Notes, summaries, assignments, exams, and problems for University

Definición de las habilidades verbales

Es la capacidad intelectual para comprender, ordenar y clasificar los significados de las palabras de un idioma.

Escuchar, hablar, leer y escribir son las habilidades que permiten expresarse y comunicarse. Estas son habilidades básicas para interactuar socialmente con el entorno que rodea a los individuos.

Recomendaciones

Para mejorar la habilidad verbal es importante tomar en cuenta los siguientes puntos:

• Leer libros para ampliar el vocabulario.
• Escuchar música para comprender los sonidos de cada palabra.
• Practicar caligrafía para perfeccionar la escritura.
• Prestar atención en conversaciones para mejorar el habla.

Obstáculos

1. Asignaturas que se centran en objetivos como la ortografía o la gramática, pero

Design patterns offer proven solutions to recurring software design challenges, promoting code reusability, maintainability, and efficiency. They can be categorized into three main types:

Behavioral Design Patterns

These patterns focus on communication and interaction between objects, enhancing flexibility. Examples include:

• Observer Pattern: Enables one-to-many dependencies, where changes in one object automatically notify dependent objects.
• Iterator Pattern: Provides sequential access to elements within a collection without exposing its underlying structure.

Creational Design Patterns

These patterns address object creation mechanisms, ensuring suitable instantiation processes. Examples include:

• Singleton Pattern: Restricts object creation to a single

Part 1: Short Dialogues

Berta's Absence

4. Sorry, Berta is off today. She went to see a doctor yesterday, but she is still sick.

A. She will probably be here tomorrow.

Studying and Grades

5. Son, if you work hard and you don't answer your cellphone or chat on your cellphone while you are studying...

A. I know; I will get better grades, right?

A Gloomy Evening

6. This is a cold winter evening. It's really cloudy out there. I feel sad.

A. I guess it will be a nightmare night for you.

Late to Work

7. Today I arrived late for the first time in six years and my boss gave me a memo. It's not fair.

B. From now on, you'll have to be more careful.

Vacation Plans

8. What are you going to do on vacation?

B. We're going to party a lot.

Taking Over

9. Who's going to take... Continue reading "Short Answers and Dialogues" »

Part 1: Future Tense Selection

Exercise 1

1. Next week I'm going to travel to California.
2. I'm going to ask you a very personal question.
3. She didn't have time in the morning, but she's going to call us at night.
4. I will marry her. I promise.
5. Why won't you come?
6. Steven Spielberg will direct a new Jurassic Park film.
7. I won't do it again.

Part 2: Future Tense Application

Exercise 2

1. My dad is buying a bouquet. My aunt is making something special for lunch, and my sisters are sweeping and mopping. They are going to celebrate Mother's Day.
2. It's ten o'clock on a Saturday night. Tyler and Mrs. Evans are standing near the front door. They're waiting for a friend of Tyler's who is going to pick him up. He is going to have fun tonight.
3. Austin is nervous. He is wearing

Part 1: Multiple Choice

PARTE 1

1. __ you __ there? — C. were/working

2. The schoolgirls __ not __ any uniforms. — A. are/wearing

3. The company Cybertron __ __ a new controller. — A. was/producing

4. __ Scott and Ryan __ on Fridays? — B. do/drink

5. I __ __ that — D. don't/do

6. __ you __ there? — D. were/staying

7. The schoolgirls __ not __ any uniforms — C. did/wear

8. The company Cybertron __ __ a new controller — D. is/producing

9. __ Scott and Ryan __ their boss? — D. did/call

10. I __ __ it — B. didn't/do

Part 2: Dialogues and Answers

PARTE 2

1. “On a Normal Day” is the first one in the Top 20 this week. — C. What a nice title for a song!

2. Who are you thinking of? — A. Right now I'm thinking of you, my dear Alexa.

3. What... Continue reading "English Past Tense Multiple-Choice Exercises" »

Aldous Huxley's Anti-Utopian Stance

Aldous Huxley's anti-utopian remarks in the late 1920s stemmed from a profound aversion to the utopian speculations he encountered by 1930. Many of these, influenced by H. G. Wells and ultimately by Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis (1627), were distinctly scientific in nature. Huxley observed that those who envisioned a utopian future ‘invoke not the god from the machine, but the machine itself. [...] Thus although in one sense Huxley’s novels and non-fiction prose prior to 1932 seemed to indicate that he would never stoop to utopian themes, in another they made Brave New World inevitable.

The Genesis of Brave New World

One of the chief reasons why Huxley wrote Brave New World was to discredit, if not discourage,... Continue reading "Aldous Huxley's Dystopian Vision: Critiquing Utopia and Society" »

US Sugar Quotas: Impact on World Prices?

The United States uses quotas to limit sugar imports and protect its domestic producers. Since the US is a large consumer, reducing its imports decreases demand on the world market. This likely leads to a lower world price for sugar compared to a free trade scenario. Conversely, the domestic price within the US increases due to the restricted supply.

The 1933 US "Buy American" Act: Purpose and Impact?

The federal "Buy American" Act was passed in the United States in 1933, primarily during the Great Depression.

• Purpose: To stimulate the US economy by requiring government agencies to prioritize purchasing domestically produced goods.
• Impact:
  • Potential Benefits: Increased demand for American products, potentially

EU policy involvement varies not just in its extent but also in its nature. The most important aspect of this varying nature is whether policies rely heavily on EU law or are more based on forms of intergovernmental cooperation.

It used to be the case that in those policy areas where the EU exercised significant responsibilities, well-established and effective policy instruments resting on EU law were almost invariably in place. It also used to be the case that where EU policy involvement was very limited, policy instruments tended mostly to be of the voluntary and persuasive kind.

However, over the years these two generalised statements, and especially the first, have become increasingly less accurate as the EU has made use of an increasing