English Vocabulary and Grammar: Press, Adjectives, Present and Past Perfect

WORDS TRANSLATION
the press = la prensa
tabloid = tabloide, periódico sensacionalista
reporter = reportero/a
breaking news = noticia(s) de última hora
daily = diario/a
scoop = exclusiva
cover the news = cubrir las noticias
news bulletin = boletín de noticias / informativo
hold a press conference = celebrar una rueda / conferencia de prensa
live broadcast = transmisión / emisión en directo
front page = portada, primera plana
news source = fuente de noticias / información
headline = titular, cabecera
publish = publicar; divulgar

WORDS TRANSLATION
careful = prudente, cuidadoso/a
careless = descuidado/a
helpful = útil
defenceless = indefenso/a
hopeful = esperanzado/a, optimista
hopeless = desesperado/a; imposible
thoughtful = considerado/a, atento/a, amable
useful = útil, beneficioso/a; práctico/a
useless = inútil, inservible
thoughtless = desconsiderado/a
skilful = hábil, diestro/a
painful = doloroso/a
painless = indoloro/a, sin dolor
helpless = indefenso/a
harmless = inofensivo/a
harmful = nocivo/a, perjudicial

Present Perfect Simple

Form: have/has + past participle

Uses:

1. An action that started in the past and continues until the present

The police have been here since 6.00.

2. An action that took place at an unspecified time in the past and is relevant to the present

The detective has found a witness.

Time Expressions: never, ever, already, just, yet, recently, lately, in recent years, for, since, How long…?

Past Perfect Simple

Form: had + past participle

Use:

An action that took place before a specific moment in the past.

The thief had escaped before the police arrived.

Time Expressions: already, by the time, after, before, until, never, just, when, as soon as

WORDS TRANSLATION

evidence = pruebas
witness = testigo
robbery = robo, atraco, asalto
grab = coger, arrebatar
go off = sonar, saltar
patrol = patrullar
safe = caja fuerte
masked = encapuchado/a, enmascarado/a
attack = atacar, agredir
get away = escapar(se), huir
thief = ladrón/ona
suspect = sospechoso/a
prevent = evitar, impedir, prevenir
lock = cerradura; cerrojo
break the law = violar / quebrantar la ley
burglar alarm = alarma antirrobo

Pronunciation: The /æ/ Sound

AE
travel /ˈtrævəl/ understand /ˌʌndərˈstænd/ value /ˈvælju/ tax /tæks/ track /træk/ dad /dæd/ that /ðæt/ at /æt/ as /æz/ have /hæv/ animal /ˈænəməl/ began /bɪˈgæn/ happened /ˈhæpənd/ pattern /ˈpætərn/ ran /ræn/ language /ˈlæŋgwəʤ/ perhaps /pərˈhæps/ sat /sæt/ paragraph /ˈpærəˌgræf/ shall /ʃæl/ catch /kæʧ/ gas /gæs/ valley /ˈvæli/ bad /bæd/ practice /ˈpræktəs/ captain /ˈkæptən/ capture /ˈkæpʧər/ sand /sænd/ hat /hæt/ cattle /ˈkætəl/ japan /ʤəˈpæn/ capital /ˈkæpətəl/ factory /ˈfæktəri/ actually /ˈækʧuəli/ adjective /ˈæʤɪktɪv/ apple /ˈæpəl/ had /hæd/ jacket /ˈʤækət/ natural /ˈnæʧərəl/ action /ˈækʃən/ attitude /ˈætəˌtud/ exactly /ɪgˈzæktli/ math /mæθ/ contact /ˈkɑnˌtækt/ program /ˈproʊˌgræm/ absolutely /ˌæbsəˈlutli/ Canada /ˈkænədə/ spam /spæm/ dam /dæm/ ham /hæm/ fat /fæt/ has /hæz/ pan /pæn/ rat /ræt/ van /væn/ tag /tæg/ map /mæp/ jam /ʤæm/ axe /æks/

Pronunciation: US vs UK Vowels

A:
dance US: dæns UK: dɑːns
can’t US: kænt UK: kɑːnt
half US: hæf UK: hɑːf
aunt US: ænt UK: ɑːnt
laugh US: læf UK: lɑːf
ask US: æsk UK: ɑːsk
answer US: ˈænsər UK: ˈɑːnsə
after US: ˈæftər UK: ˈɑːftə
last US: læst UK: lɑːst
example US: ɪgˈzæmpəl UK: ɪgˈzɑːmpl
fast US: fæst UK: fɑːst
passed US: pæst UK: pɑːst
class US: klæs UK: klɑːs
past US: pæst UK: pɑːst
glass US: glæs UK: glɑːs
grass US: græs UK: grɑːs
rather US: ˈræðər UK: ˈrɑːðə
branch US: brænʧ UK: brɑːnʧ
chance US: ʧæns UK: ʧɑːns
france US: fræns UK: ˈfrɑːns
sample US: ˈsæmpəl UK: ˈsɑːmpl