Tema 11.-FUNCIONES DEL LENGUAJE Función fática. Sirve para matener abierta la comunicaion entre el emisor y receptor. Función apelativa o conativa.  Pretendemos provocar una reacción en el receptor, que es el elemento fundamental aquí. Es decir, queremos que haga algo, o que deje de hacerlo. Función expresiva. Manifestamso emociones o sentimientos.

Función representativa.  Para informar de algo sin valoraciones subjetivas

Función metalingüística. Cuando la lengua se toma a sí misma como referente, cuando la lengua habla de la lengua.

Función estética o poética. Es la orientada al mensaje. Aparece siempre que la expresión atrae la atención sobre su forma

2.- La literatura medieval. Caracteristicas de la lirica popular

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bizarre spots: puntos extreños // in the middle of busy streets: en medio de calles ocupadas // medical treatment: tratamiento medico // beyond: mas allá (further away) // attempt: tentativa // joined: se afiliaron ( affiliated) // treacherous: traidora // daring feats: hazañas audaces (bold exploits) // foolishness: tonterias (bullshit ) // unlikely: poco probabilidad (little probability)

Además: in addition, besides // Debido a: since, due to // Consecuencia: So, therefore, consequently, as a result // Objetivo: in order to // Aunque: nevertheless, althought, despite // Opinion: in my opinion, it seems to me that // En realidad: in fact, actually // Enumeracion: In the first place, finally, lastly, then, next // Ejemplo: such as, in particular, for instance // Opuesto: On the one hand -- on the other hand // Después: Meanwhile, afterwards // Tan pronto como: as soon as // Para esas fec has: by the time // Conclusion: To sum up ... (Continue)

• "Detached clouds in the form of white, delicate filaments or white or mostly white patches or narrow bands. These clouds have fibrous (hair-like) appearance, or a silky sheen, or both." CIRRUS
  ·8/8 stratus base 200 FT/AGL is observed at sunrise at an aerodrome in the north of France; the QNH is 1028 hPa and there is a variable wind of 3 kt. What change in these clouds is likely at 1200 UTC in summer and winter? WINTER: OVC. BASE 500 FT/AGL; SUMMER: SCT, BASE 3000 FT/AGL
  ·A blocking anticyclone in the northern hemisphere is: A WARM ANTICYCLONE/QUASI STATIONARY/SITUATED BETWEEN 50°N AND 70°N
  ·A Cb with thunderstorm has reached the mature stage. Which statement is correct?

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Reported speech
Present simple-past simple
present continuous-past continuous.
past simple-past perfect simple
present perfect simple-past perfect simple
will-would
can-could
here-there
this-that
these-those
now-then
next week-tefollowing week
today-that day

Admit,declare,explain,insist,promise,recommend,reply,reveal,say,suggest,ask,advise,invite,order,remaind,told.
Reported questions
How tall is she?-> he asked me how tall she was.
Do you like being famous?-> She asked him if he liked being famous.

waste of time: perdida de tiempo / Suitable = proper: apropiado / actually:realmente / Courageous = brave: valiente / con: engañar / adjust: cambiar /

i look forward to your reply. >> i can't want the hear form you / it was a pleasure to have met you last week >> it was great to met you / Send my warmest regards to Mark >> Give Mark my love / I apologise that it has taken me such a long time to respond to your letter >> i'm sorry for the delay / I'm very grateful for your help >> thank you so much for your help.

5 types of essays
cause and effect
compare and contrast
descriptive- many details
process narrator- timeline
problem and solution 

NARRATIVE SOTRIES: 2 MAIN TYPES

1- character/problem/solution narratives

- most common type
-main character or hero has some
kind of struggle or problem
-solves his own problem

-as a result, tu main character has grown or changed in some way

- this personal growth is what the story is abut

2- personal experience narratives

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1. Describe Vroom Yet ton’s contingency model of leadership.
Contingency model of leadership shows best ways to lead in specified situations and the styles of making decisions.
- He gave us 5 types of Management Decision Style:
AI - autocratic (you solve the problem or make decision by yourself, using information available to you at that time)
AII - autocratic ( you obtain the necessary information from your subordinates than decide solution to the problem)
CI - consultative (you share the problem with relevant subordinates individually, getting their Ideas and suggestions, then you make decision, which doesn’t have to reflect their influence)
CII - consultative ( you share the problem ... (Continue)

Be-was,were- been- ser , estar
Become- became-became-llegar a ser
Begin- began-begun-empezar
Bite- bit- bitten- morder
Break- broke- broken- romper
Bring-brought- brought -traer
Build- built- built -construir
Burn- burnt- burnt- quemar
Buy- bought- bought-comprar
Can- could- / -poder
Catch- caught- = - coger
Choose- chose- chosen-elegir
Come- came- come- venir
Cost- cost- cost- costar
Cut- cut- cut -cortar
Dig- dug - dug - cabar
Do- did- done -hacer
Draw- drew- - drawn -dibujar
Dream- dreamt- = soñar
Drink- drank- drunk-beber
Drive- drove- driven-conducir
Eat- ate- eaten -comer
Fall- fell- fallen -caer
Feed- fed- fed- alimentar
Feel-felt-felt-sentir
Fight-fought- luchar
Find- found- found -encontrar
Fly- flew-flown- volar
Forget- forgot- forgotten- olvidar

Modal can/be abe to/ can´t (habilidad, dar pedir posibilidad sugerencias) could (can en pasado) may/ might (posibilid mas remota con might) would
Modal perfect must have may/might have could have couldn´t have would have should/ought to have (consejo u opinion) shouldn´t have needn´t have

present simpl sell (are sold) present continu are selling (are being sold) past simpl sold (were sold) futur simpl will sell (will be sold) presen perfec simpl have sold (have been sold) modals can sell (can be sold) past continuo were selling (were being sold) past perfec simpl had sold ( had been sold) modal perfect must have sold (must have been sold) have to have to sell (have to be sold) be going to are goint to sell (are going to be sold)
wish/ if only + past simple (he wishes his house were bigger, If only I lived near the school) wish/if only+ past perfec (Pam wishes she and tom handn´t broken up, If only Sarah had arrived earlier wish/If only+ could/would + base form ( I wish I could improve my marks, if only he would call me.

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2- Set in 1999 in Sierra Leone, when the nations is in the midst of a terrible civil war. Blood Diamond tells the adventures of Danny, a south african mercenary who specializes in the sale of precious revenue to be used to finance rebellions, pirate and terrorists, and solomon a simple miner.
Although both men are south africans, their live are totally different. Their fates are crossed when both undertake the search for a rare pink diamond taht can transform their lives dramatically. When both are arrested for smuggling, Archer realizes that Solomon - who was snatched from arms of his family and forced to work in diamond mines - it is a strange rock that could be the key to many things.
With the help of Maddy Bowen, an American journalist. An adventure that could save Solomon´s family and also give Archer the second chance he never believed could have.
In my opinion this movie is fantastic, it shows us life in Sierra Leone and the way its inhabitants suffer exploitation by the collection of these diamond. In conclusion you should see this movie.
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