Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for Vocational training

Vocabulary Definitions

• Annular - (adj) ring-shaped
• Apiary - (n) a place where bees are kept and tended
• Apocalyptic - (adj) relating to a revelation
• Apostasy - (n) abandonment of faith or dedication to basic beliefs
• Append - (v) to attach, add
• Auspices - (n) patronage, sponsorship
• Brusque - (adj) abrupt, rough in speech or manner
• Bucolic - (adj) of the countryside
• Cabal - (n) a group of people engaged in intrigue
• Cache - (n) a secret place for hiding supplies, food, etc.
• Cairn - (n) a heap of stones marking a special site
• Codicil - (n) a supplementary statement, especially as in a will
• Dissimulate - (v) to mask or confuse by false appearance
• Dissipate - (v) to cause to disappear; to scatter
• Eclectic - (adj) chosen or selected from various sources
• Ecumenical

World War II: Main Ideas and Context

Main Ideas

1. Economic and political problems troubled Europe in the years after World War I.
2. World War II broke out when Germany invaded Poland.
3. Nazi Germany targeted the Jews during the Holocaust.
4. Allied victories in Europe and Japan brought the end of World War II.

The Big Idea

Problems in Europe led to World War II, the deadliest war in history.

The Great Depression

It was a global crisis in the 1930s.

Meaning of Dictator

A dictator is a ruler who has total control.

Most Famous Dictators

Below are descriptions of prominent dictators leading up to and during the war:

• Russia: Vladimir Lenin. He gained power in the 1917 Revolution and formed a communist government; he also created the Soviet Union.
• Joseph Stalin. He took

Forum Database Schema: Creation Scripts

Database Creation

CREATE DATABASE ForumDeDiscussoes;

USE ForumDeDiscussoes;

Usuario Table

CREATE TABLE Usuario (
  idUsuario INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
  nome VARCHAR(70),
  email VARCHAR(45),
  PRIMARY KEY (idUsuario)
);

Forum Table

CREATE TABLE Forum (
  idForum INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
  nome VARCHAR(45),
  PRIMARY KEY (idForum)
);

Topico Table

CREATE TABLE Topico (
  idTopico INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
  nome VARCHAR(45),
  idForum INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (idTopico),
  CONSTRAINT fkForum FOREIGN KEY (idForum) REFERENCES Forum (idForum)
);

Comentario Table

CREATE TABLE Comentario (
  idComentario INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
  Descricao VARCHAR(255),
  idTopico INT,
  PRIMARY KEY (idComentario),
  CONSTRAINT fkTopico FOREIGN KEY (idTopico)

Directions and Movement

• Go straight on: Sigue recto
• Turn back / Go back: Volver
• Turn left/right: Gira a la izquierda/derecha
• Go along: Ve a lo largo de
• Cross: Cruzar
• Take the first: Coge la primera
• It's on the left: Está a la izquierda
• Opposite: Enfrente (cara a cara)
• Near: Cerca
• Next to: Al lado de
• Between: Entre
• At the end (of): Al final de
• At the corner: En la esquina
• Behind: Detrás
• In front of: Delante
• Around the corner: Girando la esquina
• Traffic lights: Semáforo
• Crossroads: Cruce
• Signpost: Señal

Prepositions of Place and Movement

• On: Encima (tocando la superficie)
• In: Dentro de, en (refiriéndose a un lugar)
• Into: Dentro (acompañado de go)
• Through: A través de / atravesar (espacio cerrado)
• Across: Al otro lado de, en frente
• Along: A lo largo de
• To: A, hacia
• Up

Essential English Grammar & Vocabulary

Relative Pronouns Explained

• Who: people
• Which: things
• When: time
• Where: place
• Whose: possession
• That: people/things

Key Vocabulary & Expressions (English-Catalan)

• To date: a dia d'avui
• In turn: per torns
• Nod: assentir
• Lack of: falta de
• Distressing: angoixant
• Relieves: alleuja, calma
• Afford: permetre's
• Take pleasure in: gaudir
• In appreciation of: dir alguna cosa a favor de
• Beyond my reach: fer alguna cosa més enllà de les teves possibilitats
• Owe: deure
• Inherited: heretar
• Poverty: pobresa
• Bargain: xollo

