• Modes of International Business

  • Merchandise Exports & Imports

-This is the most common mode of international business.

-Merchandise exports and imports are tangible products. They can be seen leaving and entering a country.

• • Services Exports & Imports

They are international non-product sales and purchases.

• • • Tourism and Transportation:

Are important sources of revenue for airlines, shipping companies, travel agencies, and hotels.

• • • Performance of Services

This refers to company's earnings in the form of fees (payments for the performance of a service).

1. Turnkey Operation

Is a deal where a company takes all responsibility for constructing, fitting and staffing a building (such as a school, hospital or factory) so that it is completely ready for the purchaser... Continue reading "Modes of International Business and Investment" »

Essential English Phrasal Verbs

Improve your English fluency by learning these common phrasal verbs, complete with their past simple and past participle forms, and Spanish translations. Understanding these verbs is crucial for natural communication.

Go on

• Past Simple: Went on
• Past Participle: Gone on
• Meaning: Partir / continuar

Carry on

• Past Simple: Carried on
• Past Participle: Carried on
• Meaning: Continuar

Carry out

• Past Simple: Carried out
• Past Participle: Carried out
• Meaning: Realizar

Come back

• Past Simple: Came back
• Past Participle: Come back
• Meaning: Volver

Come down

• Past Simple: Came down
• Past Participle: Come down
• Meaning: Descender

Come in

• Past Simple: Came in
• Past Participle: Come in
• Meaning: Entrar

Come out

• Past Simple: Came out
• Past Participle: Come out
• Meaning:

Linguistic Definitions: Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, and Pragmatics

Phonology: The study of the sound system of a particular language.

Morphology: The study of the form and formation of words in a particular language, including the arrangement of sounds into minimal meaningful units (morphemes) and the classification of words into parts of speech.

Syntax: The study of how words are arranged into higher units, such as phrases, clauses, and sentences, focusing on word order.

Semantics: The study of meaning.

Pragmatics: The study of language in use, including the function of language in its social context, covering a wide range of topics.

Implicature and Grammaticalization

Implicature: What the speaker means or implies rather than what he... Continue reading "Understanding Linguistics: Phonology, Morphology, Syntax & Semantics" »

Singapore Taxable Benefits

• Accommodation: Fully taxable till YA2019
• Furniture & Fittings: Partially taxable
• Company car: Taxable based on cost and usage
• Rental: Interest deductible, royalties taxable
• Premium: Taxable

Non-Taxable Benefits

• Profits from operation of Singapore ships
• Interest from approved banks and finance companies
• Singapore dividends, CPF withdrawals, Government pensions
• Various distributions and annuities
• Overseas income of individuals

Allowable Deductions

• Interest, Rent, Repairs, Salaries, CPF, Medical expenses
• Professional fees, Foreign exchange loss

Special Deductions

• Patenting cost, R&D, Renovations, Trade fair participation
• Royalty payments, PHV & taxi deductions

Capital Allowances

• Depreciation rules and allowances for equipment
• Replacement

Biology 105/106: Exam 1 Study Material

This document outlines key concepts for Biology 105/106 Exam 1, covering fundamental principles of science, life, cells, metabolism, and energy, along with essential lab topics.

Chapter 1: The Scientific Process

• Science as a Process:
  1. Observation: Noticing phenomena.
  2. Question: Forming a formal hypothesis.
  3. Hypothesis: A testable explanation for an observation.
  4. Experimentation: Testing the hypothesis.
  5. Data Analysis: Drawing conclusions from results.
  6. Communication: Sharing findings and restarting the process with new questions.
• Hypothesis vs. Prediction: Understand the distinction.
• Experiments:
  • Controls: Elements kept constant to ensure valid results.
  • Variables:
    • Independent Variable: The factor manipulated by the experimenter.

Configuración Inicial de Tidyverse

install.packages("tidyverse")
library(tidyverse)
mpg

Generamos un gráfico de dispersión básico utilizando los datos mpg:

ggplot(data=mpg)+geom_point(mapping=aes(x=displ,y=hwy))

Gráficos Estéticos en ggplot2

La Propiedad Estética es una propiedad visual que consiste en incluir otras variables como tamaño, forma y color en el gráfico, mapeándolas dentro de aes().

Mapeo de Variables a Estéticas

ggplot(data=mpg)+geom_point(mapping=aes(x=displ,y=hwy,color=class))
ggplot(data=mpg)+geom_point(mapping=aes(x=displ,y=hwy,size=class))
ggplot(data=mpg)+geom_point(mapping=aes(x=displ,y=hwy,alpha=class))
ggplot(data=mpg)+geom_point(mapping=aes(x=displ,y=hwy,shape=class))

Uso de Facetas para Subdividir Gráficos

Las facetas... Continue reading "Mastering Data Visualization with ggplot2 Aesthetics and Geoms" »

Cooperative Base Groups: The primary purpose is to give members the support, help, encouragement, and assistance so that each can progress successfully.

The success of cooperation in the classroom is crucially dependent on the nature and organization of group work. Thanks to the well-designed program in which the elements of CLL are implemented carefully, the students have the chance to interact with each other, and they are motivated to increase each other’s learning.

So when we look at a successful group based learning in cooperative learning, we will see:

• Positive Interdependence
• Group Formation
• Individual Accountability
• Social Skills
• Structuring and Structures

Positive Interdependence happens when group members realize that their success is linked... Continue reading "Enhancing Cooperative Learning Through Effective Group Dynamics" »

Of all the major inventions of the twentieth century, few have had a more profound impact on people’s lives than radio and television. By 1933, two-thirds of American homes had at least one radio, twice as many as those with telephones. Forty-five years later, 97 percent of all households had at least one television set. But the numbers cannot convey the contradictory roles that broadcasting has played in American society as it has reshaped the country’s politics, economy, and culture.

Role in American Society

The broadcast media have allowed Americans to listen to and watch candidates for public office in order to decide for themselves who merits their support. But television has also trivialized politics, overemphasizing appearance and... Continue reading "The Impact of Radio and Television on American Society" »

The Telegraph: Distant Communication System

The telegraph is an electrically operated device or system for distant communication (the first ever invented) by means of visible or audible signals.

The method used throughout most of the world is based in large part on the mid-19th-century work of Samuel F.B. Morse. It utilizes an electric circuit set up customarily by using a single overhead wire and employing the earth as the other conductor to complete the circuit.

In the telegraph's simplest form, an electromagnet in the receiver is activated by alternately making and breaking the circuit. Reception by sound, with the Morse Code signals received as audible clicks, is the basis for a low-cost, reliable method of signaling.

Modern telegraph messages... Continue reading "Fundamentals of Communication and Computing Technology" »

1.The interest rate on a One-year bank deposit in Brazil is 6%.  In the US it is 2.2%.  The Exchange rate is 3.9 reals/$.  If an American investor deposited $1,000 in a Brazilian bank for one-year, then Brought the funds back to US, what would his/her rate of return be if (a) the real appreciates to 4.1/$, (b) the real depreciates to 3.5/$, (c) the real/$ Exchange rate doesn’t change? 

1000*3.9 = 3900*(1+0.06)= 4134

(a)If real appreciate to 4.1 Real/dollar

he gets = $4134/4.1 = $1008.29

(b) depreciation to 3.5 Real/dollar

He gets = 4134/3.5 =$ 1181.14

(c) at the constant rate:

He gets = 4134/3.9 = $1060

2.What does it mean to say The macro-economy is in internal balance?  In external balance?

By internal balance it means that the unemployment... Continue reading "Macroeconomic Equilibrium and International Finance Concepts" »