple-always,every,never.sujeto+verbo+s(3ºprs)N:don´t o doesn´t.I:DO Does. Presente continuo-at the moment, just.sujto+am/are/is+verbo ing.Pasado simple-yesterday, 2 minutes ago… Sujeto +verbo+ed. N:didntVN. I:Did.Pasado continuo-when while, as long as.SUjeto +was/were+verbo ing.Present perfecto simple(acción del pasado niaun acabada).alredy ever just never.sujeto+have/has+verbo+ed o tercera columna.Past perfect-alredy after.Sujeto+had+verboed o 3ºcolumna.Condicional. if+present simple,will. Unless=if not.Future continuous-acción en progreso en futuro. Will-be-verbo-ing.Future perfect-accion acabada en el futuro.Will-have-past perfect.2º condicional: if+past simple,would +verbo.3ºcondicional:if+past perfect, would+have+past participle verb.

MODALES:OBLIGACIón:must, had to(pasado),have to.PROIBICIÓN.musn`t.AUSENCIA DE OBLIGACIÓN:needn`t, don`t have to.NECESIDAD.need.Advice:should, ought to.POSIBILITY:might, may, could, can.HABILITY:can, could,be able to (futuro).PERMISION;may, could, can. DEDUCTIONS: present:could be, might be,can be, Past:could have participle, must have participle.

Oraciones condicionales:

-Primera condicional: if + present simple -> future simple o may/might imperative. ejemplos: if you are left-hande,you will face many disadvantages.You will meet a lot of people if you travel abroad.If she is free tomorrow,she may/might attend the concert too.-Segunda condicional:If + Past simple-> would + base form o could/might. Ejemplos:If we had enough money,we would buy a new car.You could/might learn more this year if you studied harder. - Tercera condicional: If+ past perfect -> would have +past pariciple o could/might have. Ejemplos: If I had phoned my parents,they wouldn't have been worried.He could/might have visited her if he had known she was ill.

-LA VOZ PASIVA:

Present simple:(activa)Nasa studies other planets ->(pasiva)Other planets are studied by Nasa.

Past simple:(activa)Nasa studied other planets->(pasiva)Other planets were studied by Nasa.

Future simple:Nasa will study other planets->Other planets will be studied by Nasa.

Formal/ Informal

No contractions/Contractions

Formal set phrases(I look forward to hear from you)/Informal set phrases

Fromal greetings (dear madam)/ Informal greetings

Formal vocabulary/ Informal vocabulary

Indirect questions/Direct questions

Not using phrasal verbs/Using phrasal verbs

Complex sentence structure/simpler sentence structure

Use of the passive voice/ Use of the active voice

Use semi colons/Use exclamation marks

Narrative:

In a narrative we tell a story or we recount an event who had succeed. It can be true or imaginary.

Structure: Give to the story a good beginning, middle and end. Content: We have to make our story as interesting and exciting as its possible. We have to use variety of verbs, adjectives and adverbs to add interest to the story And we have to use the past tenses. Useful language: Starting: It was completly dark when.../ Time expressions: one day...,at midnight..,/ Adverbs of manner: happily, quietly/ feelings: surprised, excited,lonely../ ending: In the end...

USED TO: A:SUJETO+USED+VERBO NORMAL. N: SUJETO+DIDN´T+USE TO+VERBO NORMAL. Q: DID+SUJETO+USE TO+VERBO NORMAL.  PASSIVE VOICE: DE LO QUE SE HABLA+WAS+ VERBO EN PASADO. WAS BEING PLAYED. PRESENTE: DE LO QUE SE HABLA+IS+VERBO EN PASADO. PASSIVE QUESTION: WERE/WAS+SUJETO+VERBO EN PARTICIPIO ED. PRIMERA CONDICIONAL FACTUAL: IF PRESENTE, FUTURE: if you exercise, you will be in shape. SEGUNDA CONDICIONAL: IF PAST, WOULD.: IF MEXICO WON, I WOULD BE CRAZY. INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE: SUJETO+VERBO+INFINITIVO CON TO: i study english to pass my exam. o igual se usa en vez de to: in order to, i wanted to.