Descriptive Adjectives & Verbs (English-Catalan)

• Reliable: de confiança
• Awesome: increïble
• Daft: ximple, tonto
• Outstanding: excel·lent, destacat
• Weird: estrany, raro
• Sneaky: furtiu, poc fiable
• Easy-going: fàcil de tractar
• Infamous:

Tell a Painter's Name

Famous Painters

• Pablo Picasso (1881–1973)
• Vincent van Gogh

Art Movement

• The Impressionists

The Atlantic Slave Trade

Between 9–11 million Africans were taken by European slave traders and landed alive in North America. Between 1698 and 1807 the slave trade was open to anyone who wanted to take part. Before that, it was restricted to the Royal African Company. The first African slaves arrived in Jamestown in 1618. They were sold and forced to work on plantations (sugar, cotton, tobacco) in America. Slavery was hereditary.

Slave Auctions

“The Weeping Time”, March 1859, was the largest slave auction in history. 436 men, women, and children were sold. They stayed in stalls meant for horses at a racetrack in Savannah, Georgia... Continue reading "A History of Imperialism and Slavery" »

Journalism and Media Definitions

1. What is the definition of journalism?

Journalism is the activity of gathering, assessing, and presenting news and information.

2. What is a magazine?

A magazine is a periodical publication containing articles and illustrations, typically covering a particular subject or area of interest.

Essay Writing Fundamentals

3. Which are the four types of essay?

• Narrative essay
• Descriptive essay
• Expository essay
• Persuasive essay

4. What is a hook?

Also known as attention gathering, it is the 1^st or 2^nd sentence of your introduction paragraph. It serves as an introduction and works to grab the reader's attention.

5. Mention the types of hooks

• Rhetorical question
• Shocking statistics
• Anecdote
• Inspectional quests

6. What is a brainstorm?

1. How Many Bones Are in the Skeletal System?

206

2. What Is the Largest Bone in Your Body?

Femur

3. Which Job of the Skeletal System Is Like a Factory?

Storing calcium and other minerals.

4. What Are the Skeletal System’s Two Minor Jobs?

To make blood cells and store calcium.

5. The Place Where Two or More Bones Meet Is Called…

Joint

6. The Part of the Bone Where Blood Cells Are Made Is Called…

Marrow

7. These Connect Bones to Muscles:

Tendons (Note: Ligaments connect bone to bone).

8. The Ribs, Sternum, and Spine Protect These Organs:

Lungs, heart, and blood vessels.

9. What Is the Hyoid?

The only floating bone in the skeleton.

10. Skeletal System Components

• Bones: Babies are born with more than adults.
• Ligaments: They connect bone to bone.
• Cartilage: It

What is a Narrative Essay?

Narrative essays are, by definition, personal to you.

Mention Four Types of Essays

• Narrative
• Descriptive
• Persuasive
• Expository

Which are the Elements of a Story?

Setting, characters, and rising actions.

What is Spelling?

It is the process of naming letters of the word.

What is Proofreading?

It means carefully checking your work for errors.

Structure of a Narrative Essay

• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion

Narrative Plot Structure

• Introduction
• Rising action
• Climax
• Falling action
• Resolution

What is a Plot?

The sequence of events that take place in a story.

What is a Rising Action?

Events in the rising action that draw you in as the reader.

Define Falling Action

The continuing action after the conflict has been resolved.

Study Vocabulary (From the Homework)

The Meaning of Enlightenment

The Enlightenment refers to the use of reason in shaping people’s ideas about society and politics.

Key Enlightenment Ideas

1. The ability to reason is unique to humans.
2. Reason can be used to solve problems and improve people’s lives.
3. Reason can free people from ignorance.
4. The natural world is governed by laws that can be discovered through reason.
5. Natural laws also govern human behavior.
6. Governments should reflect natural laws and encourage education and debate.

John Locke's View on Government

Locke believed government should be a contract between a ruler and the people. This contract binds both sides, limiting the ruler’s power. Locke also asserted that all people possess certain natural rights, such as life, liberty,... Continue reading "Enlightenment Ideas: Locke, Rousseau, and Democratic Documents" »