Internal leakage in
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interaction an coordination
the nervous system interacts with both enviroments , this eneble the body to detect changes and provide responses to them / the basic path are stimuls , receptors ( detect stimuls ) , central nervous system (CNS ) , Responses , there are 2 ( muscle effector and Motor response ) ( gland effector and Secretory response ) / coordination system nervous system : recives an transmits information rapidly trasmited by electrical impulses trought sensory neurons and responses are short lived / endocrine system : consist on glands and than secrete hormones , the hormones are carried in the blood to the cells responses are slow but long lasting / sensory receptors : capture information from the external and the internal , when a receptor detect stimuls convert the stimuls into a electrical impulse / 2 types ; interoreceptors : to generate body conditions and sensation like thisrt the need to urina estc .... , exteroreceptors ; depending on the stimul can be chermoreceptor ( nose and tongue / chemical substances ) , mechanorecepetor ( skin and ears physical stymul) , photoreceptors ( retina , light ) thermoreceptors ( skin , temperaturee cange ) or nociceptors ( trought the body , stymul that cause pain )
the sense organs
the sesnse of sight the light stimuli are detected by eyes , each eye consist of the eye ball and accesosy structure . The eye ball is a sphere made up of 3 layers sclera choroid and retina / the eye parst are : ( de izquierda por arriba a derecha por arriba ) extraocular muscle ,sclera , choroid , optic nerve , retina , vitreous humour , aqueous humor , cornea , iris , crystalline lens / acesory structure in addition the extraocular enables movement . Eyebrows , eyelids ( cover the eyes and spred tears ) lacrimal glands (they secrete tears and clean surface ) , lacrimal sac (collect the excess of tears an collect them )
how the eyes work
reflected off objects pass throught the conea and the lens , the lens become more rounded when focus on objest nearby this procces is called acomodation thr image formed in the retina is inverted and smaller . Photoreceptors in te retina convert image into nerve impulses carried to by the optic nerve to the cerebral cortex / the sensee of touch the skin have 2 layers epidermis (outer layer made up of several layers the ones on the surface dead ) and dermis (contains touch receptors )types of receptors (de izquierda arriba a derecha arriba ) tactile corpuscle , ruffini corpuscles , meissner corpuscle , krause corpuscle , vater pacini porcusple , free nerve endings
typicap disorders
organs | disorder | healthy habits |
---|---|---|
mouth | caries | reduce sugar un ur diet |
skin | psioriasis | reduce ur stress |
nasal cavities | rinitis | dont expose to allergens |
eyes | myopia | use sun glasses |
ear | otitis | remove excess of earwax |
component of the nervous system the nervous system detects and interprets external and internal stimuli , neural tissue is madeup manly of 2 types of cells neurons and glial cells / neurons genere and trasmit nerve impulses the have 3 parts the cell body ( contains the nucleus and most of the cytoplams ) axon ( long fibre that transmits nerve impulses ) dentrites ( recive nerve impulses from receptors ) neuros are clasified by funcions
snsory neurons : send information of the receptors to de cns ( central nervous system ) / motor neurons send responsens from cns to effectors / relay neurons conect sensory motor y neurons / glial cells the main types are astrocytes : star shape cells transport nutrients , microglia remove cellular waste , oligodendrocytes they produce the myelin cover or seath found some axons / trasmition of nerve impulses transmitas electrical signals te impulse travel along the always in the same directions 7 synapse arent phycaly connected there is a gap betwen them called synaptic cleft / chemical messengers called neurontrasmitters / neurotrasmitters travel across the synaptic clef detectec by the receptors pf the postynaptic neuron located in the dentrites and or cell